| Mitosis | The sequential differentiation and segregation of replicated chromosomes in a cell’s nucleus that precedes complete cell division |
| Model | A description, analogy or a representation of something that helps us understand it better (e.g., a physical model, a conceptual model, a mathematical model). |
| Niche | Niche The role played by an organism in an ecosystem; its food preferences, requirements for shelter, special behaviors and the timing of its activities (e.g., nocturnal, diurnal), interaction with other organisms and its habitat |
| Nonpoint source pollution | Contamination that originates from many locations that all discharge into a location (e.g., a lake, stream, land area) |
| Nonrenewable resources | Substances (e.g., oil, gas, coal, copper, gold) that, once used, cannot be replaced in this geological age |
| Nova | A variable star that suddenly increases in brightness to several times its normal magnitude and returns to its original appearance in a few weeks to several months or years |
| Patterns | Repeated processes that are exhibited in a wide variety of ways; identifiable recurrences of the element and/or the form |
| Pest | A label applied to an organism when it is in competition with humans for some resource |
| Physical technology | The ways that humans construct, manufacture and transport products |
| Point source pollution | Pollutants discharged from a single identifiable location (e.g., pipes, ditches, channels, sewers, tunnels, container of various types). |
| Radioactive isotope | An atom that gives off nuclear radiation and has the same number of protons (atomic number) as another atom but a different number of neutrons |
| Recycling | Collecting and reprocessing a resource or product to make into new products |
| Regulation | A rule or order issued by an executive authority or regulatory agency of a government and having the force of law |
| Renewable | A naturally occurring raw material or form of energy that will be replenished through natural ecological cycles or sound management practice (e.g., the sun, wind, water, trees). |
| Risk management | A strategy developed to reduce or control the chance of harm or loss to one’s health or life; the process of identifying, evaluating, selecting and implementing actions to reduce risk to human health and to ecosystems |
| Scale | Relates concepts and ideas to one another by some measurement (e.g., quantitative, numeral, abstract, ideological); provides a measure of size and/or incremental change |
| Science | Search for understanding the natural world using inquiry and experimentation |
| Shredder | Through chewing and/or grinding, microorganisms feed on non-woody coarse particulate matter. primarily leaves |
| Stream order | Streamorder Energy and nutrient flow that increases as water moves toward the oceans (e.g., the smallest stream (primary) that ends when rivers flow into oceans) |
| Succession | The series of changes that occur in an ecosystem with the passing of time |
| Technological design process | Recognizing the problem, proposing a solution, implementing the solution, evaluating the solution and communicating the problem, design and solution |
| Technology education | The application of tools, materials, processes and systems to solve problems and extend human capabilities |
| Theory of evolution | A theory that the various types of animals and plants have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modification in successive generations |
| Theory | Systematically organized knowledge applicable in a relatively wide variety of circumstances; especially, a system of assumptions, accepted principles and rules of procedure devised to analyze, predict or otherwise explain the nature or behavior of a specified set of phenomena |
| Tool | Any device used to extend human capability including computer-based tools |
| Topographic map | A representation of a region on a sufficient scale to show detail, selected man-made and natural features of a portion of the land surface including its relief and certain physical and cultural features; the portrayal of the position, relation, size, shape and elevation of the area |
| Transportation systems | A group of related parts that function together to perform a major task in any form of transportation |
| Transportation technology | The physical ways humans move materials, goods and people |
| Trophic levels | The role of an organism in nutrient and energy flow within an ecosystem (e.g., herbivore, carnivore, and decomposer) |
| Waste stream | The flow of (waste) materials from generation, collection and separation to disposal |
