- abase: to lower in esteem, degrade
- abridge: to make shorter
- abscond: to run off and hide
- access: approach or admittance to places, persons, things
- accomplice: person who takes part in crime
- actuate: to move to aciton
- ad infinitum: endlessly
- adept: an expert
- adept (edept): thoroughly skilled
- adherent: a follower, supporter
- adieu: farewell
- adjourn: to stop proceedings temporarily; move to another place
- admonish: to caution or advise against
- advent: an arrival
- alien: a citizen of another country
- altercation: an angry argument
- anarchy: lack of government and law
- annex: to add to, attach; an attachment or addition
- annihilate: to destroy completley
- apex: the highest point, tip
- apportion: to divide and give out in shares
- appreicable: sufficient to be noticed or measured
- arbitrary: unreasonable
- arduous: hard to do, requiring much effort
- aspire: to have ambitious hopes or plans
- assimilate: to absorb fully or make one's own
- assurance: pledege; freedom from doubt
- asylum: institution for the care or people
- atone: to make up for
- auspicious: favorable, fortunate
- autorcratic: absoulute in power or authority
- auxiliary: giving assistance or support
- avert: to trun aside, turn away
- biased: favoring one side unduly
- blanch: to remove color from
- blasphemy: act, untterance, writing showing contempt for something sacred
- bleak: bare, dreary, dismal
- bogus: false
- bona fide: genuine; sincere
- bondage: slavery
- boorish: rude, inrefined; clumsy
- brawny: strong, muscular
- brazen: shameless;made of brass
- breach: an opening, a gap
- brevity: shortness
- brigand: a bandit,robber
- brunt: the main impact, force, burden
- buoyant: able to float easily
- candid: frank, sincere
- catalyst: subatance that caouses chemical reaction
- cherubic: angelic
- chide: to blame, scold
- circumspect: careful,cautious
- cleave: to cut or spilt open; to cling to
- clique: small, exlusive group of people
- combatant: a fighter; engaged in figting
- comely: having a pleasing appearance
- commandeer: to seize for military use
- compensate: to make up for;to reapy for services
- comport: to conduct or bear oneself; behave
- concede: to admit as true; to yield, submit
- concerted: planned or performed in cooperation with others
- concise: expressing much in few words
- condone: to pardon or overlook
- congenial: getting on well with others
- console: to comfort
- contend: to fight, stuggle
- cordial: in a friendly manner, hearty, cheery
- cornerstone: starting point of a building; fundamental principle or element
- credible: believable
- cubicle: small room or compartment
- cumbersome: clumsy, hard to handle
- daunt: to overcome with fear
- deadlock: a standstill resultion from the oppposition of two eaual forcer or factions
- debacle: overwhelming defeat; rout
- debris: scattered fragments, wreckage
- defray: to pay for
- demure: sober or serious in manner, modest
- depreciation: lessening in value
- despicable: worthy of scorn
- deteriotate: lower in quality or value; wear away
- devitalize: to make weak or lifeless
- diffuse: to spread or scatter freely or widely
- dilate: to make or become larger or wider
- dilemma: difficult or perplexing problem
- diligent: hardworking
- diminutive: small, smaller than most others of same type
- disentangle: to free from tangles or complications
- dissent: disagree
- dissolute: loosing in one's morals or behavior
- divulge: to tell, reveal, to make public
- doleful: sad
- dormant: inactive; in a state of suspension; sleeping
- dross: refuse,waste products
- drudgery: work that is hard and tiresome
- dubious: causing uncertaninty or suspicion
- dwindle: to lessen, diminsh
- efface: to wipe out
- emancipate: to free from slavery
- embroil: to involve in a conflict or difficulty
- eminent: famous
- enlightened: free form ignorance and false ideas
- envoy: representative or messenger (government)
- erratic: not regular or consistent
- erroneous: incorrect, containing mistakes
- escalate: to elevate; to increase in intensity
- exodus: large-scale departure of flight
- exonerate: to clear from a charge or accusation
- exorbitant: unreasonablt high;excessive
- exorcise: to drive out by magic
- expedient: a means to an end
- exploit: to make use of
- expulsion: the process of driving or forcing out
- extemporaneous: made or delivered on the spur of the moment
- fabricate: to make, manufacture
- facilitate: to make easier
- fated: determinded in advance by destiny or fortune
- feign: to pretend
- feint: trick
- flair: natural quality, talent, skill
- flippant: lacking in seriousness
- fodder: food for horses or cattle
- forestall: to prevent by acting first
- fortify: to strengthen, build up
- garbel: to distort in such a way as to make unintelligible; scramble
- ghastly: frighful, deathly pale
- glib: ready and fluent in speech ; thoughtless
- grievous: causing sorrow or pain; serious
- hamper: to hold back
- haphazard: by chance, not planned, lacking order
- harangue: to deliver a loud, ranting speech
- harry: to make destructive raid on; to torment, harass
- heterogeneous: composed of different kinds; diverse
- hew: to shape or cut down with an ax
- hoodwink: to mislead by trick;decieve
- horde: vast number
- humane: kind, merciful
- illegible: difficult or impossible to read
- illustrious: very famous, distinguished
- immunity: resistance to disease
- impair: to make imperfect, damage, harm
- impel: to force, drive forward
- impenitent: not feeling remorse or sorrow for errors or offenses
- impoverished: poor
- improvise: to compose or perform without preparation; to construct from available materials
- improvise: to compose or perform without preparation
- inanimate: not having life
- incessant: never stopping
- incinerate: to burn to ashes
- incite: to rouse, stir up, urge on
- incorrigible: not able to be corrected
- incredulous: disbelieving, skeptical
- infux: a coming in, inflow
- inscribe: to write or engrave; to enter a name on a list
- institute: found, bring about; academy
- interim: the time between
- intolerable: unbearable
- intrepid: very brave, fearless
- intricate: complicated
- inundate: to flood; overflow
- invincible: not able to be defeated, unbeatable
- irate: angry
- irreernt: disrespectful
- jeer: to make fun of rudely or unkindly
- knave: tricky, unprinciple, or deceitful fellow
- laborous: not easy, requiring hard work
- languid: drooping; without energy; sluggish
- larceny: theft
- latent: hidden
- legion: large military force
- liability: debt
- liberality: generostiy, geneerous act
- lithe: bending easily;limber
- lofty: very high; noble
- lucid: easy to understand,clear
- lucrative: brining in money; profitable
- malign: to speack evil of
- maltreat: to abuse, use roughly or crudely
- marauder: a raider, plunderer
- meander: to wander about, wind about
- mediocre: average
- metropolis: large city
- migration: movement from one country or region to another
- militant: given to fighting
- mire: mud, wet
- momentous: very important
- monologue: a speech by one actor
- morose: having gloomy or sullen manner
- muddle: to make a mess of
- obesity: excessive fatness
- obstreperous: noisy, unruly
- obtursive: forward
- opaque: not letting light through
- opinionated: stubborn and ofter unreasonable in holding to one's own ideas, having a closed mind
- pallor: an exterme or unnatural paleness
- paramount: chief in importance
- pauper: an extremely poor person
- pedigree: list of ancestors, family tree
- pensive: thoughtful
- perceive: to be aware of through senses
- perennial: lasting for a long time
- perilous: dangerous
- perverse: inclinded to go against what is expected; stubborn
- pilant: bending readily
- pilfer: to steal in small quantities
- plaintiff: one who begins lawsuit
- pompous: over self-improtant in speech and manner
- ponder: to consider carefully, reflect on
- posthumous: occurring or published after death
- prattle: to talk in an aimless, foolish way
- preamble: introduction to speech or piece of writing
- precipice: very steep cliff
- preciptious: very steep
- predispose: to incline to beforehand
- prelude: an introduction
- preposterous: ridiculous
- prim: overly neat, recide, proper
- probe: to examine, investigate thoroughly
- profuse: very abundant, given or flowing freely
- prognosis: forecast of probable course and outcome of disease or situation
- proliferate: to reproduce
- proponent: one who puts forward a proposal
- protract: to draw out or lengthen in space or time
- pugnacious: quarrelsome, fond of fighting
- quarry: to cut or take from; place form which a stone is taken from
- quaver: to shake, tremble; to shrill
- rabid: furious
- rancid: stale, spoiled
- rasping: with harsh, grating sound
- realm: kingdom;region of study
- rebut: offer arguments or evidence that contradicts an assertion
- recoil: the act of springing back
- recoil (rikoil): to spring back, shrink
- reconcile: to restore to freindship
- recoup: to make up for, regain
- rectify: to make right, correct
- reek: an unpleasant smell
- rejuvenate: to make young again
- relentless: unyielding, harsh, without pity
- relinquish: to let go, give up
- remunerate: to reward, pay; reimburse
- render: cause to become; perform
- reprieve: temporary relief or delay
- reprimand: to scold
- repugnant: offensive, disagreeable
- revile: to attack with words
- rift: a split, break
- rivulet: small stream
- rugged: rough, irregular
- rustic: country-like, simple plain
- salvage: to save from fire or shipwreck
- sardonic: grimly or scornfully mocking
- scuttle: to sink a ship by cutting hole in it; abandon
- semblance: a likeness
- servitude: slavery, forced labor
- sever: to separate, divide into parts
- shackle: to put into chians; chain
- shoddy: of poor quality
- skeptical: inclined to doubt
- slapdash: careless and hasty
- slipshod: untidy in dress, personal habits; careless, sloppy
- sordid: wretchedly poor
- sparse: meager, scant
- spasmodic: sudden and violent, but brief
- sprightly: lively, full of life
- spurious: not genuine, not true, not valid
- spurn: to refuse with scorn, disdain
- squander: to spend foolishy; waste
- staccato: detached or disconnected in sound or style
- stagnant: not running or flowing
- statute: law
- sterling: genuine, excellent
- subjugate: to conqure by force
- subterfuge: excuse or trick for escaping or hiding something
- subversive: intended to undermine or overthrow
- succumb: to give way to superior force
- sully: to soil
- superfluous: exceeding what is sufficient or required;excess
- supplant: to take the place of
- surly: angry and bad-tempered
- surmount: to overcome, rise above
- synthetic: made or put together by people
- tantalize: to tease, torment by teasing
- taunt: to jeer to mock at
- temperate: poisonous, spiteful, mean
- tenacious: holding fast
- terminate: to bring to an end
- terse: breif and to the point
- threadbare: shabbe, old and worn
- tirade: long, angy speech
- trite: commonplace; overused
- unbridled: uncontrolled
- unflinching: firm, unwavering
- untenable: not capable of being held or defended
- usurp: to seize and hold posiiton by force or without right
- vagrant: wandering aimlessly
- venture: risky or daring undertaking
- versatile: able to do many things well
- vindicate: to clear form hint or charge of wrongdoing
- wane: to lose size, strenght, power
- warp: to twist out of shape
- wily: sly, shrew, cunning