| Term | Definition |
|
absolute location |
exact location of a place on the earth described by global coordinates |
|
basin |
area of land drainedby a given river and its branches; area of land |
|
bay |
part of a large body of water that extends into a shoreline, generally |
|
canyon |
deep and narrow valley with steep walls |
|
cape |
point of land that extends into a river, lake, or ocean |
|
channel |
wide strait or waterway between two landmasses that lie close to each |
|
Cliff |
steep, high wall of rock, earth, or ice |
|
Continent |
one of the seven large landmasses on the earth |
|
Delta |
flat, low-lying land built up from soil carried downstream by a river and |
|
Divide |
stretch of high land that separates river systems |
|
Downstream |
direction in which a river or stream flows from its source to its mouth |
|
Elevation |
height of land above sea level |
|
Equator |
imaginary line that runs around the earth halfway between the North and |
|
Glacier |
large, thick body of slowly moving ice |
|
Gulf |
part of a large body of water that extends into a shoreline; generally |
|
Harbor |
a sheltered place along a shoreline where ships can anchor safely |
|
Highland |
elevated land area such as a hill, mountain, or plateau |
|
Hill |
elevated land with sloping sides and rounded summit; generally smaller |
|
Island |
land area, smaller than a continent, completely surrounded by water |
|
Isthmus |
narrow stretch of land connecting two larger land areas |
|
Lake |
a sizable inland body of water |
|
Latitude |
distance north or south of the Equator, measured in degrees |
|
Longitude |
distance east or west of the Prime Meridian, measured in degrees |
|
Lowland |
land, usually level, at a low elevation |
|
Map |
drawing of the earth shown on a flat surface |
|
Meridian |
one of many lines on the global grid running from the North Pole to the |
|
Mesa |
broad, flat-topped landform with steep sides; smaller than a plateau |
|
Mountain |
land with steep sides that rises sharply (1,000 feet or more) from |
|
Mountain peak |
pointed top of a mountain |
|
Mountain range |
a series of connected mountains |
|
Mouth |
place where a stream or river flows into a larger body of water |
|
Ocean |
one of the four major bodies of salt water that surround the continents |
|
Ocean current |
stream of either cold or warm water that moves in a definite direction through an |
|
Parallel |
one of many lines on the global grid that circles the earth north or south of the |
|
Peninsula |
body of land jutting into a lake or ocean, surrounded on three sides by water |
|
Physical feature |
characteristic of a place occurring naturally; such as a landform, body of water, |
|
Plain |
area of level land, usually at low elevation and often covered with grasses |
|
Plateau |
area of flat or rolling land at a high elevation, about 300-3,000 feet high |
|
Prime Meridian |
line of the global grid running from the North Pole to the South Pole through |
|
Relief |
changes in elevation over a given area of land |
|
River |
large natural stream of water that runs through the land |
|
Sea |
large body of water completely or partly surrounded by land |
|
Seacoast |
land lying next to a sea or an ocean |
|
Sound |
broad inland body of water, often between a coastline and one or more islands |
|
Source |
place where a river or stream begins, often in highlands |
|
Strait |
narrow stretch of water joining two larger bodies of water |
|
Tributary |
small river or stream that flows into a large river or stream; a branch of the river |
|
Upstream |
direction opposite the flow of a river; toward the source of a river or stream |
|
Valley |
area of low land between hills or mountains |
|
Volcano |
Mountain created as liquid rock and ash erupt from inside the earth |