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Scatter: Human Science

neurons
nerve cells that carry impulses between various parts of the body
sensory neuron
a nerve cell that carries messages from the senses to the central nervous system
motor neuron
a nerve cell that carries messages from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles
dendrite
the part of a neuron that receives messages from other neurons
impulse
an electrical message passed from neuron to neuron
axon
the part of the neuron that receives messages from the dendrite and passes the messages to the next neuron
synapse
a gap between neurons where "messages" cross
neurotransmitters
chemicals, caused by the electrical impulse, which are released and cross the synapse to carry the message to the next sensory neuron
myelin sheath
the protective coating of a neuron that helps messages to travel faster from neuron to neuron
white matter
areas of the nervous system that have myelin sheaths
gray matter
areas of the central nervous system that do not have myelin sheaths
somatic nervous system
controls your skeletal muscle movements and helps your body adjust to its external environment
autonomic nervous system
controls involuntary activities such as heart rate, temperature regulation, blood pressure, breathing and digestion
system
a group of organs working together
reflex
an action that happens before the brain has time to think about the action
parts of a neuron
axon, dendrite
How many axons are in each nerve
one
How many dendrites are in each nerve
10,000
How many neurons are in the body
over 10 billion
How long is an axon
over 1 mile long
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
made up of the neurons outside the brain and the spinal cord
Are neurons replaced when they die
no
What determines the size and shape of neurons
their functions, or what their job is
Why are neurons unique
they communicate with each other
Do neurons have a nucleus, chromosomes and DNA
yes
What are the two parts of the PNS
Somatic nervous system and Autonomic nervous system
What is the main job of the somatic nervous system
helps you adjust to your external environment
What is the main job of the autonomic nervous system
regulates your internal system
Which kind of neurons does the autonomic nervous system use
motor neurons
How long does it take the brain to register what happens when you touch a hot stove and yank your hand away
one thousandth of a second
Examples of reflexes
sneezing, blinking, knee reflexes
photic sneezing
sneezing to bright light like sunlight
What kind of reflex is photic sneezing
genetic reflex

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Are neurons replaced when they dieno
Do neurons have a nucleus, chromosomes and DNAyes
Examples of reflexessneezing, blinking, knee reflexes
How long does it take the brain to register what happens when you touch a hot stove and yank your hand awayone thousandth of a second
How long is an axonover 1 mile long
How many axons are in each nerveone
How many dendrites are in each nerve10,000
How many neurons are in the bodyover 10 billion
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)made up of the neurons outside the brain and the spinal cord
What are the two parts of the PNSSomatic nervous system and Autonomic nervous system
What determines the size and shape of neuronstheir functions, or what their job is
What is the main job of the autonomic nervous systemregulates your internal system
What is the main job of the somatic nervous systemhelps you adjust to your external environment
What kind of reflex is photic sneezinggenetic reflex
Which kind of neurons does the autonomic nervous system usemotor neurons
Why are neurons uniquethey communicate with each other
autonomic nervous systemcontrols involuntary activities such as heart rate, temperature regulation, blood pressure, breathing and digestion
axonthe part of the neuron that receives messages from the dendrite and passes the messages to the next neuron
dendritethe part of a neuron that receives messages from other neurons
gray matterareas of the central nervous system that do not have myelin sheaths
impulsean electrical message passed from neuron to neuron
motor neurona nerve cell that carries messages from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles
myelin sheaththe protective coating of a neuron that helps messages to travel faster from neuron to neuron
neuronsnerve cells that carry impulses between various parts of the body
neurotransmitterschemicals, caused by the electrical impulse, which are released and cross the synapse to carry the message to the next sensory neuron
parts of a neuronaxon, dendrite
photic sneezingsneezing to bright light like sunlight
reflexan action that happens before the brain has time to think about the action
sensory neurona nerve cell that carries messages from the senses to the central nervous system
somatic nervous systemcontrols your skeletal muscle movements and helps your body adjust to its external environment
synapsea gap between neurons where "messages" cross
systema group of organs working together
white matterareas of the nervous system that have myelin sheaths
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