Quizlet Basic Carriers and Channels

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  1. Active Transport: Is a coupled chemical reaction. ATPases such as Na+/K+ pump. Move solute against gradient.
  2. Antiport: Transport of solute against its gradient coupled with the transport of a solute down. One transported OUT one transported IN
  3. c=: concentration of extracellular glucose
  4. Co-substrates: Carrier
  5. Competitive Inhibition: 1)Increase Km (lowers affinity) 2) Vmax is unchanged
  6. Describe formation of Lactate: Glucose ==> 2 lactic acid ==> H+ and lactate-
  7. Diffusion single file through narrow point: Channel
  8. Enzyme like reaction: Carrier
  9. Exhibit counter-transport: Carrier
  10. Facillitated Diffusion: Solutes pass down their gradients.
  11. gpaAT family is made of: Antiporters
  12. gpaAT family transport: Amino Acids
  13. How does Insulin Lower blood glucose: 1)Increase glucose metabolism in muscle 2)Inhibits glucose production in liver
  14. How many GLUT proteins are there: 12
  15. Km=: describes affinity, lower Km the tighter the substrate binds.
  16. Lactic acid crosses cell membrane by: By diffusion as it is acidic and more permeable in lipids
  17. MCT family transport: Monocarboxylates
  18. Michaelis Menten Equation: V = [Vmax]/ 1 + (km/c)
  19. Non Competitive Inhibition: 1)Lowers Vmax 2) Km is unchanged
  20. Secondary Transport (cotransport): Secondary active transport couples movement of one substrate against its concentration gradient to the movement of a second solute down its concentration gradient
  21. Selectivity related to molecular interaction of solute substrate: Carrier
  22. Selectivity related to size and charge of hydrated ion: Channel
  23. Symport: Transport of solute against its gradient coupled with the transport of a solute down. Both transported INTO cell.
  24. Transport is saturable: True
  25. Uniport: Transport a single solute down its gradient
  26. V=: initial rate
  27. Vmax=: rate of transport when all of GLUT1 contain a bound solute
  28. What % of lactate cross membrane by diffusion: 0.5%
  29. What class of ATP pump is the Na+/K+ pump: P-class
  30. What do islet B cells in the pancreas release: Insulin after rise in blood glucose.
  31. What does the GLUT family transport: Hexoses such as glucose
  32. What is cytosolic pH kept at: 7.2
  33. What is the basal plasma concentration of lactate and lactic acid: 1mM (lactic acid 0.0035) and (lactate 0.996)
  34. What subunits does the ABC Superfamily of ATPases have: 2 A subunits that the ATP bind to in cytosol. 2 T subunits
  35. What type of transporter are the GLUT family made of: Uniporters and Antiporters
  36. What type of transporter are the MCT family made of: Symporters
  37. Where are GLUT2 found: Liver cells and islet B cells of pancreas
  38. Why does GLUT1 have a lower Km than GLUT2: When INCREASE of blood glucose from b.v 5mM to about 10mM after a meal, GLUT2 will transport double value of glucose whereas GLUT1 transport level increases slightly