- iliocostalis: Lateralmost the the three longitudinal muscles of the back. Lies on the dorsal portion of the ribs and is covered by the serratus dorsalis muslces
- Longissimus dorsi: Thick muscles mass lying lateral to Spinalis dorsi. Fills the space between the spinous and transverse process of vertebrae in the thoracolumbar region.
- Multifidus spinae: Best seen in sacral region adjacent to mid-dorsal line. In thoracic region, covered by other deep back muscles. Extends into the neck and continues as the semispinalis cervicis.
- Serratus dorsalis inferior: thin muscle, lies caudal to serratus dorsalis superior and is located over the dorsal part of the lumbar region.
- Serratus dorsalis superior: A thin sheet of muscle and tendon located on the dorsal part of the thorax and neck
- Spinalis dorsi: Most medial of the deep muscles of the back. Lies in the mid-dorsal thoracic region