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Flashcards: GRE Word List

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abase	v. To lower in position, estimation, or the like; degrade.
abbess	n. The lady superior of a nunnery.
abbey	n. The group of buildings which collectively form the dwelling-place of a society of monks or nuns.
abbot	n. The superior of a community of monks.
abdicate	v. To give up (royal power or the like).

abdomen	n. In mammals, the visceral cavity between the diaphragm and the pelvic floor; the belly.
abdominal	n. Of, pertaining to, or situated on the abdomen.
abduction	n. A carrying away of a person against his will, or illegally.
abed	adv. In bed; on a bed.
aberration	n. Deviation from a right, customary, or prescribed course.

abet	v. To aid, promote, or encourage the commission of (an offense).
abeyance	n. A state of suspension or temporary inaction.
abhorrence	n. The act of detesting extremely.
abhorrent	adj. Very repugnant; hateful.
abidance	n. An abiding.

abject	adj. Sunk to a low condition.
abjure	v. To recant, renounce, repudiate under oath.
able-bodied	adj. Competent for physical service.
ablution	n. A washing or cleansing, especially of the body.
abnegate	v. To renounce (a right or privilege).

abnormal	adj. Not conformed to the ordinary rule or standard.
abominable	adj. Very hateful.
abominate	v. To hate violently.
abomination	n. A very detestable act or practice.
aboriginal	adj. Primitive; unsophisticated.

aborigines	n. The original of earliest known inhabitants of a country.
aboveboard	adv. & adj. Without concealment, fraud, or trickery.
abrade	v. To wear away the surface or some part of by friction.
abrasion	n. That which is rubbed off.
abridge	v. To make shorter in words, keeping the essential features, leaning out minor particles.

abridgment	n. A condensed form as of a book or play.
abrogate	v. To abolish, repeal.
abrupt	adj. Beginning, ending, or changing suddenly or with a break.
abscess	n. A Collection of pus in a cavity formed within some tissue of the body.
abscission	n. The act of cutting off, as in a surgical operation.

abscond	v. To depart suddenly and secretly, as for the purpose of escaping arrest.
absence	n. The fact of not being present or available.
absent-minded	adj. Lacking in attention to immediate surroundings or business.
absolution	n. Forgiveness, or passing over of offenses.
absolve	v. To free from sin or its penalties.

absorb	v. To drink in or suck up, as a sponge absorbs water.
absorption	n. The act or process of absorbing.
abstain	v. To keep oneself back (from doing or using something).
abstemious	adj. Characterized by self denial or abstinence, as in the use of drink, food.
abstinence	n. Self denial.

abstruse	adj. Dealing with matters difficult to be understood.
absurd	adj. Inconsistent with reason or common sense.
abundant	adj. Plentiful.
abusive	adj. Employing harsh words or ill treatment.
abut	v. To touch at the end or boundary line.

abyss	n. Bottomless gulf.
academic	adj. Of or pertaining to an academy, college, or university.
academician	n. A member of an academy of literature, art, or science.
academy	n. Any institution where the higher branches of learning are taught.
accede	v. To agree.

accelerate	v. To move faster.
accept	v. To take when offered.
access	n. A way of approach or entrance; passage.
accessible	adj. Approachable.
accession	n. Induction or elevation, as to dignity, office, or government.

accessory	n. A person or thing that aids the principal agent.
acclaim	v. To utter with a shout.
accommodate	v. To furnish something as a kindness or favor.
accompaniment	n. A subordinate part or parts, enriching or supporting the leading part.
accompanist	n. One who or that which accompanies.

accompany	v. To go with, or be associated with, as a companion.
accomplice	n. An associate in wrong-doing.
accomplish	v. To bring to pass.
accordion	n. A portable free-reed musical instrument.
accost	v. To speak to.

account	n. A record or statement of receipts and expenditures, or of business transactions.
accouter	v. To dress.
accredit	v. To give credit or authority to.
accumulate	v. To become greater in quantity or number.
accuracy	n. Exactness.

accurate	adj. Conforming exactly to truth or to a standard.
accursed	adj. Doomed to evil, misery, or misfortune.
accusation	n. A charge of crime, misdemeanor, or error.
accusatory	adj. Of, pertaining to, or involving an accusation.
accuse	v. To charge with wrong doing, misconduct, or error.

accustom	v. To make familiar by use.
acerbity	n. Sourness, with bitterness and astringency.
acetate	n. A salt of acetic acid.
acetic	adj. Of, pertaining to, or of the nature of vinegar.
ache	v. To be in pain or distress.

Achillean	adj. Invulnerable.
achromatic	adj. Colorless,
acid	n. A sour substance.
acidify	v. To change into acid.
acknowledge	v. To recognize; to admit the genuineness or validity of.

acknowledgment	n. Recognition.
acme	n. The highest point, or summit.
acoustic	adj. Pertaining to the act or sense of hearing.
acquaint	v. To make familiar or conversant.
acquiesce	v. To comply; submit.

acquiescence	n. Passive consent.
acquire	v. To get as one's own.
acquisition	n. Anything gained, or made one's own, usually by effort or labor.
acquit	v. To free or clear, as from accusation.
acquittal	n. A discharge from accusation by judicial action.

acquittance	n. Release or discharge from indebtedness, obligation, or responsibility.
acreage	n. Quantity or extent of land, especially of cultivated land.
acrid	adj. Harshly pungent or bitter.
acrimonious	adj. Full of bitterness.
acrimony	n. Sharpness or bitterness of speech or temper.

actionable	adj. Affording cause for instituting an action, as trespass, slanderous words.
actuality	n. Any reality.
actuary	n. An officer, as of an insurance company, who calculates and states the risks and premiums.
actuate	v. To move or incite to action.
acumen	n. Quickness of intellectual insight, or discernment; keenness of discrimination.

acute	adj. Having fine and penetrating discernment.
adamant	n. Any substance of exceeding hardness or impenetrability.
addendum	n. Something added, or to be added.
addle	v. To make inefficient or worthless; muddle.
adduce	v. To bring forward or name for consideration.

adhere	v. To stick fast or together.
adherence	n. Attachment.
adherent	adj. Clinging or sticking fast.
adhesion	n. The state of being attached or joined.
adieu	inter. Good-by; farewell.

adjacency	n. The state of being adjacent.
adjacent	n. That which is near or bordering upon.
adjudge	v. To award or bestow by formal decision.
adjunct	n. Something joined to or connected with another thing, but holding a subordinate place.
adjuration	n. A vehement appeal.

adjutant	adj. Auxiliary.
administrator	n. One who manages affairs of any kind.
admissible	adj. Having the right or privilege of entry.
admittance	n. Entrance, or the right or permission to enter.
admonish	v. To warn of a fault.

admonition	n. Gentle reproof.
ado	n. unnecessary activity or ceremony.
adoration	n. Profound devotion.
adroit	adj. Having skill in the use of the bodily or mental powers.
adulterant	n. An adulterating substance.

adulterate	v. To make impure by the admixture of other or baser ingredients.
adumbrate	v. To represent beforehand in outline or by emblem.
advent	n. The coming or arrival, as of any important change, event, state, or personage.
adverse	adj. Opposing or opposed.
adversity	n. Misfortune.

advert	v. To refer incidentally.
advertiser	n. One who advertises, especially in newspapers.
advisory	adj. Not mandatory.
advocacy	n. The act of pleading a cause.
advocate	n. One who pleads the cause of another, as in a legal or ecclesiastical court.

aerial	adj. Of, pertaining to, or like the air.
aeronaut	n. One who navigates the air, a balloonist.
aeronautics	n. the art or practice of flying aircraft
aerostat	n. A balloon or other apparatus floating in or sustained by the air.
aerostatics	n. The branch of pneumatics that treats of the equilibrium, pressure, and mechanical properties.

affable	adj. Easy to approach.
affect	v. To act upon
affectation	n. A studied or ostentatious pretense or attempt.
affiliate	n. Some auxiliary person or thing.
affirmative	adj. Answering yes; to a question at issue.

affix	v. To fasten.
affluence	n. A profuse or abundant supply of riches.
affront	n. An open insult or indignity.
afire	adv. & adj. On fire, literally or figuratively.
afoot	adv. In progress.

aforesaid	adj. Said in a preceding part or before.
afresh	adv. Once more, after rest or interval.
afterthought	n. A thought that comes later than its appropriate or expected time.
agglomerate	v. To pile or heap together.
aggrandize	v. To cause to appear greatly.

aggravate	v. To make heavier, worse, or more burdensome.
aggravation	n. The fact of being made heavier or more heinous, as a crime , offense, misfortune, etc.
aggregate	n. The entire number, sum, mass, or quantity of something.
aggress	v. To make the first attack.
aggression	n. An unprovoked attack.

aggrieve	v. To give grief or sorrow to.
aghast	adj. Struck with terror and amazement.
agile	adj. Able to move or act quickly, physically, or mentally.
agitate	v. To move or excite (the feelings or thoughts).
agrarian	adj. Pertaining to land, especially agricultural land.

aide-de-camp	n. An officer who receives and transmits the orders of the general.
ailment	n. Slight sickness.
airy	adj. Delicate, ethereal.
akin	adj. Of similar nature or qualities.
alabaster	n. A white or delicately tinted fine-grained gypsum.

alacrity	n. Cheerful willingness.
albeit	conj. Even though.
albino	n. A person with milky white skin and hair, and eyes with bright red pupil and usually pink iris.
album	n. A book whose leaves are so made to form paper frames for holding photographs or the like.
alchemy	n. Chemistry of the middle ages, characterized by the pursuit of changing base metals to gold.

alcohol	n. A volatile, inflammable, colorless liquid of a penetrating odor and burning taste.
alcoholism	n. A condition resulting from the inordinate or persistent use of alcoholic beverages.
alcove	n. A covered recess connected with or at the side of a larger room.
alder	n. Any shrub or small tree of the genus Alumnus, of the oak family.
alderman	n. A member of a municipal legislative body, who usually exercises also certain judicial functions.

aldermanship	n. The dignity, condition, office, or term of office of an alderman.
alias	n. An assumed name.
alien	n. One who owes allegiance to a foreign government.
alienable	adj. Capable of being aliened or alienated, as lands.
alienate	v. To cause to turn away.

alienation	n. Estrangement.
aliment	n. That which nourishes.
alkali	n. Anything that will neutralize an acid, as lime, magnesia, etc.
allay	v. To calm the violence or reduce the intensity of; mitigate.
allege	v. To assert to be true, especially in a formal manner, as in court.

allegory	n. The setting forth of a subject under the guise of another subject of aptly suggestive likeness.
alleviate	v. To make less burdensome or less hard to bear.
alley	n. A narrow street, garden path, walk, or the like.
alliance	n. Any combination or union for some common purpose.
allot	v. To assign a definite thing or part to a certain person.

allotment	n. Portion.
allude	v. To refer incidentally, or by suggestion.
allusion	n. An indirect and incidental reference to something without definite mention of it.
alluvion	n. Flood.
ally	n. A person or thing connected with another, usually in some relation of helpfulness.

almanac	n. A series of tables giving the days of the week together with certain astronomical information.
aloof	adv. Not in sympathy with or desiring to associate with others.
altar	n. Any raised place or structure on which sacrifices may be offered or incense burned.
alter	v. To make change in.
alteration	n. Change or modification.

altercate	v. To contend angrily or zealously in words.
alternate	n. One chosen to act in place of another, in case of the absence or incapacity of that other.
alternative	n. Something that may or must exist, be taken or chosen, or done instead of something else.
altitude	n. Vertical distance or elevation above any point or base-level, as the sea.
alto	n. The lowest or deepest female voice or part.

altruism	n. Benevolence to others on subordination to self-interest.
altruist	n. One who advocates or practices altruism.
amalgam	n. An alloy or union of mercury with another metal.
amalgamate	v. To mix or blend together in a homogeneous body.
amateur	adj. Practicing an art or occupation for the love of it, but not as a profession.

amatory	adj. Designed to excite love.
ambidextrous	adj. Having the ability of using both hands with equal skill or ease.
ambiguous	adj. Having a double meaning.
ambitious	adj. Eagerly desirous and aspiring.
ambrosial	adj. Divinely sweet, fragrant, or delicious.

ambulance	n. A vehicle fitted for conveying the sick and wounded.
ambulate	v. To walk about
ambush	n. The act or state of lying concealed for the purpose of surprising or attacking the enemy.
ameliorate	v. To relieve, as from pain or hardship
amenable	adj. Willing and ready to submit.

Americanism	n. A peculiar sense in which an English word or phrase is used in the United States.
amicable	adj. Done in a friendly spirit.
amity	n. Friendship.
amorous	adj. Having a propensity for falling in love.
amorphous	adj. Without determinate shape.

amour	n. A love-affair, especially one of an illicit nature.
ampere	n. The practical unit of electric-current strength.
ampersand	n. The character &; and.
amphibious	adj. Living both on land and in water.
amphitheater	n. An edifice of elliptical shape, constructed about a central open space or arena.

amplitude	n. Largeness.
amply	adv. Sufficiently.
amputate	v. To remove by cutting, as a limb or some portion of the body.
amusement	n. Diversion.
anachronism	n. Anything occurring or existing out of its proper time.

anagram	n. The letters of a word or phrase so transposed as to make a different word or phrase.
analogous	adj. Corresponding (to some other) in certain respects, as in form, proportion, relations.
analogy	n. Reasoning in which from certain and known relations or resemblance others are formed.
analyst	n. One who analyzes or makes use of the analytical method.
analyze	v. To examine minutely or critically.

anarchy	n. Absence or utter disregard of government.
anathema	n. Anything forbidden, as by social usage.
anatomy	n. That branch of morphology which treats of the structure of organisms.
ancestry	n. One's ancestors collectively.
anecdote	n. A brief account of some interesting event or incident.

anemia	n. Deficiency of blood or red corpuscles.
anemic	adj. Affected with anemia.
anemometer	n. An instrument for measuring the force or velocity of wind.
anesthetic	adj. Pertaining to or producing loss of sensation.
anew	adv. Once more.

angelic	adj. Saintly.
Anglophobia	n. Hatred or dread of England or of what is English.
Anglo-Saxon	n. The entire English race wherever found, as in Europe, the United States, or India.
angular	adj. Sharp-cornered.
anhydrous	adj. Withered.

animadversion	n. The utterance of criticism or censure.
animadvert	v. To pass criticism or censure.
animalcule	n. An animal of microscopic smallness.
animate	v. To make alive.
animosity	n. Hatred.

annalist	n. Historian.
annals	n. A record of events in their chronological order, year by year.
annex	v. To add or affix at the end.
annihilate	v. To destroy absolutely.
annotate	v. To make explanatory or critical notes on or upon.

annual	adj. Occurring every year.
annuity	n. An annual allowance, payment, or income.
annunciation	n. Proclamation.
anode	n. The point where or path by which a voltaic current enters an electrolyte or the like.
anonymous	adj. Of unknown authorship.

antagonism	n. Mutual opposition or resistance of counteracting forces, principles, or persons.
Antarctic	adj. Pertaining to the south pole or the regions near it.
ante	v. In the game of poker, to put up a stake before the cards are dealt.
antecede	v. To precede.
antecedent	n. One who or that which precedes or goes before, as in time, place, rank, order, or causality.

antechamber	n. A waiting room for those who seek audience.
antedate	v. To assign or affix a date to earlier than the actual one.
antediluvian	adj. Of or pertaining to the times, things, events before the great flood in the days of Noah.
antemeridian	adj. Before noon.
antemundane	adj. Pertaining to time before the world's creation.

antenatal	adj. Occurring or existing before birth.
anterior	adj. Prior.
anteroom	n. A room situated before and opening into another, usually larger.
anthology	n. A collection of extracts from the writings of various authors.
anthracite	n. Hard coal.

anthropology	n. The science of man in general.
anthropomorphous	adj. Having or resembling human form.
antic	n. A grotesque, ludicrous, or fantastic action.
Antichrist	n. Any opponent or enemy of Christ, whether a person or a power.
anticlimax	n. A gradual or sudden decrease in the importance or impressiveness of what is said.

anticyclone	n. An atmospheric condition of high central pressure, with currents flowing outward.
antidote	n. Anything that will counteract or remove the effects of poison, disease, or the like.
antilogy	n. Inconsistency or contradiction in terms or ideas.
antipathize	v. To show or feel a feeling of antagonism, aversion, or dislike.
antiphon	n. A response or alteration of responses, generally musical.

antiphony	n. An anthem or other composition sung responsively.
antipodes	n. A place or region on the opposite side of the earth.
antiquary	n. One who collects and examines old things, as coins, books, medals, weapons, etc.
antiquate	v. To make old or out of date.
antique	adj. Pertaining to ancient times.

antiseptic	n. Anything that destroys or restrains the growth of putrefactive micro-organisms.
antislavery	adj. Opposed to human slavery.
antispasmodic	adj. Tending to prevent or relieve non-inflammatory spasmodic affections.
antistrophe	n. The inversion of terms in successive classes, as in "the home of joy and the joy of home".
antitoxin	n. A substance which neutralizes the poisonous products of micro-organisms.

antonym	n. A word directly opposed to another in meaning.
anxious	adj. Distressed in mind respecting some uncertain matter.
apathy	n. Insensibility to emotion or passionate feeling.
aperture	n. Hole.
apex	n. The highest point, as of a mountain.

aphorism	n. Proverb.
apiary	n. A place where bees are kept.
apogee	n. The climax.
apology	n. A disclaimer of intentional error or offense.
apostasy	n. A total departure from one's faith or religion.

apostate	adj. False.
apostle	n. Any messenger commissioned by or as by divine authority.
apothecary	n. One who keeps drugs for sale and puts up prescriptions.
apotheosis	n. Deification.
appall	v. To fill with dismay or horror.

apparent	adj. Easily understood.
apparition	n. Ghost.
appease	v. To soothe by quieting anger or indignation.
appellate	adj. Capable of being appealed to.
appellation	n. The name or title by which a particular person, class, or thing is called.

append	v. To add or attach, as something accessory, subordinate, or supplementary.
appertain	v. To belong, as by right, fitness, association, classification, possession, or natural relation.
apposite	adj. Appropriate.
apposition	n. The act of placing side by side, together, or in contact.
appraise	v. To estimate the money value of.

appreciable	adj. Capable of being discerned by the senses or intellect.
apprehend	v. To make a prisoner of (a person) in the name of the law.
apprehensible	adj. Capable of being conceived.
approbation	n. Sanction.
appropriate	adj. Suitable for the purpose and circumstances.

aqueduct	n. A water-conduit, particularly one for supplying a community from a distance.
aqueous	adj. Of, pertaining to, or containing water.
arbiter	n. One chosen or appointed, by mutual consent of parties in dispute, to decide matters.
arbitrary	adj. Fixed or done capriciously.
arbitrate	v. To act or give judgment as umpire.

arbor	n. A tree.
arboreal	adj. Of or pertaining to a tree or trees.
arborescent	adj. Having the nature of a tree.
arboretum	n. A botanical garden or place devoted to the cultivation of trees or shrubs.
arboriculture	n. The cultivation of trees or shrubs.

arcade	n. A vaulted passageway or street; a roofed passageway having shops, etc., opening from it.
archaic	adj. Antiquated
archaism	n. Obsolescence.
archangel	n. An angel of high rank.
archbishop	n. The chief of the bishops of an ecclesiastical province in the Greek, Roman, and Anglican church.

archdeacon	n. A high official administrator of the affairs of a diocese.
archaeology	n. The branch of anthropology concerned with the systematic investigation of the relics of man.
archetype	n. A prototype.
archipelago	n. Any large body of water studded with islands, or the islands collectively themselves.
ardent	adj. Burning with passion.

ardor	n. Intensity of passion or affection.
arid	adj. Very dry.
aristocracy	n. A hereditary nobility
aristocrat	n. A hereditary noble or one nearly connected with nobility.
armada	n. A fleet of war-vessels.

armful	n. As much as can be held in the arm or arms.
armory	n. An arsenal.
aroma	n. An agreeable odor.
arraign	v. To call into court, as a person indicted for crime, and demand whether he pleads guilty or not.
arrange	v. To put in definite or proper order.

arrangement	n. The act of putting in proper order, or the state of being put in order.
arrant	adj. Notoriously bad.
arrear	n. Something overdue and unpaid.
arrival	n. A coming to stopping-place or destination.
arrogant	adj. Unduly or excessively proud, as of wealth, station, learning, etc.

arrogate	v. To take, demand, or claim, especially presumptuously or without reasons or grounds.
Artesian	well n. A very deep bored well. water rises due to underground pressure
artful	adj. Characterized by craft or cunning.
Arthurian	adj. Pertaining to King Arthur, the real or legendary hero of British poetic story.
artifice	n. Trickery.

artless	adj. Ingenuous.
ascendant	adj. Dominant.
ascension	n. The act of rising.
ascent	n. A rising, soaring, or climbing.
ascetic	adj. Given to severe self-denial and practicing excessive abstinence and devotion.

ascribe	v. To assign as a quality or attribute.
asexual	adj. Having no distinct sexual organs.
ashen	adj. Pale.
askance	adv. With a side or indirect glance or meaning.
asperity	n. Harshness or roughness of temper.

aspirant	n. One who seeks earnestly, as for advancement, honors, place.
aspiration	n. An earnest wish for that which is above one's present reach.
aspire	v. To have an earnest desire, wish, or longing, as for something high and good, not yet attained.
assailant	n. One who attacks.
assassin	n. One who kills, or tries to kill, treacherously or secretly.

assassinate	v. To kill, as by surprise or secret assault, especially the killing of some eminent person.
assassination	n. Murderer, as by secret assault or treachery.
assay	n. The chemical analysis or testing of an alloy ore.
assent	v. To express agreement with a statement or matter of opinion.
assess	v. To determine the amount of (a tax or other sum to be paid).

assessor	n. An officer whose duty it is to assess taxes.
assets	n. pl. Property in general, regarded as applicable to the payment of debts.
assiduous	adj. Diligent.
assignee	n. One who is appointed to act for another in the management of certain property and interests.
assimilate	v. To adapt.

assonance	n. Resemblance or correspondence in sound.
assonant	adj. Having resemblance of sound.
assonate	v. To accord in sound, especially vowel sound.
assuage	v. To cause to be less harsh, violent, or severe, as excitement, appetite, pain, or disease.
astringent	adj. Harsh in disposition or character.

astute	adj. Keen in discernment.
atheism	n. The denial of the existence of God.
athirst	adj. Wanting water.
athwart	adv. From side to side.
atomizer	n. An apparatus for reducing a liquid to a fine spray, as for disinfection, inhalation, etc.

atone	v. To make amends for.
atonement	n. Amends, reparation, or expiation made from wrong or injury.
atrocious	adj. Outrageously or wantonly wicked, criminal, vile, or cruel.
atrocity	n. Great cruelty or reckless wickedness.
attache	n. A subordinate member of a diplomatic embassy.

attest	v. To certify as accurate, genuine, or true.
attorney-general	n. The chief law-officer of a government.
auburn	adj. Reddish-brown, said usually of the hair.
audacious	adj. Fearless.
audible	adj. Loud enough to be heard.

audition	n. The act or sensation of hearing.
auditory	adj. Of or pertaining to hearing or the organs or sense of hearing.
augment	v. To make bigger.
augur	v. To predict.
Augustinian	adj. Pertaining to St. Augustine, his doctrines, or the religious orders called after him.

aura	n. Pervasive psychic influence supposed to emanate from persons
aural	adj. Of or pertaining to the ear.
auricle	n. One of the two chambers of the heart which receives the blood from the veins.
auricular	adj. Of or pertaining to the ear, its auricle, or the sense of hearing.
auriferous	adj. Containing gold.

aurora	n. A luminous phenomenon in the upper regions of the atmosphere.
auspice	n. favoring, protecting, or propitious influence or guidance.
austere	adj. Severely simple; unadorned.
autarchy	n. Unrestricted power.
authentic	adj. Of undisputed origin.

authenticity	n. The state or quality of being genuine, or of the origin and authorship claimed.
autobiography	n. The story of one's life written by himself.
autocracy	n. Absolute government.
autocrat	n. Any one who claims or wields unrestricted or undisputed authority or influence.
automaton	n. Any living being whose actions are or appear to be involuntary or mechanical.

autonomous	adj. Self-governing.
autonomy	n. Self-government.
autopsy	n. The examination of a dead body by dissection to ascertain the cause of death.
autumnal	adj. Of or pertaining to autumn.
auxiliary	n. One who or that which aids or helps, especially when regarded as subsidiary or accessory.

avalanche	n. The fall or sliding of a mass of snow or ice down a mountain-slope, often bearing with it rock.
avarice	n. Passion for getting and keeping riches.
aver	v. To assert as a fact.
averse	adj. Reluctant.
aversion	n. A mental condition of fixed opposition to or dislike of some particular thing.

avert	v. To turn away or aside.
aviary	n. A spacious cage or enclosure in which live birds are kept.
avidity	n. Greediness.
avocation	n. Diversion.
avow	v. To declare openly.

awaken	v. To arouse, as emotion, interest, or the like.
awry	adv. & adj. Out of the proper form, direction, or position.
aye	adv. An expression of assent.
azalea	n. A flowering shrub.
azure	n. The color of the sky.

Baconian	adj. Of or pertaining to Lord Bacon or his system of philosophy.
bacterium	n. A microbe.
badger	v. To pester.
baffle	v. To foil or frustrate.
bailiff	n. An officer of court having custody of prisoners under arraignment.

baize	n. A single-colored napped woolen fabric used for table-covers, curtains, etc.
bale	n. A large package prepared for transportation or storage.
baleful	adj. Malignant.
ballad	n. Any popular narrative poem, often with epic subject and usually in lyric form.
balsam	n. A medical preparation, aromatic and oily, used for healing.

banal	adj. Commonplace.
barcarole	n. A boat-song of Venetian gondoliers.
barograph	n. An instrument that registers graphically and continuously the atmospheric pressure.
barometer	n. An instrument for indicating the atmospheric pressure per unit of surface.
barring	prep. Apart from.

baritone	adj. Having a register higher than bass and lower than tenor.
bask	v. To make warm by genial heat.
bass	adj. Low in tone or compass.
baste	v. To cover with melted fat, gravy, while cooking.
baton	n. An official staff borne either as a weapon or as an emblem of authority or privilege.

battalion	n. A body of infantry composed of two or more companies, forming a part of a regiment.
batten	n. A narrow strip of wood.
batter	n. A thick liquid mixture of two or more materials beaten together, to be used in cookery.
bauble	n. A trinket.
bawl	v. To proclaim by outcry.

beatify	v. To make supremely happy.
beatitude	n. Any state of great happiness.
beau	n. An escort or lover.
becalm	v. To make quiet.
beck	v. To give a signal to, by nod or gesture.

bedaub	v. To smear over, as with something oily or sticky.
bedeck	v. To cover with ornament.
bedlam	n. Madhouse.
befog	v. To confuse.
befriend	v. To be a friend to, especially when in need.

beget	v. To produce by sexual generation.
begrudge	v. To envy one of the possession of.
belate	v. To delay past the proper hour.
belay	v. To make fast, as a rope, by winding round a cleat.
belie	v. To misrepresent.

believe	v. To accept as true on the testimony or authority of others.
belittle	v. To disparage.
belle	n. A woman who is a center of attraction because of her beauty, accomplishments, etc.
bellicose	adj. Warlike.
belligerent	adj. Manifesting a warlike spirit.

bemoan	v. To lament
benediction	n. a solemn invocation of the divine blessing.
benefactor	n. A doer of kindly and charitable acts.
benefice	n. A church office endowed with funds or property for the maintenance of divine service.
beneficent	adj. Characterized by charity and kindness.

beneficial	adj. Helpful.
beneficiary	n. One who is lawfully entitled to the profits and proceeds of an estate or property.
benefit	n. Helpful result.
benevolence	n. Any act of kindness or well-doing.
benevolent	adj. Loving others and actively desirous of their well-being.

benign	adj. Good and kind of heart.
benignant	adj. Benevolent in feeling, character, or aspect.
benignity	n. Kindness of feeling, disposition, or manner.
benison	n. Blessing.
bequeath	v. To give by will.

bereave	v. To make desolate with loneliness and grief.
berth	n. A bunk or bed in a vessel, sleeping-car, etc.
beseech	v. To implore.
beset	v. To attack on all sides.
besmear	v. To smear over, as with any oily or sticky substance.

bestial	adj. Animal.
bestrew	v. To sprinkle or cover with things strewn.
bestride	v. To get or sit upon astride, as a horse.
bethink	v. To remind oneself.
betide	v. To happen to or befall.

betimes	adv. In good season or time.
betroth	v. To engage to marry.
betrothal	n. Engagement to marry.
bevel	n. Any inclination of two surfaces other than 90 degrees.
bewilder	v. To confuse the perceptions or judgment of.

bibliomania	n. The passion for collecting books.
bibliography	n. A list of the words of an author, or the literature bearing on a particular subject.
bibliophile	n. One who loves books.
bibulous	adj. Fond of drinking.
bide	v. To await.

biennial	n. A plant that produces leaves and roots the first year and flowers and fruit the second.
bier	n. A horizontal framework with two handles at each end for carrying a corpse to the grave.
bigamist	n. One who has two spouses at the same time.
bigamy	n. The crime of marrying any other person while having a legal spouse living.
bight	n. A slightly receding bay between headlands, formed by a long curve of a coast-line.

bilateral	adj. Two-sided.
bilingual	adj. Speaking two languages.
biograph	n. A bibliographical sketch or notice.
biography	n. A written account of one's life, actions, and character.
biology	n. The science of life or living organisms.

biped	n. An animal having two feet.
birthright	n. A privilege or possession into which one is born.
bitterness	n. Acridity, as to the taste.
blase	adj. Sated with pleasure.
blaspheme	v. To indulge in profane oaths.

blatant	adj. Noisily or offensively loud or clamorous.
blaze	n. A vivid glowing flame.
blazon	v. To make widely or generally known.
bleak	adj. Desolate.
blemish	n. A mark that mars beauty.

blithe	adj. Joyous.
blithesome	adj. Cheerful.
blockade	n. The shutting up of a town, a frontier, or a line of coast by hostile forces.
boatswain	n. A subordinate officer of a vessel, who has general charge of the rigging, anchors, etc.
bodice	n. A women's ornamental corset-shaped laced waist.

bodily	adj. Corporeal.
boisterous	adj. Unchecked merriment or animal spirits.
bole	n. The trunk or body of a tree.
bolero	n. A Spanish dance, illustrative of the passion of love, accompanied by caste nets and singing.
boll	n. A round pod or seed-capsule, as a flax or cotton.

bolster	v. To support, as something wrong.
bomb	n. A hollow projectile containing an explosive material.
bombard	v. To assail with any missile or with abusive speech.
bombardier	n. A person who has charge of mortars, bombs, and shells.
bombast	n. Inflated or extravagant language, especially on unimportant subjects.

boorish	adj. Rude.
bore	v. To weary by tediousness or dullness.
borough	n. An incorporated village or town.
bosom	n. The breast or the upper front of the thorax of a human being, especially of a woman.
botanical	adj. Connected with the study or cultivation of plants.

botanize	v. To study plant-life.
botany	n. The science that treats of plants.
bountiful	adj. Showing abundance.
Bowdlerize	v. To expurgate in editing (a literary composition) by omitting words or passages.
bowler	n. In cricket, the player who delivers the ball.

boycott	v. To place the products or merchandise of under a ban.
brae	n. Hillside.
braggart	n. A vain boaster.
brandish	v. To wave, shake, or flourish triumphantly or defiantly, as a sword or spear.
bravado	n. An aggressive display of boldness.

bravo	interj. Well done.
bray	n. A loud harsh sound, as the cry of an ass or the blast of a horn.
braze	v. To make of or ornament with brass.
brazier	n. An open pan or basin for holding live coals.
breach	n. The violation of official duty, lawful right, or a legal obligation.

breaker	n. One who trains horses, dogs, etc.
breech	n. The buttocks.
brethren	n. pl. Members of a brotherhood, gild, profession, association, or the like.
brevity	n. Shortness of duration.
bric-a-brac	n. Objects of curiosity or for decoration.

bridle	n. The head-harness of a horse consisting of a head-stall, a bit, and the reins.
brigade	n. A body of troops consisting of two or more regiments.
brigadier	n. General officer who commands a brigade, ranking between a colonel and a major-general.
brigand	n. One who lives by robbery and plunder.
brimstone	n. Sulfur.

brine	n. Water saturated with salt.
bristle	n. One of the coarse, stiff hairs of swine: used in brush-making, etc.
Britannia	n. The United Kingdom of Great Britain.
Briticism	n. A word, idiom, or phrase characteristic of Great Britain or the British.
brittle	adj. Fragile.

broach	v. To mention, for the first time.
broadcast	adj. Disseminated far and wide.
brogan	n. A coarse, heavy shoe.
brogue	n. Any dialectic pronunciation of English, especially that of the Irish people.
brokerage	n. The business of making sales and purchases for a commission; a broker.

bromine	n. A dark reddish-brown, non-metallic liquid element with a suffocating odor.
bronchitis	n. Inflammation of the bronchial tubes.
bronchus	n. Either of the two subdivisions of the trachea conveying air into the lungs.
brooch	n. An article of jewelry fastened by a hinged pin and hook on the underside.
brotherhood	n. Spiritual or social fellowship or solidarity.

browbeat	v. To overwhelm, or attempt to do so, by stern, haughty, or rude address or manner.
brusque	adj. Somewhat rough or rude in manner or speech.
buffoon	n. A clown.
buffoonery	n. Low drollery, coarse jokes, etc.
bulbous	adj. Of, or pertaining to, or like a bulb.

bullock	n. An ox.
bulrush	n. Any one of various tall rush-like plants growing in damp ground or water.
bulwark	n. Anything that gives security or defense.
bumper	n. A cup or glass filled to the brim, especially one to be drunk as a toast or health.
bumptious	adj. Full of offensive and aggressive self-conceit.

bungle	v. To execute clumsily.
buoyancy	n. Power or tendency to float on or in a liquid or gas.
buoyant	adj. Having the power or tendency to float or keep afloat.
bureau	n. A chest of drawers for clothing, etc.
bureaucracy	n. Government by departments of men transacting particular branches of public business.

burgess	n. In colonial times, a member of the lower house of the legislature of Maryland or Virginia.
burgher	n. An inhabitant, citizen or freeman of a borough burgh, or corporate town.
burnish	v. To make brilliant or shining.
bursar	n. A treasurer.
bustle	v. To hurry.

butt	v. To strike with or as with the head, or horns.
butte	n. A conspicuous hill, low mountain, or natural turret, generally isolated.
buttress	n. Any support or prop.
by-law	n. A rule or law adopted by an association, a corporation, or the like.
cabal	n. A number of persons secretly united for effecting by intrigue some private purpose.

cabalism	n. Superstitious devotion to one's religion.
cabinet	n. The body of men constituting the official advisors of the executive head of a nation.
cacophony	n. A disagreeable, harsh, or discordant sound or combination of sounds or tones.
cadaverous	adj. Resembling a corpse.
cadence	n. Rhythmical or measured flow or movement, as in poetry or the time and pace of marching troops.

cadenza	n. An embellishment or flourish, prepared or improvised, for a solo voice or instrument.
caitiff	adj. Cowardly.
cajole	v. To impose on or dupe by flattering speech.
cajolery	n. Delusive speech.
calculable	adj. That may be estimated by reckoning.

calculus	n. A concretion formed in various parts of the body resembling a pebble in hardness.
callosity	n. The state of being hard and insensible.
callow	adj. Without experience of the world.
calorie	n. Amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree centigrade.
calumny	n. Slander.

Calvary	n. The place where Christ was crucified.
Calvinism	n. The system of doctrine taught by John Calvin.
Calvinize	v. To teach or imbue with the doctrines of Calvinism.
came	n. A leaden sash-bar or grooved strip for fastening panes in stained-glass windows.
cameo	n. Any small engraved or carved work in relief.

campaign	n. A complete series of connected military operations.
Canaanite	n. A member of one of the three tribes that dwelt in the land of Canaan, or western Palestine.
canary	adj. Of a bright but delicate yellow.
candid	adj. Straightforward.
candor	n. The quality of frankness or outspokenness.

canine	adj. Characteristic of a dog.
canon	n. Any rule or law.
cant	v. To talk in a singsong, preaching tone with affected solemnity.
cantata	n. A choral composition.
canto	n. One of the divisions of an extended poem.

cantonment	n. The part of the town or district in which the troops are quartered.
capacious	adj. Roomy.
capillary	n. A minute vessel having walls composed of a single layer of cells.
capitulate	v. To surrender or stipulate terms.
caprice	n. A whim.

caption	n. A heading, as of a chapter, section, document, etc.
captious	adj. Hypercritical.
captivate	v. To fascinate, as by excellence. eloquence, or beauty.
carcass	n. The dead body of an animal.
cardiac	adj. Pertaining to the heart.

cardinal	adj. Of prime or special importance.
caret	n. A sign (^) placed below a line, indicating where omitted words, etc., should be inserted.
caricature	n. a picture or description in which natural characteristics are exaggerated or distorted.
carnage	n. Massacre.
carnal	adj. Sensual.

carnivorous	adj. Eating or living on flesh.
carouse	v. To drink deeply and in boisterous or jovial manner.
carrion	n. Dead and putrefying flesh.
cartilage	n. An elastic animal tissue of firm consistence.
cartridge	n. A charge for a firearm, or for blasting.

caste	n. The division of society on artificial grounds.
castigate	v. To punish.
casual	adj. Accidental, by chance.
casualty	n. A fatal or serious accident or disaster.
cataclysm	n. Any overwhelming flood of water.

cataract	n. Opacity of the lens of the eye resulting in complete or partial blindness.
catastrophe	n. Any great and sudden misfortune or calamity.
cathode	n. The negative pole or electrode of a galvanic battery.
Catholicism	n. The system, doctrine, and practice of the Roman Catholic Church.
catholicity	n. Universal prevalence or acceptance.

cat-o-nine-tails	n. An instrument consisting of nine pieces of cord, formerly used for flogging in the army and navy.
caucus	n. A private meeting of members of a political party to select candidates.
causal	adj. Indicating or expressing a cause.
caustic	adj. Sarcastic and severe.
cauterize	v. To burn or sear as with a heated iron.

cede	v. To pass title to.
censor	n. An official examiner of manuscripts empowered to prohibit their publication.
censorious	adj. Judging severely or harshly.
census	n. An official numbering of the people of a country or district.
centenary	adj. Pertaining to a hundred years or a period of a hundred years.

centiliter	n. A hundredth of a liter.
centimeter	n. A length of one hundredth of a meter.
centurion	n. A captain of a company of one hundred infantry in the ancient Roman army.
cereal	adj. Pertaining to edible grain or farinaceous seeds.
ceremonial	adj. Characterized by outward form or ceremony.

ceremonious	adj. Observant of ritual.
cessation	n. Discontinuance, as of action or motion.
cession	n. Surrender, as of possessions or rights.
chagrin	n. Keen vexation, annoyance, or mortification, as at one's failures or errors.
chameleon	adj. Changeable in appearance.

chancery	n. A court of equity, as distinguished from a common-law court.
chaos	n. Any condition of which the elements or parts are in utter disorder and confusion.
characteristic	n. A distinctive feature.
characterize	v. To describe by distinctive marks or peculiarities.
charlatan	n. A quack.

chasm	n. A yawning hollow, as in the earth's surface.
chasten	v. To purify by affliction.
chastise	v. To subject to punitive measures.
chastity	n. Sexual or moral purity.
chateau	n. A castle or manor-house.

chattel	n. Any article of personal property.
check	v. To hold back.
chiffon	n. A very thin gauze used for trimmings, evening dress, etc.
chivalry	n. The knightly system of feudal times with its code, usages and practices.
cholera	n. An acute epidemic disease.

choleric	adj. Easily provoked to anger.
choral	adj. Pertaining to, intended for, or performed by a chorus or choir.
Christ	n. A title of Jesus
christen	v. To name in baptism.
Christendom	n. That part of the world where Christianity is generally professed.

chromatic	adj. Belonging, relating to, or abounding in color.
chronology	n. The science that treats of computation of time or of investigation and arrangement of events.
chronometer	n. A portable timekeeper of the highest attainable precision.
cipher	v. To calculate arithmetically. (also a noun meaning zero or nothing)
circulate	v. To disseminate.

circumference	n. The boundary-line of a circle.
circumlocution	n. Indirect or roundabout expression.
circumnavigate	v. To sail quite around.
circumscribe	v. To confine within bounds.
circumspect	adj. Showing watchfulness, caution, or careful consideration.

citadel	n. Any strong fortress.
cite	v. To refer to specifically.
claimant	n. One who makes a claim or demand, as of right.
clairvoyance	n. Intuitive sagacity or perception.
clamorous	adj. Urgent in complaint or demand.

clan	n. A tribe.
clandestine	adj. Surreptitious.
clangor	n. Clanking or a ringing, as of arms, chains, or bells; clamor.
clarify	v. To render intelligible.
clarion	n. A small shrill trumpet or bugle.

classify	v. To arrange in a class or classes on the basis of observed resemblance’s and differences.
clearance	n. A certificate from the proper authorities that a vessel has complied with the law and may sail.
clemency	n. Mercy.
clement	adj. Compassionate.
close-hauled	adj. Having the sails set for sailing as close to the wind as possible.

clothier	n. One who makes or sells cloth or clothing.
clumsy	adj. Awkward of movement.
coagulate	v. To change into a clot or a jelly, as by heat, by chemical action, or by a ferment.
coagulant	adj. Producing coagulation.
coalescence	n. The act or process of coming together so as to form one body, combination, or product.

coalition	n. Combination in a body or mass.
coddle	v. To treat as a baby or an invalid.
codicil	n. A supplement adding to, revoking, or explaining in the body of a will.
coerce	v. To force.
coercion	n. Forcible constraint or restraint, moral or physical.

coercive	adj. Serving or tending to force.
cogent	adj. Appealing strongly to the reason or conscience.
cognate	adj. Akin.
cognizant	adj. Taking notice.
cohere	v. To stick together.

cohesion	n. Consistency.
cohesive	adj. Having the property of consistency.
coincide	v. To correspond.
coincidence	n. A circumstance so agreeing with another: often implying accident.
coincident	adj. Taking place at the same time.

collaborate	v. To labor or cooperate with another or others, especially in literary or scientific pursuits.
collapse	v. To cause to shrink, fall in, or fail.
collapsible	adj. That may or can collapse.
colleague	n. An associate in professional employment.
collective	adj. Consisting of a number of persons or objects considered as gathered into a mass, or sum.

collector	n. One who makes a collection, as of objects of art, books, or the like.
collegian	n. A college student.
collide	v. To meet and strike violently.
collier	n. One who works in a coal-mine.
collision	n. Violent contact.

colloquial	adj. Pertaining or peculiar to common speech as distinguished from literary.
colloquialism	n. Form of speech used only or chiefly in conversation.
colloquy	n. Conversation.
collusion	n. A secret agreement for a wrongful purpose.
colossus	n. Any strikingly great person or object.

comely	adj. Handsome.
comestible	adj. Fit to be eaten.
comical	adj. Funny.
commemorate	v. To serve as a remembrance of.
commentary	n. A series of illustrative or explanatory notes on any important work.

commingle	v. To blend.
commissariat	n. The department of an army charged with the provision of its food and water and daily needs.
commission	v. To empower.
commitment	n. The act or process of entrusting or consigning for safe-keeping.
committal	n. The act, fact, or result of committing, or the state of being

commodity	n. Something that is bought and sold.
commotion	n. A disturbance or violent agitation.
commute	v. To put something, especially something less severe, in place of.
comparable	adj. Fit to be compared.
comparative	adj. Relative.

comparison	n. Examination of two or more objects with reference to their likeness or unlikeness.
compensate	v. To remunerate.
competence	n. Adequate qualification or capacity.
competent	adj. Qualified.
competitive	adj. characterized by rivalry.

competitor	n. A rival.
complacence	n. Satisfaction with one's acts or surroundings.
complacent	adj. Pleased or satisfied with oneself.
complaisance	n. Politeness.
complaisant	adj. Agreeable.

complement	v. To make complete.
complex	adj. Complicated.
compliant	adj. Yielding.
complicate	v. To make complex, difficult, or hard to deal with.
complication	n. An intermingling or combination of things or parts, especially in a perplexing manner.

complicity	n. Participation or partnership, as in wrong-doing or with a wrong-doer.
compliment