 | Term | Definition |
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Locke |
He wrote "Essay Concerning Human Understanding". Denied Descartes belief in innate ideas. Offered the "tabula rasa" theory., English empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704) |
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Kant |
"Dare to know! Have the courage to use your own intelligence!" |
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Hume |
Wrote Treatise on Human Nature. Said that observation made possible the study of man. |
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Holbach |
wrote “System of Nature”, which said humans are only machines and have no free will- created a rift between atheist and deist thinkers within the enlightened group |
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Condorcet |
Wrote The Progress of the Human Mind. He identified humans will go through 10 stages of progress. They were about to enter the tenth where humans will be perfect in understanding. |
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Smith |
Scottish economist who advocated private enterprise and free trade (1723-1790) |
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Voltaire |
he did not like the slave trade and wanted tolerance of everyone and freedom of speech |
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Bayle |
Wrote Dictionary. A religous skeptic who attacked superstition, religous attitudes, and dogmatism. |
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Physiocrats |
economic reformers who believed mercantilist policies and labor regulation by government and guilds hampered expansion of trade and agriculture |
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4 Obstacles |
Absolutism, social order, mercantilism, French Catholic Church |
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David |
French neoclassical painter who actively supported the French Revolution (1748-1825) |
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Laissez-Faire |
No gov't interaction with economics. "hands-off" |
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Astell |
Wrote A Serious Proposal to the Ladies & Some Reflections Upon Marriage. She wanted women to be educated and argued for equality in marriage. |
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Rococo |
fanciful but graceful asymmetric ornamentation in art and architecture that originated in France in the 18th century |
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Pogroms |
Jewish massacres that were used as emotional outlets |
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Diderot |
Wrote Encyclopedia. Vicously attacked Christianity calling it "dogmatic" and the "most fanatical religion of all". His Encyclopedia spread Enlightened ideas very far. |
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Volkschule |
a system of state-supported primary schoold in the Habsburg Austrian Empire. |
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Realschule |
a school that offered modern languages, geography, and bookkeeping to prepare young boys for careers in business. (in Germany) |
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Beccaria |
(1738-1794) wrote 'On Crimes and Punishments', wanted laws to conform to rational laws of nature |
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Wesley |
Methodism---converted to ideas of Moravin Brethen during storm. Protestant Revivalism brought through emotion. All can be saved by experiencing God. |
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Fielding |
Wrote Tom Jones, English novelist/satirist |
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Wollstonecraft |
(1759-1797) wrote 'Vindication of the Rights of Woman', accused Rousseau of attempting to narrow women's vision/limit their experience, said denying education to women would impede humanity's progress |
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Gibbon |
English historian best known for his history of the Roman Empire (1737-1794) |
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Watteau |
French painter (1684-1721) "Pilgrimage to Cythera" |
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Quesnay |
Leader of the Physiocrats who thought that land was the source of all wealth and supported laissez-faire economies. |
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