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Flashcards: EnglishWords

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abditoryn. A place for hiding or preserving articles of value. (a. abditive) A safe.
ablutionA washing or cleansing of the body, especially as part of a religious rite.
abscondTo leave quickly and secretly and hide oneself, often to avoid arrest or prosecution.
abstemious1. Eating and drinking in moderation. 2. a. Sparingly used or consumed: abstemious meals. b. Restricted to bare necessities: an abstemious way of life.
abstruseDifficult to understand; recondite.
abulia"Loss or impairment of the ability to make decisions or act independently
accidieSloth; torpor. [Obs.] «The sin of accidie.» Chaucer. (accidious)
Aceldama"A place with dreadful associations. (A potter's field bought with 30 silver coins by the priests for burrying strangers near Jerusalem)
acrimoniousBitter and sharp in language or tone
acroamaticpertaining to deep learning.
addleTo cause to be unclear in mind or intent
adscititiousnot inherent or essential; derived from something extrinsic
adumbrate1. To give a sketchy outline of. 2. To prefigure indistinctly; foreshadow. 3. To disclose partially or guardedly. 4. To overshadow; shadow or obscure.
aeolian"Giving forth or marked by a moaning or sighing sound or musical tone produced by or as if by the wind.
agogFull of keen anticipation or excitement; eager
amanuensisone employed to take dictation or to copy manuscript
apotheosis1. Exaltation to divine rank or stature; deification. 2. Elevation to a preeminent or transcendent position; glorification 3. An exalted or glorified example
appositeStrikingly appropriate and relevant.
aproposadj. Being at once opportune and to the point. See synonyms at relevant. adv. 1. At an appropriate time; opportunely. 2. By the way; incidentally: Apropos, where were you yesterday? prep. With regard to; concerning: Apropos our date for lunch, I can't go.
argotA specialized vocabulary or set of idioms used by a particular group
arrantCompletely such; thoroughgoing
aspersionAn unfavorable or damaging remark; slander
assiduousCharacterized by steady attention and effort.
avuncularAdj. 1. Of or having to do with an uncle. 2. Regarded as characteristic of an uncle, especially in benevolence or tolerance.
babblativegiven to babbling; prattling, prating, loquacious
badinageLight, playful banter; a playful repartee
baleful"Portending evil; ominous.
bellicosityWarlike or hostile attitude or nature
blitheLacking or showing a lack of due concern; casual
bloviateTo discourse at length in a pompous or boastful manner.
bodaciousunrestrained by convention or propriety
bombinateTo buzz; hum, drone
bonhomieA pleasant and affable disposition; pleasant and easy manner
bromideA dull person with conventional thoughts. A commonplace or conventional saying.
brummagemTastelessly showy; cheap and showy; also, spurious
catachresis(kăt'ə-krē'sĭs) Use of a wrong word in a context; strained use of a word or phrase
cerebrateTo use the powers of the mind, as in conceiving ideas, drawing inferences, and making judgments; to think. n. cerebration
circumspectHeedful of circumstances and potential consequences
cognoscenteA person with superior, usually specialized knowledge or highly refined taste
complaisantExhibiting a desire or willingness to please; cheerfully obliging.
compunction1. A strong uneasiness caused by a sense of guilt. 2. A sting of conscience or a pang of doubt aroused by wrongdoing or the prospect of wrongdoing.
conflateTo bring together
connubialRelating to marriage or the married state; conjugal
consternationA sudden or complete loss of courage in the face of trouble or danger. A state of paralyzing dismay
contumeliousExhibiting contumely; rudely contemptuous
coruscate1. To give off or reflect bright beams or flashes of light; to sparkle. 2. To exhibit brilliant, sparkling technique or style.
coterieA small, often select group of persons who associate with one another frequently
crapulous1. Suffering the effects of, or derived from, or suggestive of gross intemperance, especially in drinking; as, a crapulous stomach. 2. Marked by gross intemperance, especially in drinking; as, a crapulous old reprobate. N. crapulence
cravenadj. Characterized by abject fear; cowardly; n. coward
crepuscularOf, pertaining to, or resembling twilight; dim
cupidityExcessive desire, especially for wealth
daedalIngenious and complex in design or function. Finely or skillfully made or employed
dalliance1. Frivolous spending of time; dawdling. 2. Playful flirtation.
dastardA sneaking, malicious coward
deipnosophistsomeone who is skilled in table talk
denizen1. An inhabitant; a resident: denizens of Monte Carlo. 2. One that frequents a particular place: a bar and its denizens. 3. Ecology. An animal or a plant naturalized in a region. 4. Chiefly British. A foreigner who is granted rights of residence and sometimes of citizenship.
depredationA predatory attack; a raid. Damage or loss; ravage
desideratum(dĭ-sĭd'ə-rā'təm, -rä'-) Something considered necessary or highly desirable
despondentbeing without or almost without hope
desuetudeA state of disuse or inactivity (dĕs'wĭ-tūd')
desultory1. Without aim, purpose, or intent. 2. Having no particular pattern, purpose, organization, or structure: (dĕs'əl-tôr'ē)
détente"A relaxing or easing, as of tension between rivals.
detritusDisintegrated or eroded matter: the detritus of past civilizations. Accumulated material; debris: “Poems, engravings, press releases—he eagerly scrutinizes the detritus of fame”
diminuendoa gradual decrease in loudness
discomfitto frustrate, thwart, or embarrass
disquisitiona formal discourse on a subject; often in writing
distendTo cause to expand by or as if by internal pressure.
ebullientFull of joyful, unrestrained high spirits
effete1. Depleted of vitality, force, or effectiveness; exhausted: the final, effete period of the baroque style. 2. Marked by self-indulgence, triviality, or decadence: an effete group of self-professed intellectuals. 3. Overrefined; effeminate. 4. No longer productive; infertile.
elan1. Enthusiastic vigor and liveliness. (ā-läN', ā-län') 2. Distinctive style or flair.
elucidateTo make clear or plain, especially by explanation
emblazon1a. To adorn (a surface) richly with prominent markings: emblazon a doorway with a coat of arms. 1b. To inscribe (a prominent marking) on a surface: emblazon a cross on a banner. 2. To make resplendent with brilliant colors. 3. To make illustrious; celebrate: emblazoning a heroine's deeds in song.
embrasure1. An opening in a thick wall for a door or window, especially one with sides angled so that the opening is larger on the inside of the wall than on the outside. 2. A flared opening for a gun in a wall or parapet.
ensconce1. To settle (oneself) securely or comfortably: She ensconced herself in an armchair. 2. To place or conceal in a secure place.
ephemeralLasting for a markedly brief time
ephemeronA short-lived thing.
eructationThe act of belching.
esprit1. Liveliness of mind or spirit; sprightliness. 2. Esprit de corps. (ĕ-sprē')
etiolate1. To make pale or sickly. 2. To make weak by stunting the growth or development of.
eudaimonismA system of ethics that evaluates actions in terms of their capacity to produce happiness, and states that the highest ethical goal is happiness and personal well-being.
evanescentVanishing or likely to vanish like vapor.
eviscerateTo remove the entrails of; disembowel. To take away a vital or essential part of
excoriateTo censure strongly; denounce
execrableDeserving of execration (ĕk'sĭ-krə-bəl) Extremely inferior.
expatiate1. To speak or write at length or in considerable detail. 2. To move about freely; to wander.
fatidicOf, relating to, or characterized by prophecy
fatuous(făch'ū-əs) Foolish or silly, especially in a smug or self-satisfied way
febricityThe condition of having a fever.
fillip1. A snap of the finger forced suddenly from the thumb; a smart blow. 2. Something serving to rouse or excite; a stimulus. 3. A trivial addition; an embellishment
floutTo show contempt for; scorn
fomentTo stir to action or feeling
forfend1. To keep or ward off; avert. 2. To defend or protect.
fritter (away)1. To reduce or squander little by little: frittered his inheritance away. See synonyms at waste. 2. To break, tear, or cut into bits; shred.
fugaciousPassing away quickly
fulsome1. Offensively flattering or insincere. 2. Offensive to the taste or sensibilities.
furtivenessThe act of proceeding slowly, deliberately, and secretly to escape observation
fustianpompous or pretentious language
genuflect1. To bend the knee or touch one knee to the floor or ground, as in worship. 2. To be servilely respectful or deferential; grovel.
germaneBeing both, pertinent and fitting
gerrymanderTo divide (a geographic area) into voting districts so as to give unfair advantage to one party in elections.
glabrousHaving no hairs, projections, or pubescence. n. glabrity
gloamingThe period between afternoon and nighttime
gravidCarrying a developing fetus within the uterus: pregnant
halcyon(hăl'sē-ən) Adj. 1. Calm and peaceful; tranquil. 2. Prosperous; golden: halcyon years.
harridanA woman regarded as scolding and vicious.
harrumphTo make a show of clearing one's throat. To offer usually brief critical comments: harrumphed for a while over the proposal.
hebetudeMental dullness or sluggishness
hebetudinousLacking in intelligence, mental and physical alertness and activity
hegemonyThe predominant influence, as of a state, region, or group, over another or others.
hideboundStubbornly prejudiced, narrow-minded, or inflexible.
histrionic1. Of or relating to actors or acting. 2. Excessively dramatic or emotional; affected.
Hobson's choiceAn apparently free choice that offers no real alternative.
hortatoryMarked by exhortation or strong urging
iconoclastOne who attacks and seeks to overthrow traditional or popular ideas or institutions
ignominy1. Great personal dishonor or humiliation. 2. Shameful or disgraceful action, conduct, or character.
imbroglio1. an intricate and confusing interpersonal or political situation 2. a very embarrassing misunderstanding
imprimaturOfficial approval or license to print or publish, especially under conditions of censorship. Official approval; sanction.
impugnTo attack as false or questionable; challenge in argument
inalienableIncapable of being alienated, surrendered, or transferred (inalienable rights)
incipientBeginning to exist or appear
indolent1. Disinclined to exert oneself; habitually lazy 2. Conducive to inactivity or laziness.
ineluctableNot to be avoided or escaped; inevitable
inimitableDefying imitation; matchless
insensateA. 1. Lacking sensation or awareness; inanimate. 2. Unconscious. B. Lacking sensibility; unfeeling: “a predatory, insensate society in which innocence and decency can prove fatal” (Peter S. Prescott). C. 1. Lacking sense or the power to reason. 2. Foolish; witless.
insentientCompletely lacking sensation or consciousness
insouciantMarked by blithe unconcern. Cheerfully nonchalant.
intemperateNot temperate or moderate; excessive, especially in the use of alcoholic beverages.
internecine1. Of or relating to struggle within a nation, organization, or group. 2. Mutually destructive; ruinous or fatal to both sides. 3. Characterized by bloodshed or carnage.
intersticeA space, especially a small or narrow one, between things or parts.
intransigentRefusing to moderate a position, especially an extreme position; uncompromising
inveigh (against)To give vent to angry disapproval; protest vehemently
inveterateFirmly and long established; deep-rooted: inveterate preferences. Persisting in an ingrained habit; habitual: an inveterate liar.
irascibleProne to outbursts of temper; easily angered
jettisonTo cast overboard or off: a ship jettisoning wastes; a pilot jettisoning aircraft fuel. Informal. To discard (something) as unwanted or burdensome: jettisoned the whole marketing plan
lambaste1. To give a thrashing to; beat. See synonyms at beat. 2. To scold sharply; berate.
languish1. To be or become weak or feeble; lose strength or vigor. 2. To exist or continue in miserable or disheartening conditions 3. To remain unattended or be neglected 4. To become downcast or pine away in longing 5. To affect a wistful or languid air, especially in order to gain sympathy.
languor1. Lack of physical or mental energy; listlessness. See synonyms at lethargy. 2. A dreamy, lazy mood or quality: “It was hot, yet with a sweet languor about it” (Theodore Dreiser). 3. Oppressive quiet or stillness.
lickspittleA fawning underling; a toady.
limn1. To describe. 2. To depict by painting or drawing.
limpid1. Characterized by transparent clearness. 2. Easily intelligible; clear: writes in a limpid style. 3. Calm and untroubled.
lionizeTo look on or treat (a person) as a celebrity.
littoralA coastal region; a shore.
lurid1. Causing shock or horror; gruesome. 2. Marked by sensationalism: a lurid account of the crime. See synonyms at ghastly. 3. Glowing or shining with the glare of fire through a haze: lurid flames. 4. Sallow or pallid in color.
malapropism1. Ludicrous misuse of a word, especially by confusion with one of similar sound. 2. An example of such misuse. adj. malapropian
malversationMisconduct, corruption, or extortion in public office.
manumitTo free from slavery or bondage; emancipate.
maudlinEffusively or tearfully sentimental
mawThe mouth, stomach, jaws, or gullet of a voracious animal, especially a carnivore. The opening into something felt to be insatiable: “I saw the opening maw of hell” (Herman Melville).
metaphora figure of speech in which one class of things is referred to as if it belonged to another class. Whereas a simile states that A is like B, a metaphor states that A is B or substitutes B for A.
metonymyA figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated, as in the use of Washington for the United States government or of the sword for military power.
miscreant1 Utterly reprehensible in nature or behavior 2 A person without moral scruples
mordantA. 1. Bitingly sarcastic: mordant satire. 2. Incisive and trenchant: an inquisitor's mordant questioning. B. Bitingly painful. C. Serving to fix colors in dyeing.
multifariousHaving great variety; diverse. Consisting of a number of different kinds.
nadirThe lowest point; an extreme state of adversity
nascentComing into existence; emerging
nefariousInfamous by way of being extremely wicked
neotericrecent in origin
nepentheA drug mentioned in the Odyssey as a remedy for grief. Something that induces forgetfulness of sorrow or eases pain. Nepenthean - adj. (nĭ-pĕn'thē)
nesciencelack of knowledge or awareness: ignorance; the doctrine that nothing is truly knowable
nexus1. A means of connection; a link or tie: “this nexus between New York's . . . real-estate investors and its . . . politicians” 2. A connected series or group. 3. The core or center: “The real nexus of the money culture [was] Wall Street” (Bill Barol).
niggardlyGrudging and petty in giving or spending. Meanly small; scanty or meager.
nigrescence1. The process of becoming black or dark. 2. Blackness or darkness, as of complexion.
nimietyThe state of being too much.
nolens volensWhether unwilling or willing
nonplusTo put at a loss as to what to think, say, or do; bewilder.
nugatoryContemptibly unimportant
obloquy1. Abusively detractive language or utterance; calumny: “I have had enough obloquy for one lifetime” (Anthony Eden). 2. The condition of disgrace suffered as a result of abuse or vilification; ill repute.
obsidianblack, blackish
odoriferousHaving or giving off an odor
oneiric\oh-NY-rik\ Of, pertaining to, or suggestive of dreams
opprobrium1. Disgrace arising from exceedingly shameful conduct; ignominy. 2. Scornful reproach or contempt: a term of opprobrium. 3. A cause of shame or disgrace.
otiose1 lacking use or effect, functionless. 2 being at leisure, idle. 3 sterile, futile
pablumTrite, insipid, or simplistic writing, speech, or conceptualization
pallorunusual or extreme paleness
paltroonA base coward; An ignoble, uncourageous person
PanglossianBlindly or naively optimistic.
parsimoniousExcessively sparing or frugal; stingy
parturient1. About to bring forth young; being in labor. 2. Of or relating to giving birth. 3. About to produce or come forth with something, such as an idea or a discovery.
patinaA superficial layer
patoisA regional dialect, especially one without a literary tradition, The special jargon of a group
paucitySmallness of number, Scarcity, dearth
penuriousextremely frugal; stingy
peremptory1. Putting an end to all debate or action: a peremptory decree. 2. Not allowing contradiction or refusal; imperative: The officer issued peremptory commands. 3. Having the nature of or expressing a command; urgent: The teacher spoke in a peremptory tone. 4. Offensively self-assured; dictatorial: a swaggering, peremptory manner.
perfervidmarked by overwrought or exaggerated emotion: excessively fervent
perfidiousNot true to duty or obligation
perfidyBetrayal, especially of a moral obligation. Willful betrayal of fidelity, confidence, or trust
permabulateTo walk leisurely, to inspect on foot.
perorate1. To conclude a speech with a formal recapitulation. 2. To speak at great length, often in a grandiloquent manner; declaim.
plauditEnthusiastic expression of praise or approval
plenipotentiaryInvested with or conferring full powers
pleonasm1. The use of more words than are necessary to express an idea; as, "I saw it with my own eyes." 2. An instance or example of pleonasm. 3. A superfluous word or expression.
plumageThe covering of feathers on a bird. Feathers used ornamentally. Elaborate dress; finery.
prattleTo talk or chatter idly or meaninglessly
preambleAn introductory statement.
presageAn indication or warning of a future occurrence; an omen. A feeling or intuition of what is going to occur; a presentiment. Prophetic significance or meaning.
prescienceKnowledge of actions or events before they occur Unusual or creative discernment or perception
prescientperceiving the significance of events before they occur
prestidigitation1. Performance of or skill in performing magic or conjuring tricks with the hands; sleight of hand. 2. A show of skill or deceitful cleverness.
profundity1. Great depth. 2. Depth of intellect, feeling, or meaning. 3. Something profound or abstruse.
proleproletarian
prolix1. Tediously prolonged; wordy: editing a prolix manuscript. 2. Tending to speak or write at excessive length
protean1. Readily taking on varied shapes, forms, or meanings. 2. Exhibiting considerable variety or diversity:
provenanceA point of origination
puerileBelonging to childhood; juvenile. Immature; childish.
pukka1. Authentic; genuine. 2. Good of its kind; first-class.
punctiliousStrictly attentive to minute details of form in action or conduct. Precise; scrupulous.
pusillanimousLacking courage; cowardly
quislingA traitor who serves as the puppet of the enemy occupying his or her country.
quotidian1. Everyday; commonplace: “There's nothing quite like a real . . . train conductor to add color to a quotidian commute” (Anita Diamant). 2. Recurring daily. Used especially of attacks of malaria.
rapacious1. Taking by force; plundering. 2. Greedy; ravenous. See synonyms at voracious. 3. Subsisting on live prey.
rapineForcible seizure of another's property (rah'pihn)
ratiocinateTo reason methodically and logically
rebarbativeTending to irritate; repellent
recondite1. Not easily understood; abstruse 2. Concerned with or treating something abstruse or obscure:
revelryThe act of showing joyful satisfaction in an event: Joyful, exuberant activity:
rictusThe expanse of an open mouth, a bird's beak, or similar structure. A gaping grimace
risible1. Relating to laughter or used in eliciting laughter. 2. Eliciting laughter; ludicrous. 3. Capable of laughing or inclined to laugh.
rondelayA poem with a refrain repeated frequently or at fixed intervals, as in a rondel.
roseate1. Rose-colored: the roseate glow of dawn. 2. Cheerful or bright; optimistic: a roseate outlook.
rueverb. To feel or express sorrow for noun. A feeling of regret for one's sins or misdeeds
rusticateto go or send to the country
salmagundi1. A salad plate usually consisting of chopped meat, anchovies, eggs, and onions, served with oil and vinegar. 2 Any mixture or assortment; a medley; a potpourri; a miscellany.
salubriousConducive or favorable to health or well-being.
sardonicMarked by or displaying contemptuous mockery of the motives or virtues of others. disdainfully or ironically humorous
satori(Zen Buddhism) a state of sudden spiritual enlightenment
saturnineBroodingly and sullenly unhappy; Melancholy or sullen; Having or marked by a tendency to be bitter or sardonic.
saunterTo walk at a leisurely pace; stroll.
schadenfreudePleasure derived from the misfortunes of others.
sciolismA pretentious attitude of scholarship; superficial knowledgeability (sciolist)
screedA long monotonous speech or piece of writing.
scurrilousGiven to the use of vulgar, coarse, or abusive language; foul-mouthed. Expressed in vulgar, coarse, and abusive language. Expressing offensive reproach
sedulousPersevering and constant in effort or application
sentientHaving sense perception; conscious. Experiencing sensation or feeling.
sibilantOf, characterized by, or producing a hissing sound like that of (s) or (sh)
simianadj. Relating to, characteristic of, or resembling an ape or a monkey. n. An ape or a monkey.
simileA figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared, often in a phrase introduced by like or as, as in “How like the winter hath my absence been” or “So are you to my thoughts as food to life” (Shakespeare).
sobriquetAn affectionate or humorous nickname. An assumed name.
solecism1. A nonstandard usage or grammatical construction; also, a minor blunder in speech. 2. A breach of good manners or etiquette. 3. Any inconsistency, mistake, or impropriety.
solipsism1. The theory that the self is the only thing that can be known and verified. 2. The theory or view that the self is the only reality.
sough[sau] v. To make a soft murmuring or rustling sound. n. A soft murmuring or rustling sound, as of the wind or a gentle surf.
spate1. A sudden flood, rush, or outpouring: efflux, gush, outflow, outpour, outpouring. 2. Something suggestive of running water: current, drift, flood, flow, flux, rush, stream, surge, tide. 3. An abundant, usually overwhelming flow or fall, as of a river or rain: alluvion, cataclysm, cataract, deluge, downpour, flood, freshet, inundation, Niagara, overflow, torrent. See big/small/amount.
striplingan adolescent youth
stultifyto render ineffective, inefficient. To cause being dumber.
stygianGloomy and dark. Infernal; hellish.
superciliousdisdainfully arrogant; haughtily contemptuous
supervenientNot part of the real or essential nature of a thing
suss1. To infer or discover; figure out: “I think I'm good at sussing out what's going on” 2. To size up; study: “Suss out the designers in whom you are interested”
synecdocheA figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole (as hand for sailor), the whole for a part (as the law for police officer), the specific for the general (as cutthroat for assassin), the general for the specific (as thief for pickpocket), or the material for the thing made from it (as steel for sword).
temerityunreasonable or foolhardy contempt of danger
timorousFull of apprehensiveness. Easily frightened.
tocsin1. An alarm bell, or the ringing of a bell for the purpose of alarm. 2. A warning.
transmogrifyTo change into a different shape or form, especially one that is fantastic or bizarre.
triumviraterule by three men
truancyThe act or condition of being absent without permission.
truculenceA disposition or apparent disposition to fight, especially fiercely. Ferociously cruel actions or behavior.
turgidExcessively ornate or complex in style or language Swollen or distended, as from a fluid
turpitudeConduct that is unjust, depraved, or shameful; that which is contrary to justice, modesty, or good morals.
ululateTo howl, wail, or lament loudly.
umbrageOffense; resentment, insult
unctuousCharacterized by affected, exaggerated, or insincere earnestness
unhamperedNot slowed or blocked or interfered with. Not held in check or subject to control.
unremittingNever slackening; persistent
untrammeledNot limited or restricted; unrestrained.
vagaryAn impulsive, often illogical turn of mind; an erratic, extravagant or unpredictable manifestation, action or notion
varicoloredhaving a variety of colors
venal1a. Open to bribery; mercenary: a venal police officer. 1b. Capable of betraying honor, duty, or scruples for a price; corruptible. 2. Marked by corrupt dealings, especially bribery: a venal administration. 3. Obtainable for a price.
visceral"Relating to, situated in, or affecting the viscera.
vitiateTo corrupt morally; debase. To reduce the value or impair the quality of. To make ineffective; invalidate.
vituperativeAdj. Using, containing, or marked by harshly abusive censure
wagA humorous or droll person
zaftig1. Full-bosomed. 2. Having a full, shapely figure.
virago1. A woman regarded as noisy, scolding, or domineering. 2. A large, strong, courageous woman. 3. A person, traditionally a woman, who persistently nags or criticizes
termagantA quarrelsome, scolding woman; a shrew.
equivocate1. To use evasive or deliberately vague language. 2 To stray from truthfulness or sincerity.
prurient"A. Inordinately interested in matters of sex; lascivious.
numinous1. Of or relating to a numen; supernatural. 2. Filled with or characterized by a sense of a supernatural presence: a numinous place. 3. Spiritually elevated; sublime.
indefatigableHaving or showing a capacity for protracted effort, regardless of difficulty or frustration
dystopia1. An imaginary place or state in which the condition of life is extremely bad, as from deprivation, oppression, or terror. 2. A work describing such a place or state: “dystopias such as Brave New World”.
pervicaciouswillful; refractory, very stubborn, obstinate
refractory1. Obstinately resistant to authority or control. 2. Difficult to melt or work; resistant to heat: a refractory material such as silica. 3. Resistant to treatment: a refractory case of acne.
stentorianMarked by extremely high volume and intensity of sound
denouement1. A. The final resolution or clarification of a dramatic or narrative plot. B. The events following the climax of a drama or novel in which such a resolution or clarification takes place. 2. The outcome of a sequence of events; the end result. (dā'nū-mäN')
morass1. An area of low-lying, soggy ground. 2. Something that hinders, engulfs, or overwhelms: a morass of details.
pyre1. A heap of combustibles for burning a corpse as a funeral rite. 2. A pile of combustibles.
effluentSomething that flows out or forth, especially: 1. A stream flowing out of a body of water. 2. An outflow from a sewer or sewage system. 3. A discharge of liquid waste, as from a factory or nuclear plant.
shibboleth1. A word or pronunciation that distinguishes people of one group or class from those of another.2. A. A word or phrase identified with a particular group or cause; a catchword. B. A commonplace saying or idea. 3. A custom or practice that betrays one as an outsider.
endemicPrevalent in or peculiar to a particular locality, region, or people
saturnaliaA celebration marked by unrestrained revelry and often licentiousness. (Saturn - Roman god of agriculture)
circuitousBeing or taking a roundabout, lengthy course
riparianof or pertaining to the bank of a river
vade mecum1. A useful thing that one constantly carries about. 2. A book, such as a guidebook, for ready reference.
fulminate1. To issue a thunderous verbal attack or denunciation: fulminated against political chicanery. 2. To explode or detonate.
staid1. Characterized by sedate dignity and often a strait-laced sense of propriety; sober. See synonyms at serious. 2. Fixed; permanent:
commodiousSpacious; roomy
mendacity1. The condition of being mendacious; untruthfulness. 2. A lie; a falsehood.
improvidentlacking foresight
profligate1. Lacking in moral restraint 2. Recklessly wasteful; wildly extravagant
carewornShowing the effects of worry, anxiety, or burdensome responsibility
erstwhileadv., adj. In the past; at a former time; formerly; former
malodorousHaving a bad odor
attenuateReduced or weakened, as in strength, value, or virulence
ossify1 To change into bone; become bony. 2 To become set in a rigidly conventional pattern
deracinate1. To pull out by the roots; uproot. 2. To displace from one's native or accustomed environment.
extirpate1. To pull up by the roots. 2. To destroy totally; exterminate. 3. To remove by surgery.
benumb1. To make numb, especially by cold. 2. To make inactive; dull
allay1. To reduce the intensity of 2. To calm or pacify; set to rest
gambolTo leap about playfully; frolic.
perorate1. To conclude a speech with a formal recapitulation. 2. To speak at great length, often in a grandiloquent manner; declaim.
wayfaringTraveling, especially on foot.
peripateticadj., n. Walking about or from place to place; traveling on foot.
concinnity1. Harmony in the arrangement or interarrangement of parts with respect to a whole. 2. Studied elegance and facility in style of expression 3. An instance of harmonious arrangement or studied elegance and facility.
inconcinnousunsuitable; discordant, dissimilar; incongruous
concinnateto arrange or blend together skillfully, as parts or elements; put together in a harmonious, precisely appropriate, or elegant manner.
obstreperous1. Noisily and stubbornly defiant. 2. Aggressively boisterous.
importunateTroublesomely urgent or persistent in requesting; pressingly entreating
welter1. A confused mass; a jumble: a welter of papers and magazines. 2. Confusion; turmoil.
syncretism1. Reconciliation or fusion of differing systems of belief, as in philosophy or religion, especially when success is partial or the result is heterogeneous. 2. Linguistics. The merging of two or more originally different inflectional forms.
ken1. Perception; understanding. 2a Range of vision. 2b View; sight.
facile1. Done or achieved with little effort or difficulty; easy. See synonyms at easy. 2. Working, acting, or speaking with effortless ease and fluency. 3. Arrived at without due care, effort, or examination; superficial: proposed a facile solution to a complex problem. 4. Readily manifested, together with an aura of insincerity and lack of depth: a facile slogan devised by politicians.
obviateTo anticipate and dispose of effectively; render unnecessary.
prevaricate1. To stray from truthfulness or sincerity 2. To make untrue declarations
somnolent1. Drowsy; sleepy. 2. Inducing or tending to induce sleep
inveterate1. Firmly and long established; deep-rooted: inveterate preferences. 2. Persisting in an ingrained habit; habitual: an inveterate liar.
unfurlTo spread or open (something) out or become spread or opened out.
virtu(vər-tū') 1. A knowledge or love of or taste for fine objects of art. 2. Objects of art, especially fine antique objets d'art, considered as a group.
febrile(fĕb'rəl) Of, relating to, or characterized by fever; feverish.
wanadj. 1. Unnaturally pale, as from physical or emotional distress. 2. Suggestive or indicative of weariness, illness, or unhappiness; melancholy: a wan expression. v. To become pale.
prow1. Nautical. The forward part of a ship's hull; the bow. 2. A projecting forward part, such as the front end of a ski.
putativecommonly believed; assumed to be such
lucubrateTo write in a scholarly fashion; produce scholarship. To apply one's mind to the acquisition or production of knowledge.
elucubration1. The act or process of elucubrating (Producing a written work by working long and diligently.) 2. A written work produced by elucubrating. v. to elucubrate - To work out or express by studious effort; to burn the midnight oil
lucubratoryComposed by candlelight, or by night; of or pertaining to night studies; laborious or painstaking.
dotagefeebleness of mind due to old age.
phatic[Parts of] speech used to share feelings or to establish a mood of sociability rather than to communicate information or ideas.
cynosure1. Center of attention and admiration. 2. Something that serves to guide.
flounce1a. To move in a lively or bouncy manner: The children flounced around the room in their costumes. 1b. To move with exaggerated or affected motions: flounced petulantly out of the house. 2. To move clumsily; flounder.
evinceTo show or demonstrate clearly; manifest
pall1. A cover for a coffin, bier, or tomb. A coffin. 2a v.intr. To become insipid, boring, or wearisome. 2b To have a dulling, wearisome, or boring effect. 2c To become cloyed or satiated. 3a v.tr. To cloy; satiate. 3b To make vapid or wearisome.
ennui(ŏn-wē') Listlessness and dissatisfaction resulting from lack of interest; boredom
ennead(ĕn'ē-ăd') A group or a set of nine
scatology1. The study of fecal excrement, as in medicine, paleontology, or biology. 2a An obsession with excrement or excretory functions. 2b The psychiatric study of such an obsession. 3. Obscene language or literature, especially that dealing pruriently or humorously with excrement and excretory functions.
approbation1. An expression of warm approval; praise. 2. Official approval.
opprobrium1. Disgrace arising from exceedingly shameful conduct; ignominy. 2. Scornful reproach or contempt: a term of opprobrium. 3. A cause of shame or disgrace.
accede1. To give one's consent, often at the insistence of another; concede. See synonyms at assent. 2. To arrive at or come into an office or dignity: accede to the throne. 3. To become a party to an agreement or treaty.
inkhornCharacterized by a narrow concern for book learning and formal rules, without knowledge or experience of practical matters
rive(rived, riven) 1. To rend or tear apart. 2. To break into pieces, as by a blow; cleave or split asunder. 3. To break or distress (the spirit, for example).
skullduggeryCrafty deception or trickery or an instance of it.
slake1. To satisfy (a craving); quench: slaked her thirst. 2. To lessen the force or activity of; moderate: slaking his anger. 3. To cool or refresh by wetting or moistening.
eximiousSelect; choice; hence, extraordinary, excellent
temulentIntoxicated, drunken
kedogenousbrought about by worry, or anxiety
exigence1. The condition of being in need of immediate assistance. 2. A condition in which something necessary or desirable is required or wanted. 3. A decisive point. 4. Something asked for or needed.
lopeTo run or ride with a steady, easy gait
disconsolate1. Seeming beyond consolation; extremely dejected. 2. Cheerless; gloomy.
tendril1. A twisting, threadlike structure by which a twining plant, such as a grape or cucumber, grasps an object or a plant for support. 2. Something, such as a ringlet of hair, that is long, slender, and curling.
wheedle1. To persuade or attempt to persuade by flattery or guile; cajole. 2. To obtain through the use of flattery or guile.
expiateTo make amends or reparation for; atone.
effusive1. Unrestrained or excessive in emotional expression; gushy: an effusive manner. 2. Profuse; overflowing: effusive praise.
immolate1. To kill as a sacrifice. 2. To kill (oneself) by fire. 3. To destroy.
dankDisagreeably damp or humid.
lecternA stand that serves as a support for the notes or books of a speaker.
glowerglare, scowl. Idioms: look daggers at
trundlen. 1. A small wheel or roller. 2. The motion or noise of rolling. 3. A trundle bed. 4. A low-wheeled cart; a dolly. v.tr. 1. To push or propel on wheels or rollers. 2. Move heavily; of vehicles, such as streetcars
tremulantMarked by or affected with tremors
puleTo cry with soft, intermittent, often plaintive sounds
reticent1. Inclined to keep one's thoughts, feelings, and personal affairs to oneself. 2. Restrained or reserved in style. 3. Reluctant; unwilling.
derogateTo disparage; belittle
impassive1. Without emotion or interest. 2. With little or no emotion or expression. 3. Not capable of being affected or impressed.
untenable1. Being such that defense or maintenance is impossible. 2. Being such that occupation or habitation is impossible.
bifurcatev. To separate into two parts or branches; fork. adj. Forked or divided into two parts or branches, as the Y-shaped styles of certain flowers.
Punchinello1. The short fat buffoon or clown in an Italian puppet show. 2. One who resembles a short fat clown.
coxcombA conceited dandy; a fop.
magisterial1. A. Of, relating to, or characteristic of a master or teacher; authoritative: a magisterial account of the history of the English language. B. Sedately dignified in appearance or manner: “She would appear on the porch and reign over the street in magisterial beauty” (Harper Lee). 2. Dogmatic; overbearing: expounded on official protocol in magisterial tones.
bowdlerizeTo remove material that is considered offensive or objectionable from (a book, for example). (considered indelicate)
imprecateTo invoke evil upon; curse.
incarnadineAdj. 1. Of a fleshy pink color. 2. Blood-red. V. 3. To make incarnadine, especially to redden.
cavilv., -iled also -illed, -il·ing -il·ling, -ils -ils. v.intr. To find fault unnecessarily; raise trivial objections. v.tr. To quibble about; detect petty flaws in. n. A carping or trivial objection.
a priori1. Derived by or designating the process of reasoning without reference to particular facts or experience. 2. Knowable without appeal to particular experience.
immutableIncapable of changing or being modified
hew1. To cut something by repeated blows, as of an ax. 2. To adhere or conform strictly; hold: hew to the line.
extemporaneous1. Carried out or performed with little or no preparation; impromptu: an extemporaneous piano recital. 2. Prepared in advance but delivered without notes or text: an extemporaneous speech. 3. Skilled at or given to unrehearsed speech or performance: an accomplished extemporaneous speaker. 4. Provided, made, or adapted as an expedient; makeshift: an extemporaneous policy decision.
supine1. Lying on the back or having the face upward. 2. Having the palm upward. Used of the hand. 3. Marked by or showing lethargy, passivity, or blameworthy indifference. 4. Inclined; sloping.
Procrustean bedAn arbitrary standard to which exact conformity is forced.
garrulous1. Given to excessive and often trivial or rambling talk; tiresomely talkative. 2. Wordy and rambling: a garrulous speech.
engenderTo bring into existence; give rise to.
inscrutableIncapable of being grasped by the intellect or understanding
dissimulateTo change or modify so as to prevent recognition of the true identity or character of
overweening1. Presumptuously arrogant; overbearing. 2. Excessive; immoderate: overweening ambition.
virulent1. A. Extremely infectious, malignant, or poisonous. Used of a disease or toxin. B. Capable of causing disease by breaking down protective mechanisms of the host. Used of a pathogen. 2. Bitterly hostile or antagonistic; hateful: virulent criticism. See synonyms at poisonous. 3. Intensely irritating, obnoxious, or harsh.
redolent1. Having or emitting fragrance; aromatic. 2. Suggestive; reminiscent
diktat1. A harsh, unilaterally imposed settlement with a defeated party. 2. An authoritative or dogmatic statement or decree.