- 1914-1918: First World War
- Adam Smith: Described capitalism in "The Wealth of Nations"
- Albert: Queen Victoria's husband
- Alexander the Great: Conquered the world starting out from Greece
- Aristotle: Greek philosopher who inspired the Western world
- Athens: Democratic Greek city. Enemy of Sparta
- Bastille: Stormed on July 14, 1789
- Battle of Marathon: Athenians defeat the Persians and drive them to the sea
- Battle of Salamis: First major naval battle in history
- Battle of Themopylae: 300 Spartans against the Persian army
- Battle of Waterloo: Where Napoleon was defeated once and for all
- Benjamin Disraeli: Conservative British PM
- British Empire: The sun never set on this
- Carthage: Enemy of Rome. Destroyed in Punic Wars
- Charlemagne: Emperor of much of France and Germany
- Charles Darwin: Invented Theory of Evolution
- Charles Martel (the hammer): Stopped the Muslim advance
- Charles Spurgeon: Famous British preacher
- City States: Each city in Greece governed itself
- Cleopatra: Ally of Caesar and Mark Antony. Made an asp of herself
- Constantine: In this sign, conquer
- Crusades: Attempts to win Palestine for Christianity by force
- Czar Alexander I: Czar of Russia when Napoleon invaded
- Elba: Where Napoleon was exiled to the first time
- Estates-General: Earlier French Parliament
- First Estate: Nobles
- Florence Nightingale: Professionalized nursing
- Francis Ferdinand: Got shot in Sarjevo
- Friedrich Schleiermacher: Believed in Higher Criticism of religion
- GWF Hegel: Dialectic Thinking: Thesis+Antithesis=Synthesis
- God, gold and glory: Reasons for expanding the British Empire
- Gregory VII (Hildebrand): Humiliated Henry IV
- Hannibal: Took elephants from Carthage to fight Rome
- Henry IV: German emperor who challenged the power of the pope
- Herodotus: Greek historian
- Hippocrates: Father of Greek medicine
- Homer: Poet who brought life to the Greek gods
- Hundred Days: When Napoleon escaped from exile and fought on
- Immanuel Kant: Believed in relativism. Everyone has "spark of divinity"
- James Watt: Perfected the steam engine
- John Calvin: Reformer in Geneva, Switzerland
- John Knox: Scottish Reformer
- Josephine: Beloved wife of Napoleon
- Julius Caesar: Unofficial emperor. Member of First Triumvirate
- Jupiter: Chief Roman god
- Louis XIV: The Sun King
- Louis XV: Apres moi, le deluge
- Louis XVI: The French revolted and executed him
- Luther: Nailed 95 Theses to a church door
- Marie Antoinette: Did not say, "Let them eat cake."
- Marie-Louise: Second wife of Napoleon
- Mark Antony: Ally of Cleopatra, enemy of Octavian
- Menno Simons: Founded the Mennonites
- Minoans: Lived on the island of Crete
- Miracle on the Marne: German attack on France stopped here
- Napoleon: Emperor of France
- National Assembly: Later French Parliament
- November 11, 1918: The fighting in WWI ended at 11:00 AM
- Octavian: Caesar's nephew later called Augustus
- Pax Romana: 200 years of Roman peace
- Pompey: Caesar's enemy. Member of First Triumvirate
- Queen Victoria: 19th Century British Monarch
- Reign of Terror: Tried to eliminate enemies of the French Revolution
- Richard Lionheart: English leader who fought Saladin
- Saladin: Muslim anti-Crusade leader
- Scipio: Defeated Hannibal because the best defence is a good offence
- Second Estate: Clergy
- Socialism: Redistributing wealth from the rich to the poor
- Sophocles: Greek playwright. Wrote Antigone, Oedipus Rex
- Sparta: Strong Greek military city
- St. Helena: Napoleon was exiled here and died a few years later
- Submarines: The Germans' secret weapon
- Tanks: The Allies' secret weapon
- Tennis Court Oath: We will stay here until we've written the constitution
- Third Estate: Everyone who wasn't nobles or clergy
- Titanic: No one thought this ship would sink
- Treaty of Brest-Litovsk: Took Russia out of WWI
- Trenches: Germans and Allies built 600 miles of these
- Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy
- Triple Entente: France, Great Britain, Russia
- Trojan War: Troy destroyed to bring back Helen
- WIlliam Booth: Founded Salvation Army
- William Gladstone: Liberal British PM
- acropolis: A hilltop fortress surrounding the polis
- aristocracy: rule by the best
- democracy: rule by the people
- dignitas: dignity/sense of personal worth
- direct democracy: every vote votes on every issue
- domestic system: Most items are produced in the home by hand
- enclosure movement: farm and common land divided up to be more efficient
- factory system: Items are produced in factories in highly efficient way
- gravitas: gravity/seriousness of purpose
- koine Greek: Greek of the common man. Much of Bible written in this language
- oligarchy: rule by the few
- ostracism: to throw someone out of the city for 10 years
- paterfamilias: Head of Roman household
- pietas: piety/sense of duty
- railroads: Started moving goods efficiently begining in Industrial Revolution
- representative democracy: representatives vote on each issue
- tyranny: rule by one who has seized power