composed of the present subjunctive of the auxillary verb(être, avoir) with the past participle. que tu aies parlé. use it when the sentence is informal, and the action of the subordinate clause occurs before the action of the main clause

past subjunctive

j'eus, tu eus, il eut, nous eûmes, vous eûtes, ils eurent

passé simple: avoir

consists of the imperfect subjunctive of the auxillary verb(avoir[que j'eusse] or être[que je fusse]) with the past participle of the verb. use it when the main clause is in the past tense and the action of the subordinate clause happened before the action of the main clause and when the sentence is formal.

pluperfect subjunctive

take the root (take the -ons off the present 'nous' form), and add (-ais, -ais, -ait, -ions, -iez, -aient). the imperfect is always regular

imperfect

je fus, tu fus, il fut, nous fûmes, vous fûtes, ils furent

special passé simple: être

-cer have the 'ç' thoughout, and -ger have the extra 'e' thoughout.

more on the imperfect subjunctive

conjugate these like avoir (eu). boire (bu-), connaître (connu-), courir (couru-), croire (cru-), devoir (du-), falloir (fallu-), lire (lu-), pleuvoir (plu-), pouvoir (pu-), recevoir (reçu-), savoir (su-), valoir (valu-), vivre (vécu-), vouloir (voulu-)

passé simple: most irregular verbs that have a past participle ending in -u have a stem that resembles their past participle. their endings are (-s, -s, -t, -(cflex)mes, -(cflex)tes, -rent)

used after wanting, preferring, needing, make/forcing someone to do something, wishes, desires, necessities, emotions (fear, surprise or curiosity, happiness, sadness, annoyance), doubts, suppositions, and other more subjective conditions. imposition of will, evaluation and opinion, possiblity, negation of fact and opinion,

SUBJUNCTIVE uses (unfinished, i got bored, and also decided it was less useful than other stuff (for me) so go ahead and finish it if you want)