Quizlet Psychology: Chapter 18

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  1. Actor-Observer Bias: When making attributions, the tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal causes while attributing one's own behavior to external causes
  2. Aggression: Hurting another person or achieving one's goals at the expense or another person
  3. Ambivalent Attachment: An emotional bond marked by conflicting feelings of affection, anger, and emotional turmoil
  4. Assertiveness Training: Instruction in how to be self-assertive
  5. Attribution: The process of making inferences about the causes of one's own behavior, and that of others
  6. Autokinetic Effect: The apparent movement of a stationary pinpoint of light displayed in a darkened room
  7. Avoidant Attachment: An emotional bond marked by a tendency to resist commitment to others
  8. Broken Record: A self-assertion technique involving repeating a request until it is acknowledged
  9. Comparison Level: A personal standard used to evaluate rewards and costs in a social exchange
  10. Compliance: Bending to the requests of a person who has little or no authority or other form of social power
  11. Conformity: Bringing one's behavior into agreement or harmony with norms or with the behavior of others in a group
  12. Culture: An ongoing pattern of live, characterizing a society at a given point in history
  13. Door-in-the-Face: The tendency for a person who has refused a major request to subse
  14. Downward Comparison: Comparing yourself with a person who ranks lower than you on some dimension
  15. External Cause: A cause of behavior that is assumed to lie outside a person
  16. Foot-in-the-Door: The tendency for a person who has first complied with a small request to be more likely later to fulfill a larger request
  17. Fundamental Attributional Error: The tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal causes (personality, likes, etc...)
  18. Group Cohesiveness: The degree of attraction among group members or their commitment to remaining in the group
  19. Group Structure: The network of roles, communication pathways, and power in a group
  20. In-Group: A group with which a person identifies
  21. Internal Cause: A cause of behavior assumed to lie within a person - for instance, a need, preference, or personality trait
  22. Interpersonal Attraction: Social attraction to another person
  23. Intimate Distance: The most private space immediately surrounding the body (18 inches)
  24. Low-Ball Technique: A strategy in which commitment is gained first to reasonable or desirable terms, which are then made less reasonable
  25. Need to Affiliate: The desire to associate with other people
  26. Norm: An accepted, but often unspoken standard of conduct for appropriate behavior
  27. Obedience: Conformity to the demands of authority
  28. Out-Group: A group with which a person does not identify
  29. Overlearning: Learning or practice that continues after initial mastery of a skill
  30. Passive Compliance: Passively bending to unreasonable demands or circumstances
  31. Personal Distance: The distance maintained within interacting with close friends (18 inches to 4 feet)
  32. Personal Space: An area surrounding the body that is regarded as private and subject to personal control
  33. Proxemics: Systematic study of the human use of space, particularly in social settings
  34. Public Distance: Distance at which formal interactions, such as giving a speech, occur (12 feet and up)
  35. Role Conflict: Trying to occupy two or more roles that make conflicting demands on behavior
  36. Secure Attachment: A stable and positive emotional bond
  37. Self-Assertion: A direct, honest expression of feelings and desires
  38. Self-Disclosure: The process of revealing private thoughts, feelings, and one's personal history to others
  39. Self-Handicapping: Arranging to perform under conditions that usually impair performance, so as to have an excuse for a poor showing
  40. Situational Demands: Unstated expectations that define desirable or appropriate behavior in various settings and social situations
  41. Social Comparison: Making judgments about ourselves through comparison with others
  42. Social Distance: Distance at which impersonal interaction takes place (4-12 feet)
  43. Social Exchange: Any exchange between two people of attention, information, affection, favors, or the like
  44. Social Exchange Theory: A theory stating that rewards must exceed costs for relationships to endure
  45. Social Influence: Changes in a person's behavior induced by the presence or actions of others
  46. Social Power: The capacity to control, alter, or influence the behavior of another person
  47. Social Psychology: The scientific study of how individuals behave, think, and feel in social situations
  48. Social Role: Expected behavior patterns associated with particular social positions (such as daughter, worker, student).
  49. Status: An individual's position in a social structure, especially with respect to power, privilege, or importance
  50. Upward Comparison: Comparing yourself with a person who ranks higher than you on some dimension