Quizlet Bio Final Review: 10

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  1. Anaphase: the sister chromatids seperate into individual chromosomes and are moved apart
  2. Chromatid: 1 of 2 identical "sister" parts of a duplicated chromosome
  3. Chromosomes: threadlike structures within the nucleus containing the genetic info that is passed from one generation of cells to the next
  4. Cytokinesis: the division of the cytoplasm
  5. Events of Cell Cycle: G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, M phase
  6. Metaphase: chromosomes line up across the center of the cell; each chromosome is connected to a spindle fiber at its centromere
  7. Mitosis (4 stages): Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, & Telophase
  8. p53: involved in cancer cells; normally halts the cell cycle until all chromosomes have been properly replicated; damaged or defective p53 genes cause the cells to lose the info needed to respnd to signals that would normally control their growth
  9. Prophase: chromatin condenses into chromosomes; centrioles seperate and a spindle begins to form; the nuclear envelope breaks down
  10. Telophase: the chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and lose their distinct shapes; 2 new nuclear envelopes will form
  11. Why are Cells Small??: the larger a cell grows, the more demands the cell places on its DNA; in addition, the cell has more trouble moving enough nutrients & wastes across the cell membrane