- Hellenistic: term given to the culture that developed after the death of Alex the Great in 323 BCE and lasted almost 3 centuries until the Roman conquest of Egypt in 31 BCE
- Nike: athena's attendant who is the personification of victory
- acropolis: high city
- amphora: two-handled storage jar
- caryatid: a female figure that functions as a supporting column
- cella: the chamber at the center of an ancient temple
- centaur: mythological beast that was part man, part horse
- contrapposto: counterbalance
- entablature: the part of a building above the columns and below the roof
- entasis: the convex profile in the shaft of a column
- frieze: the part of an entablature between the architrave and cornice; any scupltured or painted band in a building
- gigantomachy: battle of gods and giants
- humanism: emphasis on education and on expanding knowledge, exploration of individuals potential and a desire to excel, and a commitment to civic responsibilities and moral duty
- kore: statue of a goddess or maiden
- kouros: statue of male youth
- krater: an ancient Greek wide-mouthed bowl for mixing wine and water
- meander: key pattern around the rim of a krater
- metope: panel between the triglyphs in a Doric frieze, often sculpted in relief
- naos: in a classical temple, this room is where the cult statue usually stood
- parapet: a low, protective wall along the edge of a balcony or roof
- pediment: the triangular space (gable) at the end of a building, formed by the ends of the sloping roof above the colonnade
- peplos: simple, long, woolen, belted garment
- peripteral: single row of columns on all sides
- peristyle: a colonnade all around the cella and its porch(es)
- portico: roofed colonnade
- stereobate: the first step leading up to a building, such as the Parthenon
- tholos: temple with a circular plan
- triglyph: a triple projecting, grooved member of a Doric frieze that alternates with metopes
- volute: spiral, scroll-like form characteristic of the Ionic order