Quizlet 5.5: GAS EXCHANGE

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  1. capillaries: adoption to gas exchange of alveoli: dense network of ____________
  2. cell respiration: controlled release of energy in the form of ATP from cells; uses oxygen
  3. cells: adoption to gas exchange of alveoli: wall consisting of single layer of flattened _________
  4. diaphragm: sheet of muscle attached to the body wall at the base of the rib- cage, separating thorax from abdomen
  5. exhalation: during ________, diaphragm muscles relax; pressure from abdominal contents pushes diaphragm into a dome shape
  6. exhalation: during _________, external intercostal muscles relax
  7. exhalation: during _________, internal intercostal muscles contract, moving rib cage down and in
  8. exhalation: during _________, volume of thoracic cavity decreases
  9. exhalation: during _________, air pressure of thoracic cavity rises above atmospheric pressure
  10. gas exchange: exchange of gases between an organism and its surroundings; includes uptake of oxygen and release of carbon dioxide in animals
  11. inhalation: during ___________, diaphragm muscles contract, flattening diaphragm and pushing down contents of abdomen
  12. inhalation: during _________, external intercostal muscles contract, moving rib cage up and out
  13. inhalation: during _________, internal intercostal muscles relax
  14. inhalation: during _________, volume of thoracic cavity increases
  15. inhalation: during _________, air pressure of thoracic cavity falls below atmospheric pressure
  16. large: adoption to gas exchange of alveoli: ______ total surface area
  17. moist: adoption to gas exchange of alveoli: _____ lining
  18. ventilation: pumping air into and out of lungs efficiently; maintains concentration gradient for diffusion
  19. ventilation system: needed to maintain concentration gradient in the alveoli