Quizlet Test 4

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  1. Abdomen: cavity between thoracic and pelvic cavities
  2. Abducent: drawing away from the midline; also the VI cranial nerve
  3. Abduction: (also) drawing away from the midline
  4. Acapnia: a deficiency of carbon dioxide in the blood and tissues
  5. Acral: referring to extremities (hands, feet)
  6. Acromegaly: large extremities
  7. Actinic: relating to the chemical changes caused by radiant energy (sunlight)
  8. Actinodermatitis: skin inflammation caused by exposure to sunlight
  9. Adduction: drawing toward the midline
  10. Adipsia: not drinking
  11. Adrenal: next to the kidney
  12. AED: Automated External Defibrillator
  13. Aerophagia: swallowing air
  14. Agglutinate: to glue together
  15. Alimentary: concerned with nutrition
  16. Ambulance: vehicle to transport patients that cannot walk
  17. Ambulate: to walk
  18. Anaerobic: grows without air
  19. Anatomy: dissecting the body to study shape and structure (dissection for a positive reason)
  20. Angiogenesis: growing new blood vessels
  21. Angiogram: a radiograph after administering an contrast media in the vessel
  22. Anorexia: lack of appetite
  23. Anoxia: no oxygen
  24. Antebrachium: forearm to wrist (carpus)
  25. Antebrachium: forearm (from elbow to wrist)
  26. Antecubital: pertaining to in front of (distal to) the elbow
  27. Antemortem: before death
  28. Anterior: placed in front of
  29. Anterolateral: in front of and away from midline
  30. Anteroventral: lower aspect of front
  31. Antibiotic: against microbes
  32. Antisepsis: against infection
  33. Antitussive: cough suppressant
  34. Anuresis: urine retention
  35. Apicotomy: incision into a pointed structure
  36. Apnea: no breathing
  37. Apocrine: a (pinched off) portion of a cell is released with a secretory product
  38. Aponeurosis: a sheet of fibrous tissue binding muscles together or muscle to bone
  39. Archencephalon: primitive front and middle part of brain
  40. Arrhythmia: lack of heart rhythm
  41. Arterial: pertaining to carrying of oxygenated blood
  42. Artery: blood vessel that carries air (oxygenated blood)
  43. Arthritis: inflammation of a joint
  44. Arthrocentesis: puncture and aspiration of joint fluid
  45. Articulate: united by joints
  46. Asphyxia: (literally “lack of pulse”), contemporary meaning is “suffocation”
  47. Aspiration: breathing in of a foreign substance
  48. Asthma: constriction and obstruction of airways
  49. Astigmatism: unequal curvature of the cornea that prevents clear focus on one point on retina
  50. Ataxia: loss of the ability to coordinate muscular movement
  51. Atherosclerosis: yellow plaques in arteries
  52. Atrophy: wasting away, as if from no nutrition
  53. Auricle: ear or ear-like appendage
  54. Auricular: pertaining to the ear
  55. Axilla: armpit area
  56. Barium: heavy metal used for constrast studies with radiography (x-rays)
  57. Baroreceptor: monitor tissue for blood pressure
  58. Basioccipital: bone in the base of the skull in front of foramen magnum
  59. Basisphenoid: relating to the body of the sphenoid bone
  60. Bathypnea: deep breathing
  61. Bicuspid: having two points (e.g. bicuspid teeth, biscuspid valves)
  62. Blepharoptosis: droopy upper eyelid
  63. Blepharospasm: twitch in eyelid
  64. Borborygmus: Digestive Rumbling
  65. BPH: Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
  66. Brachiocephalic: pertaining to arm and head
  67. Brachygnathia: short jawed
  68. Bradycardia: slow heart beat
  69. Bronchi: airway branches off the trachea
  70. Bronchodilator: something that opens the small airways
  71. Buccal: pertaining to or directed toward the cheek
  72. BUN: Blood Urea Nitrogen
  73. Calcaneus: heel bone
  74. Callous: to become hardened
  75. Callus: hard thickening of skin or bone
  76. Canthus: corner of the eyelid (medial or lateral canthus)
  77. Capitulum: small head or rounded articular process of bone
  78. Capnophilic: bacteria that grow best in carbon dioxide
  79. Caput: head of a structure
  80. Cardiopulmonary: pertaining to the heart and lungs
  81. Cardiovascular: pertaining to heart and blood vessels
  82. Carpus: wrist
  83. Cathode: negatively charged electrode
  84. Caudad: toward the tail
  85. Caudal: Of, at, or near the tail
  86. Caudectomy: surgical removal of the tail
  87. Cecal: relating to saclike cavity with one opening; blind ended pouch
  88. Celiotomy: incision into the abdomen
  89. Centrifugal: fleeing the center
  90. Cerebellospinal: from the cerebellum (small globe on back of brain) to the spinal cord
  91. Cerebrospinal: pertaining to the brain and spinal cord
  92. Cerebrum: main portion (large globe) of the brain
  93. Cerumen: earwax
  94. Ceruminolytic: agent that dissolves earwax
  95. Cervicofacial: pertaining to neck and face
  96. Cervix: neck-like entrance to the uterus
  97. Cheilitis: chapped or inflammed lips
  98. Cheirology: signing for the deaf
  99. Chemotaxis: movement of a cell or organism toward or away from a chemical stimulus
  100. Chiropractor: person who attempts to heal by manipulation of the spine and other body parts
  101. Cholesterol: a solid alcohol first discovered in gallstones
  102. Chondrosarcoma: malignant tumor of cartilage
  103. Circumcision: circular incision to remove the prepuce (penile sheath)
  104. Circumferential: a line around a closed circle
  105. Cleidocranial: pertaining to clavicle and head
  106. Collodion: nitrocellulose solution in ether or alcohol (drug solvent or wound sealant)
  107. Colloid: jelly-like mixture of particles in a liquid medium
  108. Colon: lower intestine
  109. Corpse: a dead body
  110. Corpuscle: “little body”…a blood cell or globular structure such as nerve pressure receptors
  111. Cortex: outer layer of an organ
  112. Costochrondral: pertaining to a rib and its cartilage
  113. Coxalgia: pain in the hip
  114. Coxofemoral: pertaining to the hip and the thigh bone
  115. Cranial: relating to the skull
  116. Craniospinal: pertaining to the skull and bones of the spine
  117. Craniotomy: surgical incision into the skull
  118. Craniotomy: incision into the skull
  119. CRD, CRF: Chronic Renal (Disease or Failure)
  120. Crepitation: crackling sounds
  121. Crus: leg from knee to ankle
  122. Crystalluria: crystals in the urine
  123. Decompose: to break down into various compartments
  124. Decubital: relating to a bedsore
  125. Deflection: deviation from expectation
  126. Dehydrate: to deplete of body water
  127. Dentoalveolar: pertaining to the teeth and their sockets
  128. Dexterity: grace in physical movement
  129. Dextrose: structural form of glucose that rotates to the right
  130. Disinfection: treatment to destroy harmful organisms
  131. Dissect: to cut apart for the study of anatomy
  132. Distal: away from reference point
  133. Diuresis: excessive discharge of urine
  134. Dorsal: of or near the back
  135. Duodenum: upper small intestine about 12 finger widths long
  136. Dura mater: tough, fibrous outer coat of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord
  137. Dyschezia: difficulty in defecation
  138. Dyspeptic: discomfort following a meal
  139. Dyspnea: difficulty in breathing
  140. Eburnation: to make hard and dense like ivory
  141. Eccentric: deviating from a circle
  142. Ectoparasite: a parasite that lives on the outside of the body
  143. Ectopic: an abnormal location for an organ or body part
  144. Emesis: act of vomiting
  145. Emetic: causing vomiting
  146. Emollient: a soothing (feels soft) agent
  147. Empyema: pus in a body cavity, especially the chest
  148. Encephalitis: inflammation inside skull
  149. Endometrium: glandular mucous membrane that lines the inside of the uterus
  150. Enteritis: inflammation of the intestines
  151. Epidemiology: study of the cause, distribution, and control of diseases in groups of people (Note: if groups of animals – epizootiologyis the proper term)
  152. Epidermis: outermost part of skin
  153. Epidural: on or over the dura mater of the spinal cord
  154. Epiglottis: thin cartilage at base of tongue and above the larynx that flaps over the larynx during swallowing
  155. Esophagus: food tube from pharynx to stomach
  156. Esophoria: tendency for eyes to deviate inwardly
  157. Exocytosis: intracellular vesicles are secreted by fusion with the outer cell membrane
  158. Exophthalmos: an abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
  159. Expectorate: to spit
  160. External: outside
  161. Extracorporeal: located or occurring outside the body
  162. Extravasation: forcing blood or lymph out of vessels and into the surrounding tissue
  163. Facioplasty: plastic surgery on the face
  164. Femoral condyle: rounded projections on end of the thigh bone
  165. Femur: thigh bone
  166. Fibula: smaller outer bone of leg below kneecap
  167. Flexion: the act of bending a joint or limb
  168. Frontotemporal: pertaining to forehead and temples of the skull
  169. Fundus: portion of a hollow organ that is furthest from its opening (e.g. fundus of eye, fundus of the stomach)
  170. Genioplasty: reconstructive surgery on the chin
  171. Genucubital: pertaining to the knees and elbows
  172. GFR: Glomerular Filtration Rate
  173. Gingival: pertaining to the gums
  174. Glioma: brain tumor composed of neuroglia cells
  175. Glossopharyngeal: pertaining to the tongue and throat (9th cranial nerve)
  176. Glottis: opening of upper larynx
  177. Gluten: tough, viscous material left after wheat is washed to remove starch
  178. Halitosis: offensive odorous breath
  179. Hematochezia: (red) blood in the feces
  180. Hematuria: blood in the urine
  181. Hemostasis: the stoppage of bleeding
  182. Hepatoma: benign tumor of the liver
  183. Hepatotoxic: poisonous to the liver
  184. Hyalosis: a degenerative change in the vitreous humor
  185. Hypertrophy: excessive growth requiring excess nutrients
  186. Hypoglossal: under the tongue (12thcranial nerve)
  187. Hypostatic: the settling of blood in a lower aspect of an organ due to poor blood flow
  188. Hypoxia: decreased oxygen
  189. Hypsodont: teeth with high crowns and short roots
  190. Ileum: last part of small intestines before the colon
  191. Ilium: upper part of hip bone
  192. Indurated: made hard
  193. Infarct: necrosis of tissue from obstructed arterial supply
  194. Inferolateral: lower and away from middle
  195. Inferolateral: lower and to the side
  196. Infraorbital: located beneath the orbit of the eye
  197. Infraspinatus: muscle beneath the spine of the scapula (shoulder blade)
  198. Inguinal: referring to the groin
  199. Inspissated: to become thicker as if with dehydration
  200. Intercellular: between cells
  201. Intercostal: between the ribs
  202. Intracellular: within a cell
  203. Intracerebral: within the cerebrum (large globe of brain)
  204. Intravenous: inside a vein
  205. Irradiation: the use of ionizing radiation
  206. Ischium: lower part of hip bone
  207. IVP: Intravenous Pyelography
  208. Jejunum: Middle segment of small intestines
  209. Juxtaglomerulus: near the glomerulus (kidney filter)
  210. Juxtaposition: located or placed side-by-side
  211. Kinesiology: study of the body’s movement
  212. Labial: pertaining to lips
  213. Laparoscopy: examination of the interior of the abdomen with a scope (usually fiberoptic)
  214. Laparotomy: surgical incision through the flank
  215. Laryngoplegia: paralysis of the voice box
  216. Laryngoscope: instrument to view the voice box
  217. Lateral: situated at or on the side
  218. Lateroabdominal: on the side of the abdomen
  219. Latissimus dorsi: broadest muscle of back
  220. Leptomeningitis: inflammation of the pia mater or arachnoid membrane of the meninges surrounding the brain or spinal cord
  221. Leptospirosis: slender spiral bacteria that causes inflammation of the kidney
  222. Levorotation: counterclockwise rotation
  223. Levothyroxine: left directed isomer of thyroid hormone (active form)
  224. Lienopathy: disease of the spleen
  225. Lingual: referring to the tongue
  226. Locomotor: relating to movement from one place to another
  227. Locus: a place, a location
  228. Longissimus muscles: long muscles along spine
  229. Lumbar: pertaining to the loins
  230. Lumbosacral: pertaining to the lumbar and sacral vertebrae
  231. Macula densa: a spot of dense cells near the glomerulus that secretes the hormone renin
  232. Macula lutea: a yellow spot on the retina that mediates the clearest, most detailed vision
  233. Mandible: lower jawbone
  234. Manipulate: to handle
  235. Masseter: chewing muscle of the jaw
  236. Maxilla: upper jawbone
  237. Medial: relating to the middle
  238. Median: a midline that divides the body into equal right and left halves
  239. Mediolateral: from the middle toward the side
  240. Medulla: the inner core of an organ
  241. Meloplasty: reconstructive surgery of the cheek
  242. Melosalgia: pain in the lower limbs
  243. Mesentery: folds of peritoneum that connect organs to the dorsal, inner abdominal wall
  244. Mesojejunum: mesentery of the jejunum portion of the small intestines
  245. Molar: tooth than grinds like a millstone
  246. Myelin: a white fatty material that covers nerves with fast conduction of impulses
  247. Myelogenous: produced in the bone marrow
  248. Myelogram: radiograph of spinal cord after administering surrounding constrastmedia
  249. Nasolacrimal: pertaining to the tear duct and nose
  250. Nephropathy: disease of the kidney
  251. Neural: pertaining to nerves
  252. Neuroglia: cells that support and insulate nerve cells
  253. Neurohypophysis: posterior part of pituitary that consists of nerve cells from the base of the brain
  254. Nidus: a point of origination or accumulation
  255. Nocturnal enuresis: bed wetting
  256. Notochord: rod-like structure that forms the spinal column
  257. Occlude: to obstruct
  258. Odontectomy: tooth extraction
  259. Oleoresin: an oily plant sap that may cause contact allergy (capsaicin is an oleoresin from peppers used as a liniment)
  260. Omalgia: shoulder pain
  261. Omphalitis: inflammation of the umbilicus (navel)
  262. Onychectomy: declaw
  263. Onychophagia: nail chewing
  264. Opisthotonus: a spasm of the body with the head and heels bent backward
  265. Opsonin: enticing to phagocytosis
  266. Oropharynx: mouth and throat
  267. Ossification: forming bone
  268. Osteoarthritis: inflammation of the bones of a joint
  269. Osteomalacia: softening of bone
  270. Osteoporosis: demineralization of bone
  271. Pachyderm: “thick skin”
  272. Pachymeningitis: inflammation of the dura mater of the meninges
  273. Palmar: relating to the palm of the hand
  274. Palpebral: pertaining to eyelids
  275. Pancreatectomy: surgical removal of the pancreas
  276. Parathyroid: by the thyroid(glands that control calcium balance)
  277. Paresthesia: a skin sensation without any apparent cause
  278. Pectoral: pertaining to the breast
  279. Pellagra: rough skin from niacin (B vitamin) deficiency
  280. Pepsin: enzyme for digestive process
  281. Peracute: very rapid and violent
  282. Percutaneous: passed through the skin
  283. Peribronchial: surrounding a bronchus (lower airway in lungs)
  284. Perineum: area between the anus and genitals
  285. Periosteum: a dense fibrous covering of bone, except at the joints
  286. Peritoneum: lining of the abdomen and abdominal organs
  287. Pernasal: performed through the nose
  288. Peroneal: pertaining to the fibula
  289. Pertussis: whooping cough (bacterial disease)
  290. Petrosal: referring to the petroustemporal bone
  291. Petrous: pertaining to the hard part of the temporal bone
  292. Phalanx: finger or toe bones
  293. Pharyngeal: pertaining to the throat
  294. Pharyngitis: sore throat
  295. Phototaxis: movement of a cell or organism toward or away from a lightstimulus
  296. Phrenic: pertaining to the diaphragm
  297. Phrenospasm: hiccups
  298. Pinealoma: tumor of a pine cone-shaped gland of the brain
  299. Plantar: relating to the sole of the foot
  300. Plantigrade: walking on the sole of the foot
  301. Pleural: relating to the inner lining of the chest and outer lining of lungs
  302. Pleuritis: inflammation of the chest lining
  303. Pneumonia: inflammation of the lungs with congestion
  304. Podalgia: pain in the foot
  305. Podiatrist: specialist in foot problems
  306. Pollakiuria: abnormally frequent urination
  307. Polydactyly: excessive number of fingers or toes
  308. Polydipsia: excessive drinking
  309. Popliteal: hollow back part of knee area
  310. Posterior: relating to the caudal end of quadrapeds and the dorsal area of primates
  311. Posterolateral: caudal (or dorsal) and away from the midline
  312. Postoperative: after surgery
  313. Postpartum: after birth
  314. Postprandial: following a meal
  315. Postprandial: after eating
  316. Premaxillary: in front of the maxillary bones
  317. Proctologist: medical specialist in the anus and rectum
  318. Proctoscopy: examination of the anus and rectum with a scope
  319. Prognosis: a prediction of the probable course or outcome of disease
  320. Pronate: to turn the palmar surface down or back
  321. Prosodemic: disease that is transmitted from person to person
  322. Prosopoplegia: facial paralysis
  323. Proximal: nearer to a reference point
  324. Psychosomatic: mental or emotional problems that act as a physical problem
  325. Ptyalin: an enzyme in saliva
  326. Pulse: palpable expansion and contraction of an artery
  327. Purgative: causing the bowels to empty
  328. Pygostyle: spinal tail of birds
  329. Pyloromyotomy: cutting the muscle at the end of the stomach
  330. Pylorospasm: involuntary contraction of the end of the stomach
  331. Pylorus: gate from stomach to duodenum
  332. Pyuria: pus in the urine
  333. Rachiotome: instrument for cutting the spine
  334. Rales: fine crackles sounds in the lungs
  335. Reflex: an automatic response or reaction
  336. Regurgitation: act of flowing backward
  337. Relapse: to regress after a partial recovery
  338. Renal: pertaining to the kidney
  339. Respiration: act of breathing
  340. Retrograde: reverting to an earlier or inferior condition
  341. Rhabdomyolysis: breaking up of skeletal muscle
  342. Rhinitis: inflammation of the nose
  343. Rhinoplasty: reconstructive surgery of the nose
  344. Rhonchus: a continuous snoring sound in throat, trachea, or bronchi
  345. Rostral: referring to the nasal region
  346. Rotary: something that moves around an axis
  347. Rotator: a muscle that aids in rotating a part of the body
  348. Sacroiliac: junction of the end of the spine and the hip bone
  349. Sacrum: triangular bone below lumbar vertebrae
  350. Sagittal: a plane parallel to the median plane
  351. Saphenous vein: obvious vein above the heel or hock
  352. Sarcoma: malignant tumor of flesh tissue (not from lining cells of the body, those are carcinomas)
  353. Scapula: shovel-shaped bone (shoulder blade)
  354. Scatoscopy: examing the feces for diagnostic evidence
  355. Scelalgia: pain in the lower part of the leg
  356. Scirrhous: firm and fibrous
  357. Sclera: dense white outer covering of most of the eye
  358. Sensorium: sensory portion of the body
  359. Sinister: on the left side (also means treatening evil)
  360. Sinistromanual: left-handed
  361. Somatotropin: growth hormone
  362. Spasmolytic: stopping an involuntary contraction
  363. Spectrometer: instrument that measures index of light reflection
  364. Spirogram: graph of respiratory movements
  365. Splanchnic: pertaining to the viscera (soft internal organs)
  366. Splenomegaly: enlarged spleen
  367. Spondylopathy: disease of the spine
  368. Spongiosis: edema of the spongy layer of the skin
  369. Stereoscopic: pertaining to 3-dimensional vision
  370. Sternocostal: pertaining to the breastbone and ribs
  371. Sternomastoid: a structure that runs from the sternum to the base of the skull
  372. Sternum: breastbone
  373. Stertorous: snoring or similar to snoring
  374. Stethoscope: instrument for listening to heart sounds
  375. Subarachnoid: beneath the arachnoid membrane (web part) of the meninges of the spinal cord
  376. Subcutaneous: under the skin
  377. Superciliary: above the eyelashes…eyebrow
  378. Superior: in a higher location
  379. Superjacent: lying immediately above
  380. Supinate: to turn the palmar surface up or forward
  381. Synapse: junction in which a nerve impulse passes to another nerve, muscle, or gland
  382. Syndesmorrhaphy: suturing of a ligament
  383. Tachycardia: rapid heart beat
  384. Talotibial: pertaining to the ankle and large lower leg bone
  385. Talus: highest of the ankle bones
  386. Tarsalgia: pain in the ankle
  387. Tarsus: ankle, bones in angle between tibia and metatarsals of foot
  388. Telangiectasis: chronic dilation of a group of capillaries causing small dark red blotches on the skin
  389. Telecardiogram: an electrocardiogram obtained at a distance from the patient
  390. Telemetry: automatic measurement of data and transmission over distances by wire, radio, or other means
  391. Tendotome: an instrument used to cut a tendon
  392. Tentorium: a membranous covering or partition
  393. Thelorrhagia: bloody discharge from nipple
  394. Thoracolumbar: pertaining to the junction of the chest and loin
  395. Thoracotomy: surgical incision into the pleural cavity
  396. Thymoma: tumor of the thymus gland
  397. Tibia: inner, larger bone below knee
  398. Tibiotarsal: junction between large shin bone and ankle
  399. Tonometer: instrument for measuring eye tension (pressure)
  400. Topology: anatomic structure of a specific area or part of the body
  401. Trachelorrhapy: suture of torn or lacerated cervix
  402. Tracheobronchitis: inflammation of the windpipe and its branches
  403. Transection: to divide or cut transversely
  404. Transverse: lying across
  405. Treponema: a genus of spiral bacteria (one causes syphilis)
  406. Tricuspid: having three points
  407. Trismus: spasm of the chewing muscles
  408. Ulna: bone of forearm from elbow to little finger side of wrist
  409. Uranoschisis: cleft palate
  410. Ureter: urine tube from the kidney to the bladder
  411. Ureterolith: a calculus (stone) in the ureter
  412. Urethra: urine tube from the bladder to the outside
  413. Uvula: little grape-like flesh that hangs from the soft palate in humans
  414. Venipuncture: sticking a needle in a vein
  415. Venostasis: stopping the flow of unoxygenated blood
  416. Ventilate: to replace air in an enclosed space
  417. Ventral: relating to the abdominal area
  418. Ventrodorsal: extending from the abdominal surface to the dorsal surface
  419. Versicolor: having a variety of colors or changing in color
  420. Vesicorenal: pertaining to the kidney and urinary bladder
  421. Villi: surface protrusions that are like tufts of hair
  422. Visceroparietal: pertaining to soft internal organs and the abdominal wall
  423. Viscosity: measuring the resistance to flow
  424. Viscous: sticky, thick, and resistant to flow