- abase: lower; degrade; humiliate; make humble; make (oneself) lose self-respect
- abash: embarrass
- abate: subside or moderate
- abbreviate: shorten
- abdicate: renounce; give up (position, right, or responsibility)
- aberrant: abnormal or deviant
- aberration: deviation from the normal; mental disorder
- abet: assist usually in doing something wrong; encourage
- abeyance: suspended action
- abhor: detest; hate
- abide: dwell; abide by: comply with; put up with; tolerate; Ex. abide by the rules; Ex. I can't abide rude people.
- abject: (of a condition) wretched; as low as possible; lacking pride; very humble; showing lack of self-respect; Ex. abject apology
- abjure: renounce upon oath
- ablution: washing
- abnegation: renunciation; self-sacrifice; self-abnegation
- abode: dwelling place; home
- abolish cancel;: put an end to
- abolish: cancel; put an end to
- abominable: detestable; extremely unpleasant
- abominate: loathe; hate
- aboriginal: being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native; indigenous; N. aborigine
- abortive: unsuccessful; fruitless
- abrasive: rubbing away; tending to grind down
- abridge condense: or shorten
- abridge: condense or shorten
- abrogate: abolish
- abscission: cutting off; separation
- abscond depart: secretly and hide
- abscond: depart secretly and hide
- absolute: complete; totally unlimited; having complete power; certain; not relative; Ex. absolute honesty/ruler; CF. absolutism
- absolve pardon: (an offense)
- absolve: pardon (an offense)
- abstain refrain;: withhold from participation; intentionally not use one's vote;
- abstain: refrain; withhold from participation; intentionally not use one's vote;
- abstemious: sparing in eating and drinking; temperate
- abstinence: restraint from pleasant things, esp. eating or drinking; CF. abstention: act of abstaining from vote
- abstract: theoretical; not concrete; nonrepresentational
- abstruse: obscure; profound; difficult to understand
- abusive coarsely: insulting; physically harmful
- abusive: coarsely insulting; physically harmful
- abut: border upon; adjoin
- abysmal: bottomless
- abyss: enormous chasm; vast bottomless pit
- academic: related to a school; not practical or directly useful
- accede: agree
- accelerate: move faster
- accessible: easy to approach; obtainable
- accessory: additional object; useful but not essential thing
- acclaim: applaud; praise; greet with great approval; announce with great approval; Ex. The new drung has been acclaimed as the most important discoveries for years; N: strong expression of approval and praise
- acclimate: adjust to climate or environment; adapt
- acclivity: sharp upslope of a hill; OP. declivity
- accolade: award of merit; strong praise and approval
- accommodate: oblige or help someone; adjust or bring into harmony; adapt; make enough space for; ADJ. accommodative; CF. accomodating: helpful and obliging
- accomplice: partner in crime
- accord: agreement
- accost: approach and speak first to a person
- accoutre: equip; N. accoutrement
- accretion: growth or increase in size by gradual addition; growth; increase; increase by natural growth; Ex. towers and other accretions of the castle; V. accrete
- accrue: come to one as a gain; accumulate over time; come about by addition; Ex. benefits that accrue from scientific research; Ex. interest accruing in a bank account; N. accrual
- acerbity: bitterness of speech and temper; ADJ. acerbic: bitter; acrid (in taste, manner, or tone)
- acetic: vinegary
- acidulous: slightly sour (in taste or manner); sharp; caustic
- acknowledge: recognize; admit
- acme: peak; pinnacle; highest point
- acne: skin disease (on the face)
- acoustics: science of sound; quality that makes a room easy or hard to hear in
- acquiesce: assent; agree passively; comply without protest
- acquittal: deliverance from a charge; V. acquit: free from a charge or accusation; discharge from a duty; conduct (oneself) in a specified manner
- acrid: bitter (to the taste or smell); sharp; bitterly pungent
- acrimonious: stinging; caustic; bitter in words or manner; N. acrimony: bitter ill-natured animosity in speech or behavior
- acrophobia: fear of heights
- actuarial: calculating; pertaining to insurance statistics
- actuary: someone who advises insurance companies
- actuate: motivate; activate; cause to act
- acuity: sharpness (of mind or senses of sight or hearing)
- acumen: mental keenness; sharpness of judgment; ability to judge quickly and well; Ex. business acumen
- acute: (of the senses) sharp; quickly perceptive; keen; penetrating; brief and severe; Ex. acute sense of smell/analysis/pain
- adage: wise saying; proverb
- adamant: hard; inflexible
- adapt: make or become suitable for a specific use; alter; modify; adjust; N. adaptation: act of adapting; composition recast into a new form; Ex. The play is an adaption of a short novel.
- addendum: addition; appendix to book; something that is added (as at the end of a speech or book)
- addiction: compulsive habitual need
- addle: make or become confused; muddle; drive crazy; become rotten (egg)
- address: direct a speech to; speak to; deal with or discuss; direct one's efforts or attention to; make with a destination; N: formal speech
- adept: expert at; very skilled
- adhere: stick fast; be a devotd follower; N. adhesion: adhering; devotion; loyality
- adherent: supporter; follower
- adjacent: adjoining; neighboring; close by
- adjoin: be next to
- adjourn: suspend until a later time; move from one place to another
- adjunct: something attached to but holding an inferior position
- adjuration: solemn urging; V. adjure: entreat earnestly; enjoin solemnly
- adjutant: staff officer assisting the commander; assistant
- admonish: warn or speak to with gentle disapproval; reprove
- adore: love deeply and respect highly
- adorn: decorate
- adroit: skillful (in using mind or hand)
- adulation: flattery; admiration that is more than is necessary or deserved
- adulterate: make impure or of poorer quality by adding inferior or tainted(contaminated) substances
- Advent: arrival
- adventitious: accidental; casual; happening by chance
- adversary: opponent; enemy
- adverse: going against; opposing; unfavorable; hostile
- adversity: great hardship or affliction; misfortune; calamitous event
- advert: refer
- advocacy: support; active pleading on behalf of someone or something
- advocate: speak in favor of; support (an idea or plan); urge; plead for
- aegis: shield; protection; defense
- aerie(aery,eyrie,eyry): nest of a large bird of prey
- aesthetic: artistic; dealing with or capable of appreciating the beautiful (of a person or building); CF. aesthete; CF. aesthetics
- affable: easily approachable; easy to talk to; warmly friendly
- affected: artificial; pretended
- affidavit: written statement made under oath (for use as proof in a court of law)
- affiliation: joining; associating with
- affinity: feeling of kinship; similarity; Ex. strong affinity for her; Ex. many affinities between two languages
- affirmation: positive assertion; confirmation; solemn pledge by one who refuses to take an oath; V. affirm; ADJ. affirmative; CF. affirmative action: positive discrimination
- affliction: state of distress; trial; cause of distress or suffering; V. afflict: inflict grievous suffering on
- affluence: abundance; wealth
- affront: insult; offense; intentional act of disrespect; V: insult or hurt the feelings of intentionally
- afterlife: life after death; later part of one's life
- agape: openmouthed
- agenda: items of business at a meeting
- agglomeration: collection; heap; V. agglomerate: gather into a rounded mass; N. aggolmeate: jumbled mass; heap
- aggrandize: make greater; increase in power, wealth, rank, or honor; N. aggrandizement
- aggregate: sum; total; ADJ. V: gather into a mass or whole; accumulate; add up to; Ex. aggregate 100 dollars
- aghast: filled with great surprise or fear; horrified
- agility: nimbleness; ability to move quickly
- agitate: stir up; disturb
- agnostic: one who is skeptical of the existence or knowability of a god or any ultimate reality
- agog: highly excited; intensely curious
- agrarian: pertaining to land or its cultivation; Ex. agrarian reform
- airy: of air; high in the air; lofty; immaterial; unreal
- alacrity: cheerful promptness without reluctance
- alchemy: medieval chemistry
- alcove: nook; recess
- alias: an assumed name esp. by a criminal (usually to mislead people); ADV. alias
- alienate: make unfriendly or hostile; estrange; separate; change the ownership of
- alimentary: supplying nourishment
- alimony: payments made regularly to an ex-spouse after divorce
- allay: calm; pacify
- allege: state without proof
- allegiance: loyalty
- allegory: story, play, or picture in which characters are used as symbols; fable
- alleviate: relieve (pain)
- alliteration: repetition of beginning sound in poetry
- allocate: assign; set apart for a particular purpose
- alloy: mixture as of metals; something added that lowers in value or purity; V: mix; make less pure; lower in value or quality; spoil; CF. unalloyed: not in mixture with other maetals; pure; complete; unqualified; Ex. unalloyed happiness
- allude: refer indirectly; N. allusion: indirect reference
- allure: entice; attract; tempt
- alluvial: pertaining to soil deposits left by running water
- alms: money or goods given to the poor
- aloft: upward; high up in the air
- aloof: apart; not open in one's relationship with other people; reserved; ADV.
- altercation: noisy quarrel
- altruistic: unselfishly generous; concerned for others; N. altiruism: unselfish concern for the welfare of others; unselfishness; OP. egoism
- amalgam: combination of different things; mixture of metals (containing mercury) used for filling holes in teeth
- amalgamate: (of societies or groups) combine; unite in one body
- amass: collect (gradually, in a very large amount)
- amazon: female warrior
- ambidextrous: capable of using either hand with equal ease
- ambience: environment; atmosphere; Ex. restraurant with a pleasant ambience; ADJ. ambient: completely surrounding; Ex. ambient temperature
- ambiguous: unclear or doubtful in meaning; having more than one possible interpretation
- ambivalence: the state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes or opinions
- amble: walking at an easy unhurried pace; V: walk slowly and aimlessly
- ambrosia: food of the gods
- ambulatory: able to walk
- ambush: act of lying in wait to attack by surprise; sudden attack made from a concealed position; Ex. lie in ambush; V.
- ameliorate: improve
- amenable: obedient; compliant; readily managed; responsive; willing to be led; answerable or accountable legally; responsible; able to be tested by; Ex. amenable to sensible suggestions; Ex. He is very amenable; Ex. amenable to the usual tests
- amend: correct; change ; generally for the better
- amenities: convenient features that helps to make life pleasant; social courtesies
- amiable: agreeable; lovable; warmly friendly
- amicable: peaceful; politely friendly; not quarrelsome; Ex. amicable settlement
- amiss: wrong; faulty; Ex. something amiss; ADV.
- amity: friendship; peaceful relationship as between nations
- amnesia: loss of memory
- amnesty: pardon (allowed by government to political criminals)
- amok(amuck): in a state of rage; Ex. run amok
- amoral: nonmoral; having no understanding of right and wrong
- amorous: moved by sexual love; loving; of sexual love; Ex. amorous advances
- amorphous: formless; lacking shape or definition
- amphibian: able to live both on land and in water; N.
- amphitheater: oval building with tiers of seats; CF. arena
- ample: enough; abundant; spacious; large in size; Ex. ample opportunity/garden; N. amplitude: quality of being ample; abundance; largeness of space
- amplify: increase in size or effect; expand; broaden or clarify by expanding; intensify; make stronger; Ex. amplify one's remarks with a graph
- amputate: cut off part of body; prune (a limb)
- amulet: charm; talisman; an object worn believed to protect against evil, bad luck
- anachronism: an error involving time in a story; something or someone misplaced in time; ADJ. anachronistic
- analgesia: condition of being unable to feel pain
- analgesic: causing insensitivity to pain; N.
- analogous: comparable; similar
- analogy: similarity; parallelism; comparing two similar things
- anarchist: person who seeks to overturn the established government; advocate of abolishing authority
- anarchy: absence of governing body; state of disorder
- anathema: solemn curse; someone or something regarded as a curse; V. anathematize
- ancestry: family descent; ADJ. ancestral
- anchor: secure or fasten firmly; be fixed in place; N. anchorage
- ancillary: serving as an aid or accessory; auxiliary; N.
- anecdote: short story of an amusing or interesting event
- anemia: condition in which blood lacks red corpuscles; ADJ. anemic
- anesthetic: substance that removes sensation with or without loss of consciousness; N. anesthesia
- anguish: acute pain; extreme suffering
- angular: sharp-cornered; having an angle; not rounded (body); bony; lean; gaunt; stiff in manner
- animadversion: critical remark; V. animadvert: comment critically with disapproval
- animated: lively; spirited
- animosity: active enmity
- animus: hostile feeling or intent; animosity; hostility; disposition
- annals: records arranged in yearly parts; history
- anneal: reduce brittleness and improve toughness by heating and cooling (metal or glass)
- annex: attach; add to a large thing; take possession of; incorporate (territory) into a larger existing political unit (by force); N: building added to a large one
- annihilate: destroy
- annotate: comment; make explanatory notes
- annuity: yearly allowance
- annul: make void
- anodyne: drug that relieves pain or trouble;opiate; ADJ. Ex. anodyne statement
- anoint: consecrate; put oil on (in a religious ceremony)
- anomalous: abnormal; irregular
- anomaly: irregularity
- anonymity: state of being nameless; anonymousness; ADJ. anonymous
- antagonism: hostility; active opposition; V. antagonize: cause to become an enemy; N. antagonist: person who is opposed to another; opponent; adversary; principal character in oppostion to the protagonist
- antecede: precede
- antecedents: preceding events that influence what comes later; ancestors or early background
- antediluvian: antiquated; extremely ancient
- anthem: song of praise or patriotism; Ex. national anthem
- anthology: book of literary selections by various authors; CF. omnibus
- anthropoid: manlike; resembling a human being; N.
- anthropologist: student of the history and science of humankind
- anthropomorphic: having human form or characteristics
- anticlimax: letdown in thought or emotion; something unexciting, ordinary, or disappointing coming after something important or exciting
- antidote: remedy to counteract a poison or disease; Ex. antidote to the economic troubles
- antipathy: aversion; dislike or opposition
- antiquated: obsolete; old-fashioned; outdated
- antique: made in an earlier period and usu. valuable; N: object that was made in an earlier period and that is rare or valuable
- antiquity: quality of being very old; ancient times;
- antiseptic: substance that prevents infection in a wound; ADJ.
- antithesis: contrast; direct opposite of or to; ADJ. antithetic or antithetical
- antler: bony growth on the head of a deer
- anvil: iron block used in hammering out metals
- apathy: lack of caring; indifference; lack of concern or interest in important matters; Ex. He was sunk in apathy after his failure; ADJ. apathetic
- ape: imitate or mimic (a person's behavior or manner)
- aperture: opening; hole; adjustable opening in a camera that limits the amount of light
- apex: tip; summit; climax; highest point
- aphasia: loss of speech due to injury or illness
- aphorism: pithy maxim or saying; ADJ. aphoristic
- apiarist: person who keeps bees
- apiary: a place where bees are kept
- apiculture: bee-keeping
- aplomb: poise; composure in difficult situations; assurance; self-confidence
- apocalyptic: prophetic; pertaining to revelations especially of disaster; N. apocalypse
- apocryphal: (of a story) widely believed but untrue
- apogee: highest point; the point farthest from the earth; OP. perigee
- apolitical: having an aversion or lack of concern for political affairs
- apologist: one who writes in defense of a cause or institution; N. apologia
- apoplexy: stroke; loss of consciousness caused by too much blood in the brain
- apostate: one who abandons his religious faith or political beliefs; N. apostasy
- apothecary: druggist; pharmacist
- apothegm(apophthegm): pithy, compact saying
- apotheosis: elevation to godhood; an ideal example of something
- appall: dismay; shock deeply
- apparent: evident; easily seen or understood; appearing as such; Ex. apparent improvement
- apparition: ghost; phantom
- appease: pacify or soothe; Ex. appease a crying baby; N. appeasement
- appellation: name; title
- append: attach
- application: diligent attention; diligence; V. apply oneself
- apposite: appropriate; fitting
- appraise: estimate value of; N. appraisal
- appreciate: be thankful for; increase in worth; be thoroughly conscious of; ADJ. appreciable: enough to be felt; Ex. appreciable difference
- apprehend: arrest (a criminal); dread; perceive; N. apprehension
- apprehensive: fearful; discerning
- apprise: inform
- approbation: approval
- appropriate: acquire; take possession of for one's own use without permission; set aside for a particular purpose; allocate; CF. misappropriate
- appurtenances: subordinate possessions; something added to a more important thing
- apropos: with reference to; regarding; Ex. remarks apropos (of) the present situation; ADJ. ADV.
- aptitude: fitness; talent
- aquiline: curved; hooked; of or like an eagle; Ex. aquiline nose
- arable: fit for growing crops; Ex. arable land
- arbiter: person with power to decide a matter in dispute; judge who is in a position ot make influential judgments; Ex. supreme arbiter of fashion in beachware
- arbitrary: unreasonable or capricious; random; tyrannical; Ex. arbitrary ruler
- arbitrate: act as judge (at the request of both sides)
- arboreal: of or living in trees
- arboretum: place where different trees and shrubs are studied and exhibited
- arcade: a covered passageway usually lined with shops
- arcane: esoteric; secret; mysterious; known only to the initiated; Ex. arcane ritual; Ex. arcane process closed to the uninitiated listener
- arch-: chief; first; Ex. archbishop
- archaeology: study of artifacts and relics of early mankind
- archaic: antiquated; no longer used; belonging to the past; N.
- archetype: prototype; primitive pattern
- archipelago: group of closely located islands
- archives: public records; place where public records are kept
- ardor: heat; passion; zeal; ADJ. ardent
- arduous: hard; strenuous; Ex. arduous work
- argot: slang; speech spoken by only a small group of people
- aria: operatic solo; a song sung by one person in an opera or oratorio
- arid: (of land) dry; barren; unproductive
- aristocracy: hereditary nobility; privileged class; government by nobility; N. aristocrat
- armada: fleet of warships
- aromatic: fragrant; having a sweet smell; N. aroma: strong pleasant smell
- arraign: charge in court; indict
- array: marshal; draw up in order; arrange in order; clothe splendidly; adorn; N: fine clothes; ordered group; Ex. in battle array
- arrears: being in debt; money that should have been paid; work that should have been done
- arrhythmic: lacking rhythm or regularity; N. arrhythmia
- arrogance: pride; haughtiness; ADJ. arrogant: unpleasantly self-important (with a strong confidence in one's own importance and a lack of respect for other people)
- arroyo: gully; narrow channel formed by rainwater
- arsenal: storage place for military equipment
- artery: blood-vessel; CF. vein
- artful: exhibiting art or skill; deceitful; cunning; CF. artifice
- articulate: effective; distinct; expressing ideas clearly; having clear sounds; having joints; Ex. articulate speech; V: express thoughts and feeling clearly; pronounce clearly; unite by joints
- artifacts: object made by human beings, either hand-made or mass-produced
- artifice: deception; trickery
- artisan: a manually skilled worker
- artless: without guile; open and honest
- ascendancy: controlling influence; position of controlling influence; CF. in the ascendant
- ascertain: find out for certain; make certain
- ascetic: practicing self-denial; avoiding physical pleasures and comforts; austere; Ex. ascetic life of Buddhist monks; N. asceticism
- ascribe: refer; attribute; assign
- aseptic: preventing infection; having a cleansing effect
- ashen: ash-colored; deadly pale
- asinine: stupid; Ex. asinine remarks
- askance: with a sideways or indirect look (with disapproval or distruct); Ex. look askance at
- askew: crookedly; slanted; at an angle
- asperity: sharpness; roughness; severity (of temper or weather); Ex. asperities of a Russian winter
- aspersion: slanderous remark; Ex. cast aspersions on
- aspirant: seeker after position or status
- aspire: seek to attain (position or status); long for; Ex. aspire to become president; Ex. aspire to/after the leadership
- assail: assault
- assay: analyze (to discover what materials are present); evaluate (soil or ore)
- assent: agree; accept; N. assessment
- assert: state strongly or positively; demand recognition of (rights, claims, etc.); make a claim to (by forceful action); Ex. assert one's independence
- assiduous: diligent
- assimilate: absorb; take (food) into the body and digest it; understand (knowledge) completely and be able to use properly; cause to become homogeneous (the people of a country or race in the wasy of behaving or thinking)
- assuage: mak less severe; ease or lessen (pain); satisfy (hunger); soothe (anger)
- assumption: something taken for granted; the taking over or taking possession of; Ex. her assumption of power; V. assume
- assurance: firm statement that something is certainly true; promise or pledge; certainty; confidence in one's own ability; self-confidence; Ex. In spite of all his assurances, he did not come back; Ex. assurance of his loyalty; Ex. The teacher lacked assurance in f
- asteroid: small planet
- astigmatism: eye defect which prevents proper focus; OP. stigmatism
- astral: relating to the stars
- astringent: binding; causing contraction (stopping bleeding); harsh or severe; stringent; Ex. astringent criticism
- astronomical: enormously large or extensive
- astute: wise; shrewd; keen; seeing quickly something that is to one's advantage
- asunder: into parts; apart; V. sunder
- asylum: place of refuge or shelter; protection (religious or political)
- asymmetric: not identical on both sides of a dividing central line
- atavism: resemblance to remote ancestors rather than to parents; reversion to an earlier type; throwback; ADJ. atavistic
- atheistic: denying the existence of God; N. atheism
- atone: make amends for; pay for; Ex. atone for
- atrocity: brutal deed; ADJ. atrocious
- atrophy: wasting away; V: weaken and lose flesh and muscle (through lack of blood or lack of use)
- attentive: alert and watchful; listening carefully; paying attention; considerate; thoughtful; politely helpful; Ex. attentive audience; Ex. He was attentive to the old lady; N. attentions: act of courtesy and consideration
- attenuate: make thin; weaken
- attest: testify; bear witness
- attire: clothe; N: clothing; array; apparel
- attribute: essential quality; V: ascribe; explain
- attrition: rubbing away by friction; gradual decrease in numbers or strength; reduction in the work force without firing employees; wearing away of opposition by means of harassment; Ex. a war of attrition
- atypical: not normal; not typical
- audacious: daring; bold; N. audacity
- audit: examination of accounts of a business; official examination; V.
- augment: increase; add to
- augury: omen; prophecy; sign of coming events; V. augur: predict; foretell; be a sign of (something in future)
- august: impressive; majestic
- aureole: sun's corona; halo; bright circle of light
- auroral: pertaining to the aurora borealis; CF. aurora australis
- auspicious: favoring success; giving signs of future success; Cf. auspices
- austere: forbiddingly stern; ascetic; without comfort or enjoyment; severely simple and unornamented; Ex. a monk's austere life; Ex. austere grandeur of the cathedral; N. austerity
- authenticate: prove genuine
- authoritarian: subordinating the individual to the state; completely dominating another's will; Ex. authoritarian regime/father
- authoritative: having the weight of authority; regarded as providing knowledge that can be trusted; reliable; peremptory and dictatorial; Ex. authoritative dictionary/manner; CF. definitive
- autocratic: having absolute unchecked power; dictatorial; N. autocrat, autocracy
- automaton: mechanism that imitates actions of humans; machine that works by itself
- autonomous: self-governing; N. autonomy
- autopsy: examination of a dead body; postmortem; V.
- auxiliary: offering or providing help; additional or subsidiary; N: helper; assistant
- avalanche: great mass of falling snow and ice
- avantgarde: group of artists whose work is based on the newest ideas and methods; CF. vanguard
- avarice: greediness for wealth
- avenge: take vengence for something or on behalf of someone; Ex. They avenged his death by burning the village; Ex. He swore to avenge his brother; Ex. They avenged themselves on their enemy.
- aver: state confidently; declare as true
- averse: reluctant; disinclined; not liking or opposed; Ex. averse to cats/doing the house work
- aversion: firm dislike
- avert: prevent; avoid; turn away (eyes or thought); Ex. An accident was averted by his quick thinking; Ex. She averted her eyes from the terrible sight.
- aviary: enclosure for birds; large cage
- avid: greedy; extremely eager for; Ex. avid learner; N. avidity
- avocation: secondary or minor occupation
- avow: declare openly; N. avowal
- avuncular: of or like an uncle
- awe: solemn wonder; feeling of respect mixed with wonder and fear; V: fill with awe; ADJ. awesome
- awful: terrible; very bad
- awl: pointed tool used for piercing
- awry: distorted; crooked; bent; Ex. Our plans have gone awry.
- axiom: self-evident truth requiring no proof
- azure: sky blue
- babble: chatter idly or foolishly; make continuous sounds like water running gently over rounded stone; N.
- bacchanal: noisy party with a lot of drinking
- bacchanalia: the ancient Roman festival in honor of Bacchus
- bacchanalian: drunken
- backslide: revert (to bad habits); N. reverter
- backwards: and forwards; Ex. reciprocate his invitation by inviting him; N. reciprocity: reciprocal relationship; mutual interchange of advantages between two groups; Ex. reciprocity in trading rights
- badger: pester; annoy continually with demands; persuade by asking again and again; Ex. The children badgered me into taking them into the cinema; N: a kind of mountain animal
- badinage: teasing conversation; banter; joking talk
- baffle: frustrate; perplex
- bait: harass; tease; torment; Ex. badger baiting; N: food or other lure used to catch fish or trap animals
- baleful: evil; malignant in intent or effect; deadly; having a malign influence; portending evil; ominous; threatening; Ex. baleful look
- balk: stop short, as if faced with an obstacle, and refuse to continue; foil; stop or get in the way of; frustrate
- ballast: heavy substance used to add stability or weight; V. supply with ballast
- balm: something that relieves pain; oily liquid with a pleasant smell from trees
- balmy: soft and mild (of air); fragrant
- banal: hackneyed; commonplace; trite; lacking originality; clich\'ed
- bandy: discuss lightly or glibly; discuss in a frivolous manner; exchange (words) heatedly; quarrel; Ex. bandy words with
- bane: posion; cause of ruin; ADJ. baneful: harmful; poisonous
- bank: heap; piled-up mass; embankment; lateral tilting (as of an aircraft in turning); V: pile up; protect with a bank; tilt in turning
- bantering: joking talk; good-naturedly ridiculing; N.V. banter
- bar: railing in a courtroom; legal profession; vertical line dividing a staff into equal measures; Ex. prisoner at the bar; V: shut in or out with bars; forbid; exclude; CF. barrister
- barb: sharp projection from fishhook, arrow, or other object; openly cutting remark
- bard: poet
- barefaced: shameless and noticeable; blatant; bold; unconcealed; having no covering on the face; Ex. barefaced lie
- bargain: agreement between two groups or people; something for sale at a price advantageous to the buyer; V: negotiate; trade; Ex. bargaining power
- baroque: highly ornate
- barrage: barrier laid down by artillery fire; overwhelming profusion; large number of questions or statements; Ex. a barrage of criticism
- barrister: counselor-at-law or lawyer in the higher court of law; CF. bar
- barterer: trader; V. barter: trade; exchange good for other goods rather than money
- base: contemptible; morally bad; inferior in value or quality; Ex. base motives/conduct; Ex. base metal such as iron
- bask: luxuriate; take pleasure in warmth
- bastard: illegitimate child
- bastion: stronghold; something seen as a source of protection; Ex. the last bastion of male chauvinism
- bate: let down; lessen the force of; moderate; restrain; Ex. with bated breath; CF. abate
- battalion: army unit made up of four or more companies
- bauble: trinket; cheap jewel; trifle
- bawdy: indecent; obscene; about sex in a rude funny way; CF. bawd
- bearing: deportment; connection
- beatific: giving or showing bliss; blissful
- beatitude: blessedness; state of great happiness
- bedizen: dress with vulgar finery
- bedraggle: wet thoroughly; ADJ. bedraggled: draggled
- beeline: direct quick route
- befuddle: confuse thoroughly
- beget: father; become the father of; produce; give rise to
- begrudge: envy; give or allow unwillingly; grudge; Ex. We shouldn't begrudge him his success.
- beguile: deceive; mislead or delude; cheat; pass time pleasantly; charm or attract; Ex. beguiling smile
- behemoth: huge creature; something of monstrous size or power
- beholden: obligated; indebted; owing thanks; obliged or indebted from gratitude
- behoove(behove): be suited to; be incumbent upon; be right and necessary; Ex. It behooves one to do.
- belabor: harp on; dwell on tediously; explain or go over excessively or to a ridiculous degree; assail verbally; beat severely; attack physically
- belated: delayed
- beleaguer: besiege or attack (with an army); harass; beset
- belie: contradict; give a false impression; disguise; Ex. The poor sales belied our high hopes; Ex. Her smile belies her true feeling of displeasure.
- belittle: disparage; depreciate
- bellicose: warlike
- belligerent: quarrelsome
- bemoan: lament; moan for; express sorrow or disapproval of
- bemused: confused; lost in thought; preoccupied
- benediction: blessing
- benefactor: gift giver; patron; person who does good or who gives money for a good purpose
- beneficent: kindly; doing good
- beneficial: helpful; useful; advantageous
- beneficiary: person entitled to benefits or proceeds of an insurance policy or will
- benefit: advantage; anything that brings helpl, advantage, or profit; money provided by the government to the people; fund-raising public entertainment; Ex. unemployment benefit; V: receive benefits; be beneficial to; give benefits
- benevolent: generous; charitable; having a wish to do good
- benign: kindly; favorable; not malignant (disease); Ex. benign tumor
- benison: blessing
- bent: determined; Ex. bent on advancing in the business; N: natural talent or inclination
- bequeath: leave to someone by means of a will; hand down in his will; N. bequest
- berate: scold strongly
- bereaved: deprived of (someone beloved through death)
- bereavement: state of being deprived of something valuable or beloved; state of being bereaved or bereft
- bereft: deprived of (something valuable); lacking
- berserk: mad with violent anger; frenzied; madly excited
- beseech: beg; plead with
- beset: harass or trouble from all directions; hem in
- besiege: surround with armed forces; harass (with requests); annoy continually
- besmirch: soil; defile; make dirty
- bestial: beastlike; brutal; inhuman; very cruel
- bestow: confer
- betoken: signify; indicate; be a sign of
- betray: be unfaithful; reveal (unconsciously or unwillingly); Ex. Her trembling hands betray her anxiety.
- betroth: become engaged to marry
- bevy: large group; Ex. a bevy of starlets
- beware: be cautious (of)
- bewitch: cast a spell over; captivate completely
- bicameral: two-chambered as a legislative body
- bicker: quarrel
- bid: command; utter (a greeting); offer as a price; N: offer of a price; amount offered; earnest effort to gain something; Ex. bid for freedom
- biennial: every two years
- bifurcated: divided into two branches; forked
- bigot: one who is intolerant (in matters of religion or politics)
- bigotry: stubborn intolerance
- bilious: suffering from indigestion; sick from having too much bile; irritable; easily irritated
- bilk: swindle; cheat
- billow: large wave of water; a great swell or surge (of smoke); V: surge, swell, roll in billows
- billowing: swelling out in waves; surging
- biting: sharply painful to the body or mind; Ex. biting wind/remarks
- bitter: having a sharp biting taste; ¾´; causing sharp pain to the body or mind; filled with resentment, disappointment, or other unpleasant feelings; Ex. bitter wind/sorrow/tears
- bivouac: temporary encampment; camp without tents; V.
- bizarre: fantastic; violently contrasting; noticeably odd; strikingly unconventional
- blackball: vote against (an applicant); ostracize; N: negative vote
- blanch: bleach; whiten; make white or pale
- bland: soothing or mild (food); agreeable; causing no trouble or offence
- blandishment: flattery
- blare: loud or harsh roar or screech; dazzling blaze of light
- blase: bored with pleasure or dissipation; uninterested or bored
- blasphemy: irreverence; sacrilege; cursing; bad language about God or holy things; V. blasphem; ADJ. blasphemous; CF. sacrilege
- blatant: extremely (offensively) obvious; loudly offensive; Ex. blatant lie; N. blatancy
- bleak: cold or cheerless; frigid; unlikely to be favorable; depressing
- blemish: mar; spoil the beauty or perfection of; N: flaw or defect (that spoils perfection); Ex. blemishes in the crystal; CF. unblemished
- blight: plant disease; V: infect with blight; ruin; destroy
- blighted: suffering from a disease; destroyed
- bliss: complete happiness; ADJ. blissful
- blithe(blithesome): gay; joyous
- bloated: (unpleasantly) swollen or puffed as with water or air
- blotch: spot; blot; CF. blot+botch
- blowhard: talkative boaster; braggart
- bludgeon: club; heavy-headed weapon; V.
- blue: gloomy; depressed
- blues: state of depression or melancholy; style of slow, mournful music (evolved from southern Black American songs)
- bluff: pretense (of strength); deception; high cliff; ADJ: rough but good-natured
- blunder: error; stupid mistake
- blunt: having a dull edge; abrupt and frank in speech or manner; brusque; V: make or become blunt
- blurt: utter impulsively from nervousness or excitement
- blush: become red in the face (from embarrassment or shame); become red or rosy; N.
- bluster: blow in heavy gusts; threaten emptily; bully; speak in a noisy or bullying manner; CF. breeze, gust, gale
- bode: foreshadow; portend
- bog: soft wet land; V: hinder or be hindered; Ex. bogged down in the mud
- bogus: counterfeit; not authentic; intentionally false; Ex. bogus interview
- Bohemian: unconventional (in an artistic way)
- boisterous: violent; rough; noisy
- bolster: support; reinforce
- bolt: door bar; fastening pin or screw; length of fabric; large roll of cloth; V: dash or dart off; fasten (a | door); gobble down
- bombardment: attack (as with missiles or bombs); V. bombard
- bombast: grandiloquent, pompous speech
- bombastic: pompous; using inflated language
- bookish: fond of books and reading
- boon: blessing; benefit; something very helpful
- boor: rude, insensitive person
- boorish: rude; insensitive
- boost: lift by pushing up from below; increase; raise; N: push upward; increase
- botch: mismanage; blow
- bouillon: clear beef (or meat) soup
- bound: leap or spring; limit or confine; constitute the limit of; Ex. bounded by Canada; N: leap or jumping; boundary; ADJ: certain; having a duty to do something (legally or morally); confined by bonds; Ex. We are bound to be late; Ex. I am bound to say my opi
- bountiful: generous; graciously generous; showing bounty
- bourgeois: middle class; selfishly materialistic; too interested in material possessions
- bout: match; short period of great activity; Ex. wrestling bout; bout of drinking/flu
- bovine: cowlike; placid and dull; slow-thinking; calm
- bowdlerize: expurgate; CF. Thomas Bowdler
- brackish: somewhat saline
- brag: boast
- braggadocio: boasting
- braggart: boaster; bragger
- braid: plait; interweave strands or lengths of; make by weaving strands together; N: braided segment (as of hair)
- brand: trademark; mark burned on the hide of an animal; mark burned into the flesh of criminals; mark of disgrace; V: mark with a brand; give a lasting bad name; stigmatize; Ex. The press branded him a liar.
- brandish: wave around (a weapon); flourish
- bravado: swagger; assumed air of defiance; false show of bravery
- brave: face courageously; Ex. brave the storm
- brawl: noisy quarrel
- brawn: human muscle; muscular strength; sturdiness
- brawny: muscular; having well-developed muscles
- brazen: insolent; without shame; bold; Ex. brazen lie; V: face with bold self-assurance or with unshamed confidence
- breach: breaking of contract or duty; fissure or gap; opening; V.
- breadth: width; extent
- breed: produce young; rear; bring up; produce (an undesirable condition); N: kind or sort of animal or plant
- brevity: conciseness; shortness of duration
- bridle: harness fitted about a horse's head (used to restrain); curb; check; V: put a bridle on; control or restrain; show anger
- brim: uppermost edge of a cup; projecting rim (as on a hat); Ex. The glass was full to the brim; V: be full to the brim
- brindled: tawny or grayish with streaks or spots (of animals)
- brink: edge (at the top of a cliff); Ex. on the brink of the Grand Canyon
- brisk: quick and active; marked by liveliness and vigor
- bristle: short stiff hair; V: (hair or fur) stand up stiffly
- bristling: rising like bristles; showing irritation
- brittle: hard but easily broken; difficult; unstable; Ex. brittle situation
- broach: introduce as a subject; moot; open up
- brocade: rich, figured(patterned) fabric
- brochure: pamphlet
- broil: cook by direct heat; N.
- bromide: platitude; chemical compound used to calm excitement
- brooch: ornamental clasp; pin
- brood: sit on in order to hatch; think deeply or worry anxiously; N: the young of certain animals; group of young birds hatched at one time
- brook: tolerate; endure; Ex. brook no interference; N: small stream
- browbeat: bully; intimidate
- browse: graze; feed on growing grass; skim or glance at casually
- bruise: injure without breaking the skin; N.
- brunt: main impact or shock (of an attack or blow); Ex. brunt of the argument
- brusque: blunt; abrupt; curt; not wanting to waste time being nice
- buccaneer: pirate
- bucolic: rustic; pastoral
- buffet: strike forcefully; slap; batter; knock out; N: table with food set out for people to server themselves; meal at which people help themselves to food that's been set
- buffoon: stupid person; clown
- buffoonery: clowning
- bugaboo: bugbear; object of baseless terror
- bulge: protruding part; swelling of a surface; Ex. The apple made a bulge in his pocket; V: swell outward; protrude
- bulk: size or volume (esp. when very large); main part; Ex. The bulk of the work has already been done; ADJ. bulky: having great size
- bullion: gold and silver in the form of bars
- bully: one who is habitually cruel to weaker people; V.
- bulwark: strong wall built for defense; earthwork or other strong defense; person who defends
- bump: hit or knock against with force; N.
- bungle: mismanage; blunder; botch; blow; spoil by clumsy behavior
- buoyant: able to float; cheerful and optimistic; N. buoyancy; Ex. buoyancy of wood/water/American market
- bureaucracy: overregulated administrative system marked by red tape; ADJ. bureaucratic
- burgeon: grow rapidly; grow forth; send out buds; Ex. burgeoning computer industry; CF. bludgeon
- burlesque: give an imitation that ridicules; imitate mockingly
- burnish: make shiny by rubbing; polish
- bust: piece of sculpture showing a person's head, shoulders, and upper chest; V: break up; arrest; Ex. crimebuster
- buttress: support; prop up; N. stationary structure to support wall; Ex. flying buttress
- buxom: full-bosomed; plump; jolly
- cabal: small group of persons secretly united to promote their own interests
- cache: hiding place; V.
- cacophonous: discordant; inharmonious; N. cacophony: unpleasant mixture of loud sounds
- cadaver: corpse; dead human body
- cadaverous: like a corpse; pale
- cadence: rhythmic rise and fall (of words or sounds); beat; regular beat of sound; rhythm
- cadet: student at a military school
- cajole: persuade by praise or false promise; coax; wheedle
- calamity: disaster; misery
- calculated: deliberately planned; likely
- caldron(cauldron): large kettle
- caliber: ability; quality; diameter of the inside of a round cylinder; Ex. work of very high caliber
- calligraphy: beautiful writing; excellent penmanship
- callous: hardened; unfeeling; without sympathy for the sufferings of others; unkind
- callow: youthful; immature; inexperienced
- callus: area of thick hard skin
- calorific: heat-producing; N. calorie
- calumny: malicious misrepresentation; slander
- camaraderie: good-fellowship; CF. comrade
- cameo: shell or jewel carved in relief; star's special appearance in a minor role in a film
- camp: group sharing a common cause or opinion
- canard: unfounded false rumor; exaggerated false report
- candor: frankness; open honesty; ADJ. candid
- canine: related to dogs; doglike
- canker: any ulcerous sore; ulcer; any evil; CF. cancer
- canny: shrewd in money matters; thrifty
- cant: insincere speech or expression of piety; jargon of thieves; special words used by a particular group of people
- cantankerous: ill-humored; irritable
- cantata: story set to music to be sung by a chorus (shorter than an oratorio)
- canter: slow gallop; V. CF. trot
- canto: division of a long poem
- canvass: determine or seek opinions, votes, etc.; go through (a region) to solicit votes or orders; conduct a survey; N.
- capacious: spacious
- capacity: mental or physical ability; role; position or duty; ability to accommodate; Ex. in my capacity as president
- capillary: having a very fine bore; resembling a hair; fine and slender; Ex. capillary attraction; N: very fine hairlike tube; CF. capillarity
- capitulate: surrender; give up all resistance
- caprice: whim; sudden change of mind without any real cause
- capricious: unpredictable; fickle
- capsize: (of a boat) turn over
- caption: title; chapter heading; text under illustration
- captious: faultfinding; too critical
- carafe: glass water bottle; decanter
- carapace: shell covering the back (of a turtle, tortoise, crab, etc.)
- carat(karat): unit of weight for precious stones; measure of the purity of gold
- carcinogenic: causing cancer; N. carcinogen
- cardinal: chief; most important; N: priest; cardinal number: number that shows quantity rather thatn order
- cardiologist: doctor specializing in ailments of the heart
- careen: lurch; sway from side to side; move with irregular swinging movement; stagger
- career: rush wildly; go at full speed
- carefree: free from worries; having no problems
- caricature: distortion; burlesque
- carillon: a set of bells (often in a tower) capable of being played
- carnage: destruction of life; slaughter; killing of large numbers of people or animals
- carnal: fleshly; sensual; concerning the desires of the body
- carnivorous: meat-eating; N. carnivore; CF. herbivore
- carousal: drunken revel; V. carouse
- carping: petty criticism; fault-finding; fretful complaining; quibble
- carrion: rotting flesh of a dead body; CF. vulture
- cartographer: map-maker
- cascade: small waterfall
- caste: one of the hereditary classes in Hindu society; social stratification; prestige
- castigation: punishment; severe criticism or disapproval
- castrate: remove the sex organs (of a male animal or person)
- casual: happening by chance; irregular; occasional; informal; showing or feeling little interest; Ex. casual reader/labor/remark
- casualty: serious or fatal accident; person killed or wounded in an accident or battle
- cataclysm: deluge; upheaval; earthquake; violent and sudden event or change
- catalyst: agent which brings about a chemical change while it remains unaffected and unchanged; CF. catalysis
- catapult: slingshot; hurling machine; V: fire from catapult
- cataract: great waterfall; eye abnormality (causing a gradual loss of eyesight)
- catastrophe: calamity ; disaster
- catcall: shout of disapproval or displeasure (made at the theater or a sports match); boo; V.
- catechism: book for religious instruction in question-and-answer form; religious instruction by question and answer; V. catechize
- categorical: without exceptions; made without any doubt in mind; unqualified; absolute
- cater: provide food and drink (for); cater to: try to satisfy (desires of a bad kind)
- catharsis: purging or cleansing of any passage of the body; purging and weakening of strong emotions as a result of experiencing a dramatic work of art
- cathartic: purgative; medicine that causes the bowels to empty; ADJ.
- catholic: (of likings and interests) universal; general; broad; including many different parts; wide-ranging liberal; Ex. catholic opinions/tastes
- caucus: private meeting of a group of people in a political party to select officers or determine policy; CF. the Caucus club of Boston
- caulk(calk): make watertight (by blocking up cracks as in a ship)
- causal: implying a cause-and-effect relationship; N. causality
- caustic: burning; corrosive; able to burn by chemical action; sarcastically biting; (of remarks) intended to hurt; bitter; harmful; OP. harmless
- cauterize: burn (a wound or snakebite, etc.) with hot iron or caustic substance to stop bleeding and prevent infection
- cavalcade: procession of riders or horse-drawn carriages; parade; CF. cavalry
- cavalier: casual and offhand; arrogant; N: knight
- cavil: quibble; make frivolous objections; find fault unnecessarily
- cede: yield (title or territory) to (esp. after losing a war); surrender formally; N. cession
- celerity: speed; rapidity
- celestial: heavenly
- celibate: abstaining from sexual intercourse; unmarried; N. celibacy
- cemetery: place for burying the dead
- censor: (in ancient Rome) overseer of morals (also taking the census); person who eliminates inappropriate matter; V.
- censorious: severely critical
- censure: blame; criticize; express strong disapproval; N: severe criticism; strong disapproval
- centaur: mythical figure, half man and half horse
- centigrade: denoting a widely used temperature scale (basically same as Celsius)
- centrifugal: radiating; departing from the center
- centrifuge: machine that separates substances by whirling them
- centripetal: tending toward the center
- centurion: Roman army officer (commanding a company of about 100 soldiers)
- cerebral: pertaining to the brain or intellect; intellectual rather than emotional; CF. cerebrum
- cerebration: thought; working of the brain
- ceremonious: marked by formality; extremely formal and polite; CF. ceremony: conventional social courtesy
- certitude: certainty
- cessation: stoppage
- cession: yielding to another; ceding
- chafe: warm by rubbing; make sore by rubbing; N.
- chaff: worthless products of an endeavor; husk(outer seed cover) separated from grain; Ex. separate the wheat from the chaff
- chaffing: bantering; joking
- chagrin: annoyance and disappointment; vexation (caused by humiliation or injured pride)
- chalice: goblet; consecrated cup
- chameleon: lizard that changes color in different situations
- champion: support militantly; fight for; N: person who fights for or supports strongly (a principle, movement, person, etc.)
- championship: position of champion; defense or support; competition held to determine a champion
- chancellor: legal official of high rank; CF. chancellery(chancellory): position of a chancellor
- chant: tune(melody) in which a number of words are sung on the same note; V: sing (a chant); utter (a slogan) in the manner of a chant
- chaotic: in utter disorder
- chapel: small church (in a prison, college, or hospital)
- chaperon: older person who accompanies and supervises a young unmarried woman
- chaplain: clergyman attached to a chapel
- char: make or become black by burning; reduce or be reduced to carbon or charcoal(black substance made by burning wood) by incomplete combustion
- charisma: divine gift; great popular charm or appeal; magnetism
- charlatan: quack; pretender to knowledge (esp. in medicine)
- charm: quality of pleasing; amulet; action or formula thought to have magical power; spell; V: attract; cast a spell on; bewitch
- chary: cautious; unwilling to take risks; sparing or restrained about giving; OP. bold
- chase: ornament a metal surface by indenting; follow rapidly to catch
- chasm: abyss; very deep crack
- chassis: framework and working parts of an automobile; framework to which components are attached
- chaste: morally pure; virginal; abstaining from illicit sexual acts; modest; simple (of a style of writing); not highly decorated; austere
- chasten: discipline; punish in order to correct; CF. castigate
- chastise: punish as by beating; criticize severely
- chauvinist: blindly devoted patriot; zealous adherent of a group, cause, or sex; ADJ. chauvinistic; CF. chauvinism; Nicolas Chauvin
- check: stop motion; curb or restrain
- checkered(chequered): marked by great changes in fortune; with many changes of fortuene; CF. checked: having a pattern of squares
- cherubic: angelic; innocent-looking; N. cherub; CF. seraph: winged angel of the highest order
- chicanery: trickery; deception
- chide: scold; rebuke (someone who has done wrong)
- chimerical: fantastically improbable; highly unrealistic; N. chimera: unreal fancy; fire-breathing female creature
- chip: lose a small piece from the surface or edge; N: small piece broken off something; CF. French fry; Potato chip/crisp
- chisel: swindle or cheat; N: wedgelike tool for cutting
- chivalrous: courteous; faithful; brave; N. chivalry
- choice: delicate; of very fine quality
- choir: group of people who sing together (esp. during religious services); place for choir
- choleric: hot-tempered; bad-tempered; irritable; easily angered; CF. cholera
- chore: daily domestic task (such as cleaning, cooking, and shopping); unpleasant task
- choreography: art of representing dances in written symbols; arrangement of dances
- chortle: chuckle with delight; N.
- chorus: phrase repeated throughout a song or poem
- chronic: long established as a disease
- chronicle: report; record (in chronological order)
- chuckle: laugh quietly
- churlish: boorish; rude; N. churl: boor; yahoo
- ciliated: having minute hairs; CF. cilium; CF. cilia: eyelash
- cipher: nonentity; worthless person or thing; zero; secret code; V.
- circlet: small ring; band of gold, silver, jewel, etc. (worn on the head, arms, or neck as decoration)
- circuit: closed circular line around an area; circumference; regularly repeated journey from place to place
- circuitous: roundabout
- circumlocution: indirect or roundabout expression (by using an uncecessarily large number of words esp. when trying to avoid answering a difficult question directly)
- circumscribe: limit; confine; draw a line around
- circumspect: prudent; cautious; acting after careful thought
- circumvent: outwit; defeat by behaving more cleverly; outsmart; baffle; avoid; get around
- cistern: reservoir or water tank
- citadel: fortress
- cite: quote; commend; Ex. cited for bravery in an official record
- civil: having to do with citizens; not military or religious; courteous and polite; Ex. married in a civil ceremony; Ex. civil strife/disorder/law; N. civility; CF. civic
- clairvoyant: having foresight; fortuneteller; N. clairvoyance
- clamber: climb by crawling with difficulties; scramble
- clamor: loud continous noise; continuous demand or complaint made by a large number of people; V: make a clamor; express (a demand) continually and loudly; ADJ. clamorous
- clandestine: secret
- clangor: loud resounding noise; sound of repeated clanging
- clap: strike the palms of the hands together with a sudden explosive sound; come together suddenly with a sharp sound; put or send promptly; Ex. clap the thief in jail; N: clapping; loud or explosive sound; CF. applause
- clapper: striker (tongue) of a bell
- clarion: shrill, trumpetlike sound; kind of trumpet used in former times
- clasp: hold firmly within arms
- claustrophobia: fear of being locked in
- clavicle: collarbone
- cleave: split or sever; cling to; remain faithful to; N. cleavage; ADJ. cloven
- cleft: N: split
- clemency: disposition to be lenient in deciding punishments; mildness as of the weather; ADJ. clement
- clich\'e: phrase dulled in meaning by repetition; platitude; ADJ. clich\'ed
- clientele: body of customers
- climactic: relating to the highest point; N. climax; CF. climatic
- clime: climate
- clip: cut off with shears; fasten; N: something clipped off (as a short extract from film); clasp or fastener
- clipper: sailing vessel built for great speed
- clique: small exclusive group of people
- cloister: monastery or convent
- clot: half-solid lump formed from a liquid (or blood); V.
- clout: great influence (especially political or social); hard blow with fist
- clown: act stupidly; play the fool; N.
- cloying: distasteful (because excessive); excessively sweet or sentimental; V. cloy: become unpleasant through too much sweetness or excess
- coagulate: congeal; thicken; clot; N. coagulant
- coalesce: combine; fuse; N. coalescence
- coalition: partnership; league; union of separate political parties
- coax: persuade by flattery
- coda: concluding section of a musical or literary composition
- coddle: treat gently; indulge excessively; pamper; mollycoddle; baby; cook in water just below boiling point; Ex. coddled eggs
- codicil: supplement to the body of a will; later addition to a will
- codify: arrange (laws or rules) as a code; classify; N. code: system of words used instead of ordinary writing; collection of laws, rules, established social customs
- coercion: use of force to get someone to object; compelling; V. coerce
- coeval: living at the same time as; existing during the same period of time; contemporary; of the same age
- cog: tooth projecting from a wheel
- cogent: convincing
- cogitate: think over; ponder
- cognate: having a common origin; related linguistically; allied by blood; similar or akin in nature; Ex. cognate languages; N.
- cognitive: having to do with knowing or perceiving related to the mental processes; N. cognition: the mental process of knowing
- cognizance: knowledge; ADJ. cognizant; having knowledge; aware
- cohabit: live together
- cohere: stick together
- cohesion: tendency to keep together
- cohorts: group of people who share some common quality; armed band; a group of between 300 and 600 soldiers under one commander (in the ancient Rome)
- coiffure: hairstyle
- coin: make coins; invent or fabricate (a word or phrase); N. coinage: word or phrase recently invented
- coincidence: the chance occurrence, at the same time, of two or more seemingly connected events; V. coincide: happen at the same time; be in agreement; CF. coincident; CF. coincidental
- colander: utensil with perforated bottom used for straining
- collaborate: work together; cooperate treasonably with the enemy
- collage: work of art put together from fragments
- collate: examine and compare in order to verify authenticity; arrange in order (the sheets of a book before they are bound)
- collateral: security given for loan; ADJ: secondary; descended from the same person but through different sons or daughters
- collation: a light meal; collating
- collected: composed; calm; self-possessed
- colloquial: pertaining to conversational or common speech; informal; N. colloquialism: colloquial expression
- colloquy: informal discussion; conversation
- collusion: conspiring in a fraudulent scheme to cheat or deceive others; V. collude
- colossal: huge
- colossus: gigantic statue; person or thing of great size or importance
- coma: deep prolonged unconsciousness caused by disease, poison, or a severe blow
- comatose: in a coma; extremely sleepy
- combustible: easily burned; N. CF. combustion
- comeback: retort; quick clever reply; return to former status
- comely: attractive; agreeable; having a pleasing appearance
- comestible: something fit to be eaten
- comeuppance: deserts; well-deserved punishment or misfortune; rebuke
- comity: courtesy; civility; Ex. comity of nations
- commandeer: take (private property) for military use without needing permission or giving payment; draft for military purposes
- commemorate: honor the memory of; serve as a memorial to; Ex. commemorate the 100th anniversary/those who died in the war
- commemorative: remembering; honoring the memory of; Ex. commemorative stamp
- commensurate: equal in extent; of the same size
- commiserate: feel or express pity or sympathy for
- commodious: spacious and comfortable
- commonplace: ordinary; N: something ordinary or common; trite remark
- commonwealth: nation governed by the people; republic; people of a nation
- communal: held in common; public; of a group of people; of a commune
- commune: small (often rural) community whose members share work and income; V: exchange thoughts or feelings; Ex. commune with nature
- compact: agreement; contract; ADJ: tightly packed; firm; brief; concise; Ex. compact statement
- compartment: one of the parts into which an enclosed space is divided
- compassion: sympathy for the suffering of others; ADJ. compassionate
- compatible: harmonious; in harmony with; able to exist together
- compelling: overpowering; irresistible in effect; holding one's attention; that compels one to do something; Ex. a compelling adventure story; V. compel
- compendium: brief, comprehensive summary; ADJ. compendious
- compensatory: making up for; repaying
- compilation: listing of information in tabular or book form; compiling
- compile: assemble; gather; accumulate; make (a report or a book) from facts and information found in various places; Ex. compile a dictionary
- complacency: self-satisfaction; smugness; ADJ. complacent
- complaisant: trying to please; obliging; willing to please others
- complement: complete; consummate; make perfect; N.
- complementary: serving to complete something
- compliance: conformity in fulfilling requirements; readiness to yield; disposition to yield to others; V. comply
- compliant: readily acting in accordance with a rule, order, or the wishes or others; yielding; comforming to requirements
- complicity: participation; involvement (in a questionable act or a crime)
- component: element; ingredient
- comport: bear one's self; behave; Ex. comport oneself; N. comportment
- compost: mixture of decaying organic matter used as fertilizer; V: put or make compost
- composure: mental calmness
- compound: combine; produce by combining; increase; make worse by adding to or increasing; exacerbate; Ex. compound an error; ADJ: consisting of two or more parts; N: combination of two or more parts; area enclosed by a wall containing a group of buildings; Ex. fac
- comprehend: include; understand
- comprehensive: broad; including a lot or everything; thorough; inclusive
- compress: force into less space; squeeze; contract; put into fewer words; N: thick mass of cloth pressed to part of the body to stop bleeding or swelling, reduce fever, etc.
- comprise: include; consist of
- compromise: adjust or settle by making mutual concessions; endanger the interests or reputation of; put into danger, disrepute, or a dishonorable position; Ex. compromise one's principle; N.
- compulsion: compelling; strong desire that is difficult to control; irresistible impulse
- compulsive: resulting from compulsion
- compulsory: obligatory; that must be done
- compunction: remorse; strong uneasiness caused by guilt
- compute: reckon; calculate
- concatenate: link as in a chain
- concave: hollow; curved inwards; OP. convex
- concede: admit; acknowledge as being true (often reluctantly); yield; grant; Ex. concede a goal
- conceit: vanity or self-love; too high opinion of one's own value; extravagant metaphor (in poetry)
- concentric: having a common center
- conception: beginning; forming of an idea; fertilization; V. conceive: form an idea in the mind; devise; become pregnant; CF. inception
- concerted: mutually agreed on; done together by agreement; Ex. concerted effort; CF. in concert: working together
- concession: an act of yielding; conceding; something conceded; point, right, etc. given unwillingly; privilege of maintaining a business in a certain place; Ex. oil concessions in the North sea; CF. concessionaire
- conciliatory: reconciling; soothing; V. conciliate: reconcile; soothe; win the friendly feelings (by removing anger)
- concise: brief and compact
- conclave: private secret meeting
- conclusive: decisive; ending all debate
- concoct: prepare by mixing or combining; make up in concert; devise (something false) so as to deceive; Ex. concoct an elaborate excuse for being late; N. concoction
- concomitant: that which accompanies; Ex. Deafnes is a frequent concommitant of old age; ADJ: existing or happening together with something else
- concord: harmony; accord
- concordat: formal agreement
- concur: agree; coincide; happen at the same time
- concurrent: happening at the same time; in agreement
- condescend: (derog.) bestow courtesies with a superior air; descend to the level of one considered inferior
- condign: adequate; (of punishment) severe and well deserved
- condiments: seasonings; spices
- condole: express condolences; N. condolence: sympathy for someone who has experienced great sorrow
- condone: overlook; forgive; give tacit approval; excuse
- conducive: helpful; contributive; V. conduce; Ex. conduce to/towards
- conduit: aqueduct; passageway for fluids
- confidant(confidante): trusted friend (to whom one tells one's secret)
- confide: tell in confidence (to a person one trusts); be confident about
- confidence: self-assurance; calm unworried feeling based on a strong belief in one's abilities; strong belief in the ability of a person or plan; trust or faith in a person or thing; something confided; secret; Ex. confidence in your ability; Ex. I'm telling you thi
- confidential: spoken or written in secret; trusted with private matters; Ex. confidential secretary
- confine: shut in an enclosed space; restrict; keep within limits; N. confinement
- confiscate: seize; take possession of (private property) by official order (usu. as a punishment); commandeer
- conflagration: great fire
- confluence: flowing together; the place where two rivers flow together; crowd; gathering together
- conformist: person who uncritically conforms to the customs of a group; OP. nonconformist: one who does not conform to accepted beliefs of norms
- conformity: harmony; agreement with established rules or customs; similarity; Ex. behave in conformity with; V. conform: be similar; act in agreement; comply; Ex. conform to the rule; CF. conformance
- confound: confuse; puzzle
- congeal: freeze; coagulate
- congenial: pleasant; friendly; in agreement with one's tastes and nature; Ex. congenial weather
- congenital: existing at birth
- conglomerate: corporation made up of several different companies in diversified fields; mass of various material gathered together; rock consisting of small stones held together by clay; V.
- conglomeration: mass of material sticking together
- congruence: correspondence of parts; harmonious relationship; CF. congruity
- congruent: in agreement; harmonious; corresponding; coinciding exactly; CF. congruous
- conifer: pine tree (usu. evergreen); cone-bearing tree; ADJ. coniferous; CF. deciduous; CF. evergreen
- conjecture: surmise; guess; V.
- conjugal: pertaining to marriage
- conjure: cause to appear by magic; summon (a devil or a spirit) by magical power; practice magic (esp. by very quick movement of the hands); evoke; conjure up: bring into the mind; Ex. The magician conjured a rabbit out of his hat.
- connivance: pretense of ignorance of something wrong; assistance; permission to offend; V. connive: feign ignorance (of a wrong); cooperate secretly in an illegal action; conspire
- connoisseur: person competent to act as a judge of art, etc. (whose judgments are respected); a lover of an art
- connotation: suggested or implied meaning of an expression; V. connote
- connubial: pertaining to marriage or the matrimonial state
- consanguineous(consanguine): having a common ancestor
- consanguinity: kinship; relationship by birth
- conscientious: scrupulous; through and careful; Ex. conscientious worker
- conscript: draftee; person forced into military service; V.
- consecrate: dedicate; sanctify; declare as sacred; Ex. consecrate one's life to helping the poor
- consensus: general agreement; opinion reached by a group
- consequential: self-important; significant; consequent; following as a result; Ex. consequential air; CF. subsequent
- conservatory(conservatoire): school of the fine arts (especially music or drama); glass-enclosed area; CF. conservancy
- consign: send to a person or place for sale; deliver officially; entrust; put into the care of another; set apart (for a special purpose); N. consignment; CF. consignor, consignee
- consistency: absence of contradictions; uniformity; degree of thickness or firmness; Ex. consistency of thick cream; CF. viscous
- console: lessen sadness or disappointment; give comfort; allay the sorrow of; N. consolation
- consolidation: unification; process of becoming firmer or stronger; V. consolidate: merge; strengthen
- consonance: harmony; agreement
- consonant: harmonious; in agreement; N.
- consort: associate with; keep company; N: husband or wife (or a ruler)
- conspiracy: treacherous plot; secret plan against the law (by two or more people)
- conspire: take part in a conspiracy; (of events) work together; combine; Ex. Events conspired to produce great difficulties.
- consternation: great shock; dismay
- constituency: voters represented by an elected official; district so represented; group of supporters (or constituents)
- constituent: supporter; voter; member of a constituency; component
- constitution: constituting; system of laws; composition of something; physical makeup or structure of a person; Ex. men with strong constitutions
- constraint: restraint; compulsion; repression of feelings; reticence; V. constrain: hold back; restrain; compel; oblige; confine forcibly; imprison
- construe: explain; interpret; Ex. construe her silence as meaning that she agreed; CF. misconstrue
- consummate: complete; V.
- contagion: infection (by contact); ADJ. contagious; CF. infectious: that can be passed by infection in the air
- contaminate: pollute
- contempt: scorn; disdain; ADJ. contemptuous; CF. contemptible
- contend: struggle; compete; assert earnestly; state strongly
- contention: assertion; claim; thesis; struggling; competition
- contentious: quarrelsome; controversial; likely to cause arguments
- contest: dispute; argue about the rightness of; compete for; try to win; Ex. contest the election results; Ex. contest a seat in Parliament; N.
- context: writings preceding and following the passage quoted; circumstance in which an event occurs
- contiguous: adjacent to; touching upon
- continence: self-restraint; sexual chastity; sexual abstinence; voluntary control over bladder and bowel functions; ADJ. continent
- contingent: dependent on something uncertain or in the future; conditional; happening by chance; accidental; N: a group of soldiers, ships to a larger force; CF. contingency: future event that may or may not occur; possibility; Ex. prepare for every contingency
- contortions: twistings; distortions; V. contort: twist violently out of shape; CF. contortionist
- contraband: illegal trade; smuggling; smuggled goods; ADJ.
- contravene: contradict; oppose; violate (a rule, law, or custom); N. contravention
- contrite: penitent; repentant; N. contrition
- contrivance: something contrived; machine or apparatus; clever deceitful plan; scheme
- contrive: invent or fabricate in a clever way (by improvisation); manage; Ex. contrive to attract his attention
- contrived: unnatural and forced; artificial; not spontaneous; Ex. The ending was rather contrived.
- controvert: oppose with arguments; attempt to refute; contradict; ADJ. controversial; N. controversy
- contumacious: stubborn and disobedient; resisting authority (esp. disobedient to an order made by a court)
- contusion: bruise
- conundrum: riddle; difficult problem
- convene: come together; assemble; call to meet; Ex. convene the council
- convention: social or moral custom; established practice; formal meeting; international agreement
- conventional: ordinary; typical; not nuclear; Ex. conventional weapons
- converge: approach; tend to meet; come together
- conversant: familiar with; having knowledge of
- converse: opposite; ADJ.
- convert: one who has adopted a different religion or opinion; V: change into another form; (persuade to) adopt a particular religion or belief
- convex: curving outward
- conveyance: vehicle; transfer; act of conveying; Ex. public conveyance
- conviction: judgment that someone is guilty of a crime; strongly held belief
- convivial: pleasantly merry; festive; joyous; gay; characterized by joviality; jovial
- convoke: call together; Ex. convoke Parliament; N. convocation
- convoluted: coiled around; twisted; involved; complicated; intricate; complex; N. convolution: twist; one of the convex folds of the surface of the brain
- convulsion: violent uncontrollable shaking movement (caused by illness); V. convulse; ADJ. convulsive
- copious: plentiful
- coquette: flirt; flirtatious woman; woman who tries to attract the admiration of men without sincere feelings; V.
- cordial: warmly friendly; gracious; heartfelt; Ex. cordial welcome
- cordon: extended line of men or fortifications to prevent access or egress; V.
- cornice: projecting molding on building (usually above columns or pillars);
- cornucopia: horn (or horn-shaped container) overflowing with fruit and grain; symbol of abundance; horn of plenty
- corollary: natural consequence (which naturally follows from something else)
- coroner: public official who investigates any death thought to be of other than natural causes
- corporeal: bodily (rather than spiritual); of a bodily form; material; tangible
- corpulent: very fat; N. corpulence
- corpus: collection (of writings or information); Ex. the corpus of Shakespear's works; Cf. corpse
- corpuscle: red or white cell in the blood
- correlate: either of the correlated things; V.
- correlation: mutual relationship
- corroborate: confirm; support; strengthen
- corrode: destroy or wear away gradually by chemical action (over a long period)
- corrosive: eating away by chemicals or disease; (of language) fierce
- corrugated: wrinkled; ridged
- cosmic: pertaining to the universe; vast
- coterie: group that meets socially; select circle; close group of people with shared interests
- countenance: approve; support; tolerate; Ex. countenance his rude behavior; N: face; appearance
- countermand: cancel; revoke (an order)
- counterpart: thing that completes another; things very much alike; thing that has the same purpose in a different system
- coup: highly successful action or sudden attack; coup(s) d'\'etat; CF. coup de gr\^ace: deathblow or shot which kills
- couple: join; unite; OP. uncouple
- courier: messenger
- court: attempt to gain; seek; woo; risk; behave so as to invite; attempt to gain the favor of by attention; Ex. court disaster
- covenant: binding agreement between two groups or people; compact; V: enter into a covenant; promise
- covert: secret; hidden; implied; OP. overt
- covetous: avaricious; desirous of (someone else's possessions); V. covet: desire eagerly (someone else's possessions)
- cow: terrorize; intimidate
- cower: shrink quivering as from fear; cringe
- coy: shy (flirtatiously); showing a (pretended) lack of self-confidence; modest; coquettish; CF. job offer
- cozen: cheat; hoodwink; swindle
- crabbed: sour; bad-tempered; peevish; difficult to read as handwriting
- craft: skill (esp. with one's hands); skill in deceiving people; guile; ADJ. crafty: cleverly deceitful; cunning
- crass: very unrefined; grossly insensible; crude and undiscriminating; Ex. crass behavior
- crave: desire; want intensely
- craven: cowardly
- credence: belief
- credential: evidence concerning one's authority; written proof of a person's position; Ex. The new ambassador presented his credentials to the court.
- credo: creed
- credulity: belief on slight evidence; gullibility; naivet\'e; ADJ. credulous
- creed: system of religious or ethical belief
- creep: move with body close to the ground; move stealthily or slowly; N.
- cremate: incinerate (a corpse); N. crematory, crematorium
- crescendo: increase in the volume or intensity as in a musical passage; climax; CF. crescent
- crest: top (as of a hill or wave); showy feathers on the head of a bird
- crestfallen: dejected; dispirited
- crevice: crack; fissure
- cringe: shrink back as if in fear; cower
- crinkle: wrinkle
- criteria: standards used in judging; CF. criterion
- crochet: make (a piece of needlework) by looping thread with a hooked needle; N. CF. crotchet
- crone: hag; ugly old woman
- cross: bad-tempered; showing ill-humor; angry
- crossbreed: hybridize; N: hybrid; CF. interbreed; CF. inbreed
- crotchety: (of someone old) eccentric; odd; whimsical; bad-tempered; N. crotchet: odd or whimsical notion
- crust: hard outer covering (as of earth or snow)
- crux: essential or main point; Ex. the crux of the problem; ADJ. crucial: of deciding importance
- crypt: secret recess or vault usually used for burial; underground room (under a church)
- cryptic: mysterious; hidden; secret
- cubicle: small chamber used for sleeping or work
- cue: word or signal (as in a play to prompt another actor's speech or entrance); reminder or hint; V: give a cue to
- cuisine: style of cooking; Ex. French cuisine
- culinary: relating to cooking or kitchen
- cull: pick out from others (to kill the weakest members); reject; select; collect (information); N.
- culmination: highest point; climax; V. culminate in: reach the highest point in; end in; Ex. a series of minor clashes culminating in war
- culpable: deserving blame; blameworthy
- culprit: one guilty of a crime
- culvert: artificial channel for water; drain crossing under a road
- cumbersome: heavy and awkward to carry or wear; burdensome; Ex. cumbersome parcel/uniform
- cumulative: growing by addition; accumulative
- cunning: clever in deceiving; sly; N: cleverness in deceiving; deceit
- cupidity: greed (for wealth); CF. cupid; CF. Cupid
- curator: superintendent; manager (in charge of a museum or a library)
- curb: chain or strap used with a bit to restrain a horse; something that checks; V: check; restrain
- curfew: regulation requiring all people to leave the streets at stated times; signal (as a bell) announcing the hour of a curfew
- curmudgeon: churlish, miserly individual; bad-tempered old person
- cursive: (of writing) flowing; running; having the successive letters joined
- cursory: casual; hastily done with little attention to detail
- curtail: shorten; reduce
- cynical: skeptical or distrustful of human motives; N. cynicism; CF. cynic: person who believes all people are motivated by selfishness
- cynosure: object of general attention; person or thing that is a center of attention; CF. Ursa Minor
- dabble: work at in a nonserious fashion; splash around; move noisily in a liquid
- dainty: delicate; delicately beautiful; fastidious; not easy to please; Ex. dainty movement/dress
- dais: raised platform for speakers or other important people
- dally: trifle with; toy with; treat without the necessary seriousness; procrastinate; waste time
- damn: condemn; criticize severely; condemn to everlasting punishment; doom; bring to ruin; N. damnation
- dank: damp; unpleasantly wet
- dapper: neat and trim (in appearance); (of small men) neat in appearance and quick in movements; neat; spry
- dappled: spotted
- dart: move or throw suddenly and quickly
- daub: smear (as with paint); cover with something sticky; Ex. daub one's clothes with mud/paint; N: small bit of sticky substance; Ex. a daub of paint
- daunt: intimidate; frighten; discourage; dishearten
- dauntless: bold; fearless
- dawdle: loiter; hang around; waste time doing nothing
- daze: stun as with a blow or shock; bemuse; benumb; N.
- dazzle: make blind with a sudden intense light; amaze; fill with wonder
- deadlock: standstill resulting from the opposition of two unrelenting forces; stalemate
- deadpan: wooden; impassive; with no show of feeling; with an expressionless face
- dearth: scarcity
- debacle: sudden disastrous downfall or defeat; complete disaster
- debar: bar; forbid; exclude; Ex. debarred from jury services
- debase: degrade; reduce in quality or value; degenerate; lower in esteem; disgrace; N. debasement
- debauch: corrupt morally; seduce from virtue; N. debauchery: wild behavior (with sex and alcohol)
- debilitate: weaken (esp. through heat, hunger, illness); enfeeble
- debonair: (of men) friendly, charming, and fashionably dressed; aiming to please; CF. of good disposition
- debris: rubble; wreckage; scattered remains of something broken or destroyed
- debunk: expose as false, exaggerated, worthless, etc.; ridicule
- debut: d\'ebut; first public appearance; formal presentation of a young woman to society
- debutante: young woman making formal entrance into society
- decadence: decay; fall to a lower level (of morality, civilization, or art); ADJ. decadent
- decant: pour off gently (wine or liquid)
- decapitate: behead
- decelerate: slow down
- deciduous: falling off at a specific season or stage of growth as of leaves; Ex. deciduous tree/teeth
- decimate: kill (usually one out of ten or every tenth man); destroy or kill a large part of
- decipher: decode; CF. indecipherable
- declivity: downward slope
- decollete: (of a dress) having a low-cut neckline; CF. d\'ecolletage: low neckline (on a dress)
- decomposition: decay; V. decompose: decay; break and separate into simple parts
- decorous: proper (in behavior, conduct, or appearance)
- decorum: propriety; orderliness and good taste in manners; appropriateness of behavior or conduct
- decoy: lure or bait; V.
- decree: authoritative order; edict; judgment of a court of law; V: order or judge by decree
- decrepit: weak and in bad condition from old age or hard use; Ex. decrepit old chair/man
- decrepitude: state of collapse or weakness caused by illness or old age
- decry: express strong disapproval of; condemn openly (something dangerous to the public); disparage; Ex. decry the violence of modern films
- deducible: derived by reasoning; V. deduce: infer; derive by reasoning
- deface: mar; disfigure
- defalcate: embezzle
- defame: harm someone's reputation; malign; speak evil of; slander; N. defamation; ADJ. defamatory
- default: failure to act; failure to perform a task or be present; V.
- defeatist: resigned to defeat or failure; accepting defeat or failure as a natural outcome; N. CF. defeatism
- defect: shortcoming; V: desert (in order to join the opposite one)
- defection: desertion
- defer: give in respectfully; submit; delay till later; exempt temporarily; N. deferment; CF. show respect, comply with, courteous
- deference: courteous regard for another's wish; courteous yielding to another's wish or opinion (showing respect); ADJ. deferential; OP. effrontery
- defiance: refusal to yield; resistance; V. defy; ADJ. defiant
- defile: pollute; make filthy or dirty; corrupt morally; profane; desecrate; N: narrow passage or gorge through mountains
- definitive: most reliable; authorative and complete; that cannot be improved; conclusive; decisive; definite; Ex. definitive decision by the supreme court
- deflect: turn aside; turn away from a straight course
- defoliate: destroy leaves; deprive of leaves (by the use of chemicals); N. defoliant
- defray: provide for the payment of; undertake the payment of; pay
- defrock: strip a priest or minister of church authority; unfrock
- deft: neat; skillful
- defunct: dead; no longer in use or existence
- degenerate: become worse in quality; deteriorate; ADJ: having become worse; Ex. a degenerate species; N: depraved or corrupt person
- degradation: humiliation; debasement; degeneration; V. degrade: debase; disgrace; degenerate; reduce (something) in worth; demote (someone); reduce in rank
- dehydrate: remove water from; dry out
- deify: turn into a god; make a god of; idolize; Ex. Kings were deified; CF. deity
- deign: condescend; stoop
- delete: erase; strike out
- deleterious: harmful
- deliberate: consider; ponder; ADJ: done on purpose; slow
- delineate: portray; depict; sketch; describe; N. delineation
- delirium: mental disorder marked by confusion; uncontrolled excitement; ADJ. delirious
- delta: flat plain of mud or sand between branches of a river
- delude: deceive
- deluge: flood; rush; V.
- delusion: false belief; hallucination; deluding; Ex. delusions of grandeur; Ex. under the delusion that
- delusive: deceptive; likely to delude; misleading; raising vain hopes; Ex. delusive promises
- delve: dig; search deeply; investigate
- demagogue: person who appeals to people's prejudice; false leader of people; CF. demagoguery
- demean: disgrace; humiliate; debase in dignity; behave
- demeanor: behavior; bearing
- demented: insane
- demerit: fault; bad quality
- demise: death
- demographic: related to population balance; N. demography: statistical study of human population
- demolition: destruction; V. demolish
- demoniac(demoniacal): fiendish; cruel; N. demon: evil supernatural being; devil
- demotic: of or pertaining to the people
- demur: object (because of doubts, scruples); raise an objection (showing qualms); hesitate; Ex. demur at the idea of working on Sunday
- demure: (of a woman or child) grave; quiet and serious; coy; pretending to be demure
- denigrate: blacken; defame
- denizen: (animal, person, or plant) inhabitant or resident of a particular place; regular visitor
- denomination: religious group; unit in a system; name or designation; CF. denominator: common trait or characteristic
- denotation: meaning; distinguishing by name; V. denote: indicate; refer to directly; mean; CF. connotation
- denouement: final outcome; final development of the plot of a play or other literary work; the end of a story when everything is explained
- denounce: condemn; criticize; N. denunciation
- depict: portray
- deplete: reduce; exhaust
- deplore: regret; express sorrow and severe disapproval for something bad; Ex. deplore their violent behavior; ADJ. deplorable: very bad; deserving severe disapproval; Ex. deplorable living condition
- deploy: spread out (troops) in an extended though shallow battle line; distribute (persons or forces) systematically or strategically
- deport: send out of the country; behave; N. deportation, deportment
- depose: dethrone; remove from office; give a deposition; testify
- deposition: testimony under oath; deposing; dethroning
- depravity: extreme corruption; wickedness; V. deprave
- deprecate: express disapproval of; deplore; protest against; belittle; ADJ. deprecatory
- depreciate: lessen in value; belittle; represent as of little value
- depredation: plundering; destruction
- deputize: work or appoint as a deputy; N. deputy: person who has the power to take charge when the leading person is away
- deranged: insane
- derelict: negligent; (of someone) neglectful of duty; (of something) deserted by an owner; abandoned; N: abandoned property; homeless or vagrant person
- dereliction: neglect of duty; abandonment
- deride: ridicule; treat with contempt; make fun of; OP. respect
- derision: ridicule; ADJ. derisive; CF. derisory
- derivation: deriving; origin or source of something; Ex. the derivation of the word
- derivative: unoriginal; obtained from another source; Ex. derivative prose style; N.
- dermatologist: one who studies the skin and its diseases
- derogatory: expressing a low opinion; disparaging; V. derogate: detract; disparage
- descry: catch sight of (something distant)
- desecrate: profane; violate the sanctity of
- deserts: what someone deserves
- desiccate: dry up
- desolate: make desolate; forsake; abandon and desert
- desperado: reckless, desperate outlaw
- desperate: having lost all hope; despairing; reckless and violent because of loss of hope or despair; undertaken as a last resort
- despise: look on with scorn; regard as worthless or distasteful; ADJ. despicable: contemptible
- despoil: plunder; sack; Ex. despoil the village
- despondent: without hope and courage; depressed; gloomy; N. despondency: loss of hope with gloom; dejection
- despot: tyrant; harsh, authoritarian ruler; CF. despotism