Quizlet Human Evolution

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  1. Acheulia: Tool culture of Homo erectus and archaic H. sapiens. Pear shaped hand axes
  2. Ape: Includes gorilla, orangutan, gibbon and chimpanzee. No tail, large brain; brachiating knuckle walkers
  3. Australopithecus: Group of extinct omnivorous bipedal hominins. Includes A. anamensis, afarensis, africanus and others
  4. Biological evolution: evolution of bone, muscle, physiology and inherited behaviour
  5. Bipedalism: Walking on two legs; Australopithecus, Paranthropus and Homo genuses
  6. Brachiation: Swinging by arms as apes do
  7. Broca's Area: Area of brain that produces speech; as it develops leaves an indent on the cranium cavity
  8. Burin: Tool used for making holes in skins
  9. Condyle: Buttress of bone on the base of the femur. Humans have this on the outer base and apes have it on the inner. It prevents collapse of the knee inwards
  10. Cultural Evolution: Evolution of culture; weapons, tools, art, music and ritual
  11. Foramen magnum: Opening in the skull for attachment of the spinal cord
  12. Mesolithic: Middle Stone Age; fishing and foraging for wild grains
  13. Mousterian: Tool culture of Neanderthals
  14. Neolithic: New Stone Age; agriculture
  15. Olduwan: Tool culture of Homo habilis
  16. Paleolithic: Old Stone Age
  17. Paranthropus: Genus of vegetarian hominins includes P.aethiopicus, robustus and boisei
  18. Prognathism: Having a protruding muzzle
  19. Quern stone: Rounded stone used for grinding grains into flour
  20. Sexual dimorphism: Where the male is larger and has structural differences from the female
  21. Upper Paleolithic: Culture of the Homo sapiens
  22. Valgus Angle: Carrying angle; the angle less than 180' between the femur and tibia. Indicates bipedalism
  23. Wernicke's area: Area in the brain concerned with recognition of speech
  24. Zygomatic arch: Bone structure on side of cheeck through which the chewing muscles go