- Central Business District: core of the city
- Communism: In this government and economic system, nearly all political power and means of production are held by the government in the name of all the people
- Dictatorship: An individual or group holds complete political power.
- Landlocked: Country surrounded by other land and with no direct outlet to the sea- must find ways to bulid connections to the rest of the world to get goods in and out of the country.
- Monarchy: A ruling family headed by a king or queen holds political power and may or may not share the power with citizen bodies
- acculturation: occurs when society changes because it accepts or adopts an innovation
- birthrate: the number of births a year
- carrying capacity: the number of organisms a piece of land can support
- city: Centers of buisness and culture
- cultural hearth: is a site ofinnovation from which basic ideas materials and technology diffuse to many cultures
- culture: the total of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours passed on by the members of a spicific group
- democracy: Citizens that hold political power, eighter directly or though elected representatives
- dialect: versions of language
- diffusion: the spread of ideas, inventions, or paterns of behavior
- ethnic group: a specific group that shares a language, customs, and a comon heritage
- fertility rate: the number of children a woman would have
- infant mortality rate: the number of deaths in children per thousand
- innovation: taking existing technology and resources and creating something new to meet a need
- metropolitan area: City, its suburbs, and exburbs
- mortality rate: the number of deaths per thousand
- nation: A group of people with a common culture living in a territory and having a strong sence of unity
- nation-state: When a nation and a state occupy the same territory
- population density: to understand how heavily populated an area is
- population pyramid: a graphic device that shows sex age distrubution of a population
- push pull factors: reasons for migrating
- rate of natural increase: population growth rate
- religion: consist of belief in a supernatural power or powers that are regarded as the creators and maintainers of the universe
- society: A group that shares a Geographic region, a sense of identity, and a culture
- state: An independent unit that occupies a spicific territory and has full control of it's own internal and external affairs
- suburb: political units touching the borders of the city or other suburbs
- urban geography: The study of how people use space in cities
- urbanization: Dramatic rise in # of cities and the change of lifestyle