Set: Biology Chapter 21

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All 23 Terms

Term Definition
aerobic term for processes that require oxygen
anaerobic term for processes that do not require oxygen
antibiotic chemical used as a drug to kill bacteria
bacillus rod-shaped bacterium
bacterophage virus that infects bacteria
capsid protein sheath that surrounds the nucleic acid core in a virus
capsule gelatinous outer layer enclosing many bacterial cell walls
coccus spherical-shaped bacterium
conjugation temporary union of two organisms to exchange nuclear material
emerging virus virus that evolves in a geographically isolated area and is pathogenic to humans
endospore dormant bacterial cell enclosed by a tough coating that is highly resistant to environmental stress
envelope outer layer covering the capsid of many kinds of viruses
glycoprotein protein with carbohydrate molecules attached
lysoenic cycle cycle in which a viral genome replicates as a provirus without destroying the host cell
lytic cycle cycle of a viral infection; results in replication of viruses and cell destruction
pathogen disease causing agent
pilus short, thick outgrowth of a bacterium that allows it to attach to another bacterium
prion infectious particles composed of protein with no nucleic acid
provirus viral DNA which inserts into a host cell's chromosomes
spirillum spiral-shaped bacteria
toxin chemical compound excreted into the environment by bacteria that are poisonous to eukaryotic cells
viriod in plants, infectious disease agent composed of a single strand of RNA with not capsid
virus strand of nucleic acid encased in a protein coat that can infect cells and replicate within them

Set Information

Terms 23
Creator grace13
Created January 9, 2008
Groups Randolph class of '11, Class of '11, 2011 Randolph
Tags terms, key, chapter, biology, 21
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Most Missed Words

  1. lysoenic cycle → cycle in which a viral genome replicates as a provirus without destroying the host cell - 4 misses
  2. provirus → viral DNA which inserts into a host cell's chromosomes - 4 misses
  3. endospore → dormant bacterial cell enclosed by a tough coating that is highly resistant to environmental stress - 3 misses
  4. anaerobic → term for processes that do not require oxygen - 2 misses
  5. emerging virus → virus that evolves in a geographically isolated area and is pathogenic to humans - 2 misses
  6. viriod → in plants, infectious disease agent composed of a single strand of RNA with not capsid - 2 misses
  7. bacterophage → virus that infects bacteria - 1 miss