- apologist: (n) A person who defends an idea
- dissuade: (v) To discourage someone through persuasion
- dupe: (v) To take advantage by fooling someone
- fallacy: (n) A false belief
- imply: (v) To suggest indirectly
- indisputable: (adj) Beyond doubt
- infer: (v) To draw a conclusion from evidence
- red herring: (n) Something that draws attention away
- refute: (v) to prove to be wrong
- substantiate: (v) To support with evidence