- Abraham: takes his people on a journey to caanan thousands of years of war
- Akhnaton: Sickly king who changed the main god of egypt from something to aton.changed his name from akhnamen to akhnaton. lost support of priests. wife:nefertiti, 6daughters, 1son...king tut
- akkad: city state in akkadian empire
- akkadians: "Semitic people" north of the Sumerian city-states
- Aramaic: semetic language---hebrew alphabet
- Asherbanipal-ul: kicked ass, assyrian, recorded everything, built first library, 22,000 clay tablets
- Asian: shhh
- assyrians: semetic nomads that related to hebrews, adapted culture from babylonians, nomads, conquered egypt threw wars, aser main city, conquered mesopotamia, built roads,
- Aton: Sun god
- Babylon: biblical-tried to build a temple t reach god, but god was like you cant understand eachother, historical-city states, not empire, king for each city,HANGING GARDENS OF BABYLON
- Babylonians: conquered sumerians have a class system
- Book of the dead: instruction manuel on how to gt to the after life---maat
- bronze age: period in which people used copper and tin, made tools and shields and weapons, propels civilization
- Caananites: palestian semites hebrews and phonecians
- Carthage: most dominant phonecian city, colonies each had political independence, fight three wars with rome, traded with rome alot
- Chaldaens: descendents of hammurabi, lots of people who did shit
- civilization: farming, herding, organized gov., organized religion, culture, writing
- Cleopatra: fucked all the bitches, last pharoah, ptolomy family(greek)
- division of labor: woman gathered, men hunted
- Dorians: mysterious sea peoples, conquered hittites
- epic of gilgamesh: about a strong leader who was part god, where the ods got mad, slept around, part human part animal became best friends, killed bull god, female sent, Inkadu fll in love, gilgamesh is sad, seaches for eternal life-snae-dont fuck with the gods
- Giza: the perfect place for pyramids because of the enviroments---3 great pryramids---sphyninx
- hammurabi: sixth king of babylon, first to write for an entire empire---eye for an eye
- Hatsepsut: ruled in place of stepson for 22 years, first pharoah to open up trade to Mesopotamia,
- hebrews: "dusty ones" monotheistic, abraham was father, from sumer
- hieroglyphics: second form of writing, pictographs
- Hittites: founded the iron age, took over the babylonian empire (used chariots) conquered by dorians
- Homoerectus: man who walks upright
- Horus: god of sky
- Hyksos: new invading group from turkey,
- Immmortals: wore purple, masks, the best fighters, so good and so many, if people died in battle the same amount would be back the next day, 10,000 soldiers made them up
- Indo-European: Language family (french, farsi) all languages trace back to it
- Iranians: descendeants of the persians
- israel: jerusalem capital, split into israel-Judea, bc of heavy taxes
- jacob: grandson of Abraham, renamed israel
- jericho: 8500-7000 bc massive walls were blown down, settled by many people semetic hebrews, oldest city
- Judah: bottom half of israel when split fell to Chaldeans when temple was destroyed
- King CYrus: conquered the Chaldaens, lydians, and Medes, began the Immortals, pErsIAn
- King Darius: ruled persia at its greatest, created the satraps and satrapies system
- King david: deafeated goliath, coveted women, jerusalem became capital
- King Saul: first hebrew king
- King Soloman: built the temple of jerusalem, taxed heavily to finish temple--money in africa
- King Tutankhamen: son of nefertiti, son of akhnaton-immediately changed god back uder pressure from priests (tomb discovery)
- Kufu: perfect pyramid
- Maat: final test the guy that would weigh your heart against a feather, way of life--- balance ad harmony
- Memphis: capiyal of the united egypt, easier to go up down river
- Menes: united egypt--KING not pharoh of upper egypt, vreates capital---Memphis
- mesopotamia: part of fertlie crescent, where sumerian people settled, birth of civilization, class system
- Middle Kingdom: restuctured by he south, lower class protected, pharoh had less power, traded with outside countrys, gave shit to small people
- Monotheism: the belief in one god
- Mustaba: buried in sand
- Neanderthal: short stocky human, replaced by cromagnum
- Nebuchadnezzer: Chaldaen king, hanging gardens of babylon for wife, imported trees to make his own wate system
- New Kingdom: reunited by atmose age of the pharoh
- new stone age: neolithic age, agricultural revolution
- nile River: longest river, gift of the nile, flooded egypt to keep it fertile---aluvian soil
- Old Kingdom: founded by Menes, period of pyramids
- old stone age: paleolithic age, nomadic, hunting and gathering
- old testament: times before jesus, torah
- Osiris: god of agriculture, ruler of death
- papyrus: read that when woven made paper
- Persians: arians from india, now live in iran, greatest king was Cyrus
- pharoah: means great house, king chief priest GOD
- Phonecians: advanced people group settled in modern day Lebanon, mASTERS OF TRADE invented the color purple
- Phonetic alphabet: 22 letters
- Ra: sun god
- Ramses II: moses story ruled for 67 years in the 13th cent. battled for territory of canaan the fight ended in tie. ---treat of hittities
- Rosetta stone: black stone that had 3 different languages on it frnch dude discovered it.
- Sargon1: king of akkad, conquered sumer first emperor, ruled for 50 years when he died it fell apart
- satrapies: provinces under Darius
- satraps: rulers of satrapies under king darius
- scribe: write the history and stuff
- Semites: defined by language, made u the akkadian dynasty, palestine was semetic
- Sumer: wasnt an empire, each city rulle by king, 2000 gods-chief od, mud, polotheistic
- Thebes: City Akhnaton was the ruler of-Amun-Re to Aton
- Treaty of the Hittities: First treaty in history, battle over Caanan
- Tutmose III: great pharoah, ruled egypt at its largest. Nubian, conquered qalestine and syria
- Ur: was main city of sumer, used canas and levees for farming, sumerian city when sagaon 1 dies along with the akadian dynasty it rises again
- ur-nammu: first to write the laws for a city, since it is written it is harde to change
- Yahweh: god of hebrews
- Ziggurat: "hill of haven" center of sumerian city, the chief god lived in it.
- Zoaster: prophet created religious system with two gods---ahura mazda...ahriman