- Council of Trent: Meeting of church leaders to clearly define Catholic doctrines
- Counter-Reformation: Attempt by the Catholic Church, to return the church to an emphasis on spiritual matters
- Huguenots: French people, who converted to Calvinism
- Ignatius de Loyola: Leader of the Jesuits
- Indulgences: Paid pardons from punishment for sin
- Jesuits: Catholic religious order founded by Ignatius de Loyola
- Predestination: Belief that at the beginning of time God decided who would be saved
- Reformation: Religious revolution that split the church
- Sects: Religious societies of a few people
- Theocracy: Government ruled by religious leaders claiming God’s authority