Quizlet psychology S&P

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  1. absolute threshold: the intensity level of a stimulus at which one can detect the stimulus 50% of the time
  2. adaptation: the reason we don't feel the weight of earrings all the time
  3. adrenal gland: structure that creates adrenaline
  4. an application of Weber's Law: you can tell the defference between a 4 pound barbell and a 6 pound barbell, but not between 50 and 52 pounders
  5. anvil: connects the hammer to the stirrup
  6. bipolar cell: receives information from rods and cones and passes it on to ganglion cells
  7. blind spot: point where the optic nerve leaves the retina
  8. bottom-up: refers to visual processing in which experience does not influence perception
  9. cones: come in red, green and blue models
  10. convergence: binocular depth perception process that involves muscle strain
  11. difference threshold: minimum difference between the intensity levels of two stimuli that we can detect 50% of the time
  12. education: means to "lead out of"; uses same root as transduction
  13. frequency theory: accounts for how we perceive low-pitched sounds
  14. frequency theory: states that certain frequencies cause the entire basilar membrane to vibrate
  15. ganglion cell: its axon forms part of the optic nerve
  16. glucagon: a hormone that tends to increase levels of blood sugar
  17. iris: the blue part of blue eyes
  18. lens: focuses light onto the retina
  19. opponent process theory: explains why some people are red-green color blind
  20. optic chiasm: here left visual field and right visual field are sorted out to be sent to the appropriate hemisphere of the brain
  21. ossicles: little bones in the middle ear
  22. perception: selecting and interpreting information from the environment
  23. photoreceptor: a neuron that is sensitive to light
  24. pinna: the outside part of the ear
  25. place theory: accounts for how we perceive high-pitched sounds
  26. place theory: states that certain frequencies stimulate hair cells only in certain areas on the basilar membrane
  27. pupil: it is a place, but not a thing
  28. retina: contains the rods and cones
  29. rods: enable us to see in very low light
  30. sensation: the process of receiving information from the environment
  31. signal detection theory: explains why thresholds change for different people and in different situations
  32. stirrup: connects the anvil to the oval window
  33. top-down: refers to processing in which our experience and expectations influence our perceptions
  34. transduction: the process of changing one form energy to another
  35. trichromatic theory: states that color vision is possible because we have RGB cones
  36. tympanic membrane: also called an eardrum
  37. visual cortex: located in the occipital lobe
  38. Weber's Law: the difference threshold of two pairs of similar stimuli will be different in magnitude but will be equal in percentage
  39. Young-Helmholtz theory: states that we process color vision using color-specific cones