- 8va: play note an octave above as written
- a tempo: return to base tempo
- Accelerando (accel.): speed up
- Adagio: slow and stately
- Allegro: fast and bright
- Andante: walking speed (not fast)
- Bass Clef: When the note F is placed on the fourth line of the staff
- Coda: sign taking the form of an slashed "s" with a dot on either side
- Con: with
- Crescendo (< or cres.): gradually get louder
- D.S. al coda: return to a place in the music designated by the coda and continue until directed to move to the coda, a separate ending section
- D.S. al fine: return to the coda and play to the end
- Descendo (> or desc.): gradually get softer
- Drag: unintentional slowing down
- End sign: a double line at the end of a piece
- Forte (f): loud
- Fortissimo (FF): very loud
- Grave: slow and solemn
- Largo: very slow
- meno: less
- Mezzo Forte (mf): medium loud
- Mezzo Piano (mp): medium soft
- Moderato: moderatly
- Molto: very
- Muriendo (mur.): die away (softer and slower)
- Pianissimo (pp): very soft
- Piano (p): soft
- Piu mosso: faster
- Poco: a little
- poco a poco: little by little
- Prestissimo: Extremely fast
- Presto: Very fast
- Repeat sign: a double line with two dots, return to either the beginning of the piece or another repeat sign
- Ritardando (rit.): slower
- Rubato: no marked tempo, free expression of player
- Rush: unintentional speeding up
- slur: play notes within slur without seperation
- Tempo: speed (pace) of a piece of music
- Tie: play two tied notes as one unboken note
- Time signature: refers to number of beats in measure and what note recieves one beat
- Treble Clef: When the note G is placed on the second line of the staff
- Vivace: lively and fast