Quizlet Psychology: Chapter 10

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  1. Bilingualism: An ability to speak two languages.
  2. Cognition: The process of thinking or mentally processing information.
  3. Concept: A generalized idea representing a class of related objects or events.
  4. Concept Formation: The process of classifying information into meaningful categories
  5. Conceptual Rule: A formal rule for deciding whether an object or event is an example of a particular concept.
  6. Conjunctive Concept: A class of objects that have two of more features in common. (For example, to qualify as an example of the concept an object must be both red and triangular.
  7. Connotative Meaning: The subjective, personal, or emotional meaning of a word or concept.
  8. Denotative Meaning: The exact, dictionary definition of a word or concept; its objective meaning.
  9. Disjunctive Concept: A concept defined by the presence of at least one of several possible features. (For example, to qualify an object must be either blue or circular).
  10. Grammar: A set of rules for combining language units into meaningful speech or writing.
  11. Image: Most often, a mental representation that has picture-like qualities; an icon.
  12. Language: Words or symbols, and rules for combining them, that are used for thinking and communication.
  13. Morphemes: The smallest meaningful units in a language, such as syllables or words.
  14. Negative Instance: In concept learning, and object or event that does not belong to the concept class.
  15. Phonemes: The basic speech sounds of a language.
  16. Positive Instance: In concept learning, and object or event that belongs to the concept class.
  17. Prototype: An ideal model used as a prime example of a particular concept.
  18. Relational Concept: A concept defined by the relationship between features of an objet or between an object and its surroundings (for example, "greater than," "lopsided").
  19. Semantics: The study of meanings in language.
  20. Synethesia: Experiencing one sense in terms normally associated with another selse; for example, "seeing" colors when a sound is heard.
  21. Syntax: Rules for ordering words when forming sentences.
  22. Transformation Rules: Rules by which a simple declarative sentence may be changed to other voices or forms (past tense, passive voice, and so forth).
  23. Two-way Bilingual Program: A program in which English-speaking children and children with linited English proficiency are taugh half the day in English and half in a second language.