Quizlet AP Psych Motivation & Emotion

Print Options

This box will be automatically hidden when printing. Return to Set Page


  1. achievement motivation: a desire for significant accomplishment: for mastery of things, people, or ideas; for attaining a high standard
  2. adaptation-level phenomenon: our tendency to form judgments (of sounds, of lights, of income) relative to a "neutral" level defined by our prior experience.
  3. anorexia nervosa: an eating disorder in which a normal-weight person (usually an adolescent female) diets and becomes significantly (15% or more) underweight, yet, still feeling fat, continues to starve
  4. basal metabolic rate: the body's resting rate of energy expenditure
  5. bulimia nervosa: an eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high caloric foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise
  6. Cannon-Bard theory: the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1)physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion
  7. catharsis: emotional release. In psychology, the catharsis hypothesis maintains that "releasing" aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges.
  8. drive-reduction theory: the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need
  9. emotion: a response of the whole organism involving (1) physiological arousal, (2)expressive behaviors, and (3)conscious experience
  10. estrogen: a sex hormone, secreted in greater amounts by females than males. In nonhuman female mammals, estrogen levels peak during ovulation, promoting sexual receptivity
  11. extrinsic motivation: a desire to perform a behavior due to promised rewards or threats of punishment
  12. feel-good, do-good phenomenon: people's tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood.
  13. glucose: the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. when its level is low, we feel hunger.
  14. hierarchy of needs: Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychology needs become active
  15. homeostasis: a tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level
  16. incentive: a positive or negative environmental stimulus that regulates behavior
  17. industrial/organizational psychology: a subfield of psychology that studies and advises on workplace behavior. (I/O) psychologists help organizations select and train employees, boost morale and productivity, and design products and assess responses to them
  18. instinct: a complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned
  19. intrinsic motivation: a desire to perform a behavior for its own sake and to be effective
  20. James-Lange theory: the theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli
  21. motivation: a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior
  22. polygraph: a machine, commonly used in attempts to detect lies, that measures several of the physiological responses accompanying emotion (such as perspiration, heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing changes).
  23. refractory period: a resting period after orgasm, during which a man cannot achieve another orgasm
  24. relative-deprivation: the perception that one is worse off relative to those with whom one compares oneself
  25. set point: the point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is supposedly set. When the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and lowered metabolic rate may act to restore the lost weight
  26. sexual disorder: a problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal of functioning
  27. sexual orientation: an enduring sexual attraction toward members of either one's own gender (homosexual orientation) or the other gender (heterosexual orientation)
  28. sexual response cycle: the four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson- excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution
  29. social leadership: group-oriented leadership tha builds teamwork, mediates conflict, and offers support
  30. subjective well-being: self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life. Used along with measures of objective-well being(for example, physical and economic indicators) to evaluate people's quality of life.
  31. task leadership: goal-oriented leadership that sets standards, organizes work, and focuses attention on goals
  32. theory X: assumes that workers are basically lazy, error-prone, and extrinsically motivated by money and thus, should be directed from above
  33. theory Y: assumes that, given challenge and freedom, workers are motivated to achieve self-esteem and to demonstrate their competence and creativity
  34. two-factor theory: Schachter's theory that to experience emotion one must (1)be physically aroused and (2)cognitively label the arousal