Quizlet social studies test.

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  1. a heavy wheeled plow with an iron plowshare: carruca
  2. after the death of clovis: his son charles martel came to the frankish throne
  3. atilla: leader of the huns
  4. charlemagne's carolingian renaissane was charaterized by:: the religous works produced by the benedictine monastic scriptoria
  5. compurgation: trial by jury, you say what you think happened, 12-15 people had to agree
  6. consequences of the fourth crusade:: the byzantine empire was eventually restored into mediterranean power, the city of constantinople was sacked by the crusaders, the cenetians managed to destory their economic competition
  7. constantine's most enduring reform, and his biggest project was: creation of a "new rome" on the bosphorus
  8. feudalism of medieval europe was primarily: a rigid hierarchial system that varried from place to place
  9. guilt under the germanic customary law was determined by: compurgation and ordeal
  10. in medieval society, who could become a knight?: the sons of nobility
  11. justinian's conquests: restored the imperial mediterranean world
  12. justinian's most important contributation to wester civilization may have been his: coidification of law
  13. leaders of the second crusade:: emperor conrad III of Germany, King Louis VII of france, and saint bernard of Claivaux
  14. manoralism in the eleventh and twelth centuries: meant serfs could not leave the estate without the lord's permission
  15. maybe not on test next few???: ?
  16. missy domunichi: messengers of the frankish empire
  17. monasteries in the early middle ages were well known for: providing hospitality and shelter to weary travelers
  18. Muhammad's flight from Mecca to Medina in 622 is known as the: Hegira
  19. new technalogical developments in agricultural included: iron hoes, the use of a carruca, the use of horseshoes, and the use of the three field system
  20. next few def on test...: ....
  21. overall, the crusades: failed in their efforts to keep the Holy Land for Christians
  22. pope gregory the great: created the foundation for an independent papal state
  23. pope urban II at the council of clermont in 1095:: promiced remissions on sins for all men who joined the crucades
  24. statements about the vikings:: christiniaty assimilateed them into european civilization, their raids and settlements aided the growth of fief holding, and their weapons and superior shipbuilding were largely responsabile for their sucessful raids
  25. sulla's legacy and importance was: that he became the example of how the army could be used to wield political power in rome
  26. the "hierarchihiical" fief holding system in which vassals in turn had vassals owing their services was known as: subinfeudination
  27. the aristocracy of the middle ages: was reguarded was the "defender of Christian society"
  28. the basic staple of the peasant diet was: bread
  29. the basis of feudalism: minorialism
  30. the byzantine empire by the year 1025: reached its largest territorial size since the seventh century
  31. the cardinal principal of the islamioc faith is that there is only one God and ___ is his most important and final prophet: Muhammad
  32. the coronation of charlemagne in the year 8-- as emperor of the romans:: symbolized the foundation of a new european civilization
  33. the counterpart to the pope in rome: the patriarch
  34. the first frankish king to be annointed in a holy ceramony by the pope was: charlemagne
  35. the idea that divine forces would protect the innocent: ordeal
  36. the islamic city in spain that served as the umayyad capital was eyrope's largest city after constantinople was: cordoba
  37. the lord vassal relationship of medieval europe: was an honorable relationship between free men based on loyalty
  38. The Mayagers: were origionally from western asia
  39. the must lucrative (money making) industry in constantinople was: silk
  40. the name for writing rooms in monastaries: scriptorios
  41. the name of an unbeliever: infidel
  42. the name of the journey of muhammed and his followers: the hegira
  43. the name of the pilgrimage to mecca: the hajj
  44. the practice of living life as a monk: monasticisim
  45. the primary instrument of pope gregory for converting the pagen peoples of germanic europe was: monasticism
  46. the reforms of the gaius and tiberius gacchus: resulted in further instability and violence as the conflict erupted between different social groups
  47. the successors to Muhammad's leadershiop of the Muslim world were known as: caliphs
  48. the____rule became the fundamental form on monastic life in the western church:: benadictine
  49. wergeld: the amount of money paid by a wrong doers family to the victim
  50. western europe monasticism was NOT characterized by: the monks living in great wealth
  51. what did abu abase do to the umayyad dynasty?: ended the dynasty and began the abbasid dynasty
  52. what helped to alieviate hard life from peasantss: feast days from clergy , holy days
  53. what is the holiest city in islam?: mecca
  54. what three groups created feudalism?: vikings, muslims, and the manguers who were people from hungary
  55. what was the manner of political/economic orginization of the arabs who settled in the arabian peninsula in the 7th century?: a loosely connected tribal society who shephereded or raided trading bands
  56. what were some results of the roman wars of 43-41 b.c.?: the defeat of caser's assassins, the demise of republican institutions, and the rule of octavian
  57. what were the two divisions of islam?: shi'ites and sunnies
  58. which group of people had most lasting germanic kingdom: the franks
  59. who called for crusades to take place?: pope urban II
  60. who established the frankish kingdom: clovis
  61. who were the heads of christian communities: abbots
  62. who wrote the rules of living a monk life?: st. bonedict