Quizlet Psychology: Chapter 17

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  1. All-or-Nothing Thinking: Classifying objects or events as absolutely right or wrong, good or bad, acceptable or unacceptable, and so forth
  2. Antidepressants: Mood-elevating drugs
  3. Antipsychotics: Drugs that, in addition to having tranquilizing effects, also tend to reduce hallucinations and delusional thinking. (a.k.a. major Tranquilizers)
  4. Anxiolytics: Druge (such as Valium) that produce relaxation or reduce anxiety
  5. Authenticity: In Carl Rogers' terms, the ability of a therapist to be genuine and honest about his or her own feelings
  6. Aversion Therapy: Suppressing an undesirable response by associating it with aversive (painful or uncomfortable) stimuli
  7. Behavior Modification: The application of learning principles to change human behavior, especially maladaptive behavior
  8. Behavior Therapy: Any therapy designed to actively change behavior
  9. Client-Centered (person-centered) Therapy: A nondirective therapy based on insights gained from conscious thoughts and feelings; emphasizes accepting one's true self
  10. Cognitive Therapy: A therapy directed at changing the maladaptive thoughts, beliefs, and feelings that underlie emotional and behavioral problems
  11. Community mental Health Center: A facility offering a wide range of mental health services, such as prevention, counseling, consultation, and crisis intervention
  12. Covert Reinforcement: Using positive imagery to reinforce desired behavior
  13. Covert Sensitization: The use of aversive imagery to reduce the occurrence of an undesired response
  14. Crisis Intervention: Skilled management of a psychological emergency
  15. Deinstitutionalization: Reduced use of full-time commitment to mental institutions to treat mental disorders
  16. Demonology: In medieval Europe, the study of demons and the treatment of persons "possessed" by demons
  17. Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT): A treatment for severe depression, consisting of an electric shock passed directly through the brain, which induces a convulsion
  18. Empathy: A capacity for taking another's point of view; the ability to feel what another is feeling
  19. Encounter Group: A group experience that emphasizes intensely honest interchanges among participants regarding feelings and reactions to one another
  20. Existential Therapy: An insight therapy that focuses on the elemental problems of existence, such as death, meaning, choice, and responsibility; emphasizes making courageous life choices
  21. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR): A technique for reducing fear or anxiety; based on holding upsetting thoughts in mind while rapidly moving the eyes from side to side
  22. Family Therapy: A technique in which all family members participate, both individually and as a group, to change destructive relationships and communication patterns
  23. Gestalt Therapy: An approach that focuses on immediate experience and awareness to help clients rebuild thinking, feeling, and acting into connected wholes; emphasizes the integration of fragmented experiences
  24. Group Therapy: Psychotherapy conducted in a group setting to make therapeutic use of group dynamics
  25. Halfway House: A community-based facility for individuals making the transition from an institution (mental hospital, prison, and so forth) to independent living
  26. Hierarchy: A rank-ordered series of higher and lower amounts, levels, degrees, or steps
  27. Large-Group Awareness Training: Any number of programs (many of them commercialized) that claim to increase self-awareness and facilitate constructive personal change
  28. Logo-Therapy: A form of existential therapy that emphasizes the need to find and maintain meaning in one's life
  29. Mental Hospitalization: Placing a person in a protected, theraputic environment staffed by mental health professionals
  30. Mirror Technique: Observing another person re-enact one's own behavior, like a character in a play; designed to help persons see themselves more clearly
  31. Over-Generalization: Blowing a single event out of proportion by extending it to a large number of unrelated situations
  32. Paraprofessional: An individual who works in a near-professional capacity under the supervision of a more highly trained person
  33. Partial Hospitalization: An approach in which patients receive treatment at a hospital during the day, but return home at night
  34. Peer Councilor: A nonprofessional person who has learned basic counseling skills
  35. Pharmacotherapy: The use of drugs to alleviate the symptoms of emotional disturbance
  36. Psychoanalysis: A Freudian therapy that emphasizes the use of free association, dream interpretation, resistances, and transference to uncover unconscious conflicts
  37. Psychodrama: A therapy in which clients act out personal conflicts and feelings in the presence of others who play supporting roles
  38. Psychosurgery: Any surgical alteration of the brain designed to bring about desirable behavioral or emotional changes
  39. Psychotherapy: Any psychological techmique used to facilitate positive changes in a person's personality, behavior, or adjustment
  40. Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT): An approach that states that irrational beliefs cause many emotional problems and that such beliefs must be changed or abandoned
  41. Reciprocal Inhibition: The presence of one emotional state can inhibit the occurrence of another, such as joy prevent fear or anxiety inhibiting pleasure
  42. Reflection: In client-centered therapy, the process of rephrasing or repeating thoughts and feelings expressed by clients so they can be come aware of what they are saying
  43. Role Reversal: Taking the role of another person to learn how one's own behavior appears from the other person's view
  44. Selective Perception: Perceiving only certain stimuli among a larger array of possibilities
  45. Self-Help Group: A group of people who share a particular type of problem and provide mutual support to one another
  46. Sensitivity Group: A group experience consisting of exercises designed to increase self-awareness and sensitivity to others
  47. Somantic Therapy: Any bodily therapy, such as a drug therapy, electroconvulsive therapy, or psychosurgery
  48. Systematic Desensitization: A reduction in fear, anxiety, or aversion brought about by planned exposure to aversive stimuli
  49. Tension-Release Method: A procedure for systematically achieving deep relaxation of the body
  50. Therapeutic alliance: A caring relationship that unites a therapist and a client in working to solve the client's problems
  51. Therapy Placebo Effect: Improvement caused not by the actual process of therapy but by a client's expectation that therapy will help
  52. Thought Stopping: The use of aversive stimuli to interrupt or prevent upsetting thoughts
  53. Token Economy: A therapeutic program in which desirable behaviors are reinforced with tokens that can be exchanged for goods, services, activities, and privileges
  54. Unconditional Positive Regard: An unqualified, unshakable acceptance of another person
  55. Vicarious Desensitization: A reduction in fear or anxiety that takes place vicariously ("secondhand") when a client watches models perform the feared behavior
  56. Virtual Reality Exposure: Use of computer-generated images to present fear stimuli. The virtual environment responds to a viewer's head movements and other inputs