Quizlet Earthquake Test

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  1. 31.7: the number of times greater energy an earthquake w/ one # greater magnitude releases than the lower
  2. active tendon system: a weight in the building's base, similar to the mass damper
  3. base isolators: these are in the base of the building; made of rubber w/ a lead core; absorb seismic waves to avert their travel through the building
  4. body waves: seismic waves that travel through the Earth's interior
  5. convergent boundaries: strong and deep earthquakes occur here
  6. cross braces: steel braces in between the floors that support the building during earthquakes
  7. divergent boundaries: weak and shallow earthquakes occur here
  8. earthquake hazard: measures how vulnerable an area is to future earthquakes
  9. elastic rebound: this causes earthquakes; the ground suddenly retains original shape
  10. epicenter: the ground directly above where the earthquake occured
  11. focus: the direct area of seismic activity
  12. gap hypothesis: the theory that areas where few earthquakes have occured are likely to experience aerious quakes in the future
  13. marsquakes: some earthquakes, though seismographs often acted more like a wind gauge because of the wind
  14. mass damper: a weight in the building roof that will counteract w/ building movement when activated
  15. moho: seismic waves travel much faster upon reaching this area
  16. moonquakes: seismic waves last much longer than they do on Earth
  17. P-waves: move back and forth; fastest; can travel through all material
  18. Ritcher scale: tool used for measuring earthquake strength
  19. S-P time method: the common method used to find an earthquake's epicenter
  20. S-waves: move like a snake; second to arrive; cannot go through liquid mass
  21. seismic gap: a particular area along a seismic-active location where unusually few earthquakes have occured
  22. seismogram: a recording of the shaking motion in earthquakes
  23. seismograph: an instrument that records seismic waves
  24. seismology: the study of earthquakes
  25. shadow zone: area where no direct seismic waves can be detected
  26. sunquakes: caused by solar flares; much stronger than our earthquakes
  27. surface waves: seismic waves that travel along the Earth's surface
  28. surface waves: move ground up and down in circles; slowest; most destructive; feels like a roller coaster
  29. time-distance graph: compares the distance between P waves and S waves
  30. transform boundaries: moderate and shallow earthquakes occur here