- conflict: the obstacle(s) that get in the way of the main character and the achievement of his or he goal
- main character: the person through whose eyes we (the audience) experience the action/ events in the story
- minor characters: characters that help move the story/ plot forward/ along
- plot: the main sequence of events in a story
- setting: the time and place (in/ during) which a story occurs
- theme: the underlying of main message that the author wishes to convey