 | Term | Definition |
| |
Light |
Stimulus of Eyes, Sight |
| |
Sound |
Stimulus of Ears, Hearing |
| |
Particles |
Stimulus of Nose, Smell |
| |
Particles |
Stimulus of Tongue, Taste |
| |
Pressure and Heat |
Stimulus of Skin, Touch |
| |
Receptors |
Sense Organs |
| |
Stimuli |
Things our sense organs resond to |
| |
Central Nervous System |
Receptors are connected to this. |
| |
Brain and Spinal Cord |
Main organs found in the nervous system |
| |
Nerves |
Receptors are connected to the CNS by these. |
| |
Electrical Impulses |
These travel down nerves. |
| |
Effector organs |
CNS sends impuses to these. |
| |
Sensory |
Type of neuron that goes from the sense organ to the nerve ending |
| |
Motor |
Type of neuron that goes from cell body to muscle or gland |
| |
Sense organ |
Sensory neuron starts here. |
| |
Nerve |
Sensory neuron ends here. |
| |
Cell body |
Motor neuron starts here. |
| |
Muscle or Gland |
Motor neuron ends here. (x2) |
| |
Axon |
Runs down the middle of a neuron |
| |
Myelin Sheath |
Insulates Axon |
| |
Sensory |
Neuron where the cell body is in the middle |
| |
Motor |
Neuron where the cell body is at one end. |
| |
Reflexes |
Things that happen but we don't think about them (e.g. when we are burnt) |
| |
Automatic response to a stimulus |
Definition of a reflex action |
| |
Reflex Arc |
Nervous pathway for reflexes |
| |
Sensory |
First neurone in reflex arc |
| |
Relay |
Second neurone in reflex arc |
| |
Motor |
Third neurone in reflex arc |
| |
Synapse |
Junction between neurone |
| |
Neurotransmitter |
Chemical released from end of a neurone to stimulate another neurone to produce another electrical impulse |
| |
Receptor site |
Where a neurone receives chemical neurotransmitters. |
| |
Homeostasis |
Keeping conditions within the body stable |
| |
Cool down the body |
Why does sweating occur during exercise? |
| |
Salt and water evaporates |
How does sweating help the body during exercise? |
| |
To take in more air so we can respire |
Why do we breathe faster during exercise? |
| |
Dehydration |
What effect can sweating and faster breathing have on the body? |
| |
Physiology |
Study of processes of the body |
| |
Impaired performance |
Effect of 2% body weight lost as sweat |
| |
Circulatory collapse and heat stroke |
Effect of 10% body weight lost as sweat |
| |
Glucose |
Used by muscles for energy while we exercise |
| |
Sugars |
Used in energy release during activity and an ingredient in sports drinks. |
| |
Water and Ions |
Lost during sweating and an ingredient in sports drinks. |
| |
Chemical Messengers |
What are hormones? |
| |
In response to a stimulus |
When are hormones produced? |
| |
Blood Steam |
Transports hormones to their target organs. |
| |
Follicle Stimulating Hormone |
Hormone that stimulates devopment of an egg |
| |
Pituitary Gland |
Where is FSH produced? |
| |
Fluid Filled Sac |
What is a follicle? |
| |
Oestrogen |
FSH stimulates ovary to produce this. |
| |
Oestrogen |
Thickens uterus lining |
| |
Thickens uterus lining |
Oestrogen causes this to happen. |
| |
FSH is no longer produced |
Happens when Oestrogen reaches a certain level |
| |
LH |
Hormone produced when FSH stops |
| |
Follicle ruptures |
Effect of LH |
| |
Stops FSH production |
Reason Oestrogen is used in contraception |
| |
FSH |
Given at the start of IVF |
| |
Oestrogen |
Given to mother in IVF before eggs are re-inserted |
