Set: ashleys science vocab that is so amazingly amazing because guess what ashley made it :]

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All 95 Terms

Term Definition
energy ability to do work or cause change
soil horizon layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layer above or below it.
humus dark colored substance formed as plant and animal remains decay. it helps create places in the soil fro air and water and contains nutrients.
permeable means that material is full of tiny connected air spances that allow water to seep through it.
bedrock solid layer of rock beneath the soil.
soil loose, weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow. It is a mixture of rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, water, and air.
mechanical weathering type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces.
ice wedging wedges of ice get into rocks and widen and deepen the cracks.
abrasion refers to the grinding away of rock particles carried by water, ice, wind, and gravity.
chemical weathering process that breaks down rocks through chemical changes. agents include water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, living organisms, and acid rain.
erosion removal of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity.
dust bowl occured when a long drought hit the great plains turning most of the soil into dust. The winds easily blew most of the dust/soil into huge black dust/soil clouds.
stalactite a calcite deposit that hangs from the roof of a cave.
sod thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil that keeps it in place and holds onto the moisture
contour plowing form of soil conservation where farmers plow their fields along the curves of a slope. It helps slow the runoff of excess rainfall and prevents it from washing soil away
soil conservation management of soil to prevent its destruction. forms include contour plowing, conservation plowing, and crop rotation.
conservation plowing form of soil conservation when farmers disturb the soil and its plant cover as little as possilble. Dead weeds and stalks from previous harvests are left to help return nutrients back to the soil, retain moisture, and hold it in place.
erosion process by which natural forces move weathered rock and soil from one place to another
deposition occurs when agents of erosion deposit, or lay down sediment. it changes the shape of the land.
sediment material moved by erosion
runoff water that moves over Earth's surface
rills as runoff travels, it makes tiny grooves in the soil (make sure you use an s at the end of the answer)
gully a large groove or channel in the soil that carries runoff after a long rain
stream channel along which water is continually flowing downhill
tributary stream or river that flows into a larger body of water.
drainage basin watershed, the area from which a river and its tributaries collect their water
delta landform made of sediment that is deposited where a river flows into an ocean or lake.
oxbow lake meander cut off from a river
stalagmite cone shaped calcite deposit that builds up from the floor of the cave
floodplain wide valley through which a river flows.
groundwater water that fills the cracks and spaces in underground soil and rock layers.
meander a looplike bend in the course of a river
weathering process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth's surface
alluvial fan wide, sloping deposit of sediment formed where a stream leaves a mountain range
decomposers organisms that break down the remains of dead organisms into smaller peices and digest them with chemicals.fungi, bacteria, worms are examples.
litter loose layer of leaves formed as plants shed leaves.
subsoil makes up B horizon. consists of clay and other particles.
topsoil makes up A horizon. crumbly dark brown, mixture of humus, clay and other minerals.
loam soil that is made up of equal parts of sand, clay and silt.
mass extinction when many types of organisms go extinct at the same time
vertabrate animal w/ a backbone
invertabrate animals without backbones
periods measurement of time in which eras are subdivided.
era measurement of time containing periods after Precambrian Time.
geologic time scale record of life forms and geologic events in Earth's history
half-life time it takes for 1/2 of an element to decay
radioactive decay when elements break down
index fossil helps find relative age. needs to be widely distributed and only around for a short amount of time.
extrusion lava that hardens on surface
intrusion magma cools and hardens into a mass of igneous rock
fault break in Earth's crust
unconformity where 2 new surfaces meet in which bottom one is a lot older and they are out of order
law of superposition determines relative age of sedimentary rock layers. layer on top= younger and layer below=older.
absolute age # of yrs. since a rock was formed
relative age a rock's age compared to something else
extinct no longer and never will again exsist on Earth
evolution gradual change in living things
trace fossil fossil that provides evidence of activities of ancient organisms
carbon film extremly thin coating of carbon on rock
cast solid copy of the shape of an organism or part of it.
mold hollow area in sediment in the shape of part of or the organism
petrified fossil fossils in whcih minerals take place of all or part of an organism
sedimentary type of rock that is made of hardened sediment
paleontologists scientists who study fossils.
fossil perserved remains or traces of living things
loess fine wind deposited sediment.
deflation process by which wind removes surface materials
sand dune deposit of wind blown sand
spit beach that projects out like a finger as a result of deposition.
longshore drift as waves repeatedly hit the beach at an angle, sediment moves down with the current.
beach area of wave washed sediment along coast.
kettle small depression that forms when a chunk of ice is left in a glacial till.
moraine till deposited at the edge of a glacier forms a ridge
till mixture of sediments that a glacier deposits directly to the surface
plucking when a flowing glacier picks up rocks as it goes
ice age time when continental glaciers covered large parts of Earth's surface.
continental glacier glacier that covers most of a continent or island.
valley glacier long narrow glacier that forms when snow and ice build up high in a mountain valley.
glacier any large mass of ice that moves slowly over land.
turbulence when water moves in every which way
friction force which opposes the motion of one surface as it moves across another
load amount of sediment a river carries
abrasion wearing away of rock by a grinding action
kinetic energy energy an object has due to motion
potential energy energy that's stored and wating to be used later
karst topography region in which a layer of limestone close to the surface creates deep valleys, caves, and sinkholes
u-shaped valley what is scooped by a flowing glacier
v-shaped valley a deep valley near a river's source
valley widening exists where a river approaches sea level and meanders more
glacial lake large lakes in long basins eroded by plucking and abrasion
fiord forms when the level of the sea rises, filling a valley once cut by a glacier in a coastal region
delta sediment deposited where a river flows into an ocean or lake
cirque a bowl-shaped hollow eroded by a glacier
arete a sharp ridge separating two cirques
divide the high ground between two drainage basins

Set Information

Terms 95
Creator ashley718
Created December 15, 2007
Group 7th grade
Tags what, guess, amazingly, amazing
Access Anyone
Edit Creator Only

Description

this is everything except the time periods i made a seprate set thing 4 that cause those r hard.... so i think..:] well good luck on yallz exams. i think were all gonna need it!
:]
woohoo
<3 ashley

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knowthom44 : nice ashley
lvascience : Yeah. Thanks for doing this for us (and you 2, duh!
lvascience : -pz
lvascience : this is amazing
ashley718 : yeah u noe it. its only good cause i made it. jk. :]
actorkid112 : Hello anybody
lexo345 : wats up peeps
Last Message: 8 months ago

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Most Missed Words

  1. floodplain → wide valley through which a river flows. - 8 misses
  2. v-shaped valley → a deep valley near a river's source - 7 misses
  3. fossil → perserved remains or traces of living things - 6 misses
  4. valley widening → exists where a river approaches sea level and meanders more - 6 misses
  5. trace fossil → fossil that provides evidence of activities of ancient organisms - 5 misses
  6. fiord → forms when the level of the sea rises, filling a valley once cut by a glacier in a coastal region - 5 misses
  7. erosion → removal of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity. - 4 misses