Quizlet CSD Chapter 6

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  1. Acoustic neuroma: A tumor arising on the auditory (VIIIth cranial) nerve
  2. Acoustic reflex: The measurable contraction of the muscles of the middle ear in response to an intense sound
  3. Air conduction: The pathway of sounds that includes the oter ear, middle ear, inner ear, and the structures beyond.
  4. Air-bone gap (ABG): The difference, in decibels, between the air-conduction threshold and the bone conduction threshold.
  5. Audiogram: A grah depicting the threshold of audibility (in decibels) as a function of different frequencies.
  6. Audiometer: A device used for the measurement of hearing.
  7. Auditory nerve: The VIIIth cranial nerve that carries information from the inner ear to the brain about hearing and balance.
  8. Bone conduction: The pathway of sound that bypasses the conductive mechanisms of the other and middle ear by vibrating the skull and stimulating the cochlea of the inner ear.
  9. Central auditory processing disorder (CAPD): Difficulty in discriminating speech, often in the presence of background noise, and frequently in the absence of the loss of hearing sensitivity.
  10. Cochlea: A structure in the inner ear that converts the mechanical energy received from the middle ear into an electrochemical code for transmission to the brain.
  11. Conductive hearing loss: A loss of hearing sensitivity caused by damage in to the outer and/or middle ear.
  12. Hearing Level (HL): The reference that uses normal hearing in the scale of decibels.
  13. Immittance: Measurement of the impedance of the tympanic membrane or admittance of sound to the middle ear.
  14. Mastoid process: The bony protrusion behind the pinna.
  15. Mixed hearing loss: A combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss in the same ear.
  16. Myringotomy: Incision into the typanic membrane with insertion of a small ventilating tube.
  17. Otitis media: Ifection of the middle ear.
  18. Otosclerosis: A hearing loss caused by bony fixation of the stapes in the oval window
  19. Phonetically balanced (PB) word list: Lists of 50 words that are supposed to contain all the phonetic elements of English speech. These lists are used for testing word recognition
  20. Sensorineural Hearing loss: Hearing loss caused by damage to the inner ear and/or auditory nerve.
  21. Speech-recognition threshold (SRT): The lowest intensity at which speech can barely be heard.
  22. Spondee: A two-syllable word pronounced with equal emphasis on both syllables. Used in testing the SRT.
  23. Threshold of audibility: The lowest intensity at which a signal can barely be heard.
  24. Tinnitus: Ringing, roaring, or other sounds heard ing the absence of an external sound.
  25. Tympanometry: A pressure/compliance function that reveals the status of the middle ear.
  26. Vestibular mechanism: That part of the inner ear responsible for reporting balance and equilibrium to the brain.
  27. Word-recognition score (WRS): The score, in percent, that reveals the ability to discriminate amonf the sounds of speech.