 | Term | Definition |
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early middle ages |
settlements of europe different germanic groups copeting for land |
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High middle ages |
expansion of culture |
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Late middle ages |
christans decline, rise nation states |
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German barbarians |
different germanic groups that during the early middle ages made settlements |
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comitatus |
festivial after german victory for the franks. it showed that warfare was an essential part of life |
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dowry |
bride price |
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beowolf |
germanic/poem |
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ponganism |
fear of human sacrifice |
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detities |
gods |
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odin |
god of magic |
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thor |
magical hammer |
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celts |
many escaped german rule, went to rome, britans and guals were conquered in gual |
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pics |
named pics for their heavily tatooed bodies and they were part of the celt group |
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Scots |
they were another group from the celts |
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slavs |
pagan germanic groups |
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goths |
2 groups, odtrogoths and vistrogoths, they all converted to one type of christianity |
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ostrogoths |
a part of the goth group, they were the east part and they conquer rome in 176 |
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visigoths |
a part of the goth group, they conquered rome and they settle in spain |
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angels, saxons, and jutes |
3 germanic groups become one. exterminated germans tired to take over visigoths |
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Brittany |
britans fled and created brittany because of angels, saxons, and jutes |
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franks |
strongest kingdom |
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clovis |
a merovingian who conquered much of central europe. united much of germany through christianity, killed uch of family to get to the top since he wasn't the youngest son |
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Merovingians |
known as the do nothing kings. decendents of jesus |
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battle of tetry |
the battle in which the merovingians started to decline and dubed the do nothing kings because it was their start of decline |
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mohammed |
rose to power in mecca, created islam. visited by the prophet gabriel |
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charles martel |
"the hammer" led franks against the battle of muslums |
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battle of tour |
732AD. charles martel led the franks against muslims and won |
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childerc "the idiot" |
the last mervingian king he was made a monk |
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Pepin the short |
King of the franks, he went to the pope to ask if the leader should be the strongest or the heir to the thrown. pope says strongest so he took over. he over took childeric |
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Carolingians |
the new dynasty when pepin the short became king |
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charlemagne |
son of pepin. First holy roman emperor. fought and united old western romans empire. |
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treaty of verdum |
charlemanges grandsons created this. they splitted the territories of the empire into 3 kingdoms |
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Vikings |
invaded western europe. vikings were farmers and traders from scandinovia. Vikings looted towns, castles, etc. France gave part of Norhern France |
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Scandinovia |
vikings liked there, |
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norsemen |
the vikings were given part of the land normandy |
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feudalism |
an unwritten system in which lords ruled over vassals, vassals ruled over nights, knights ruled over serfs, serfs ruled over slaves, the lord of the higharchy of these people. |
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vassal |
lesser lord who pays homage to a lord |
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fiefs |
an estate |
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feudal contract |
an unwritten agreement that a serf would work for an higher class |
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manoralism |
the idea that everyone would live on the manor and they would divide the work among the proper worker |
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serf |
a peasant, lowest class |
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demesne |
lords land worked on by serfs |
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edward the confessor |
had no children, king of england, he caused the fight between harlod and william |
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william the conqueror |
attacked and conquered anglo saxons england |
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battle of hastings |
edward promised william the land than he backed out and gave to harold and william got pissed and conquered it |
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Henry II |
Had power in france, he came up with common law systems [ judges], established first llegal textbok on common law, granted magistrates the power to render leagal decisions, he replaced trial by ordeal by trial with jury, he lessoned the power of the chrch in egland |
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Thomas Becket |
henry the second sbest friend. Henry the second appointed him archbishop because he doesn't think he'll tell on him to the pope and he also is appointed chancelor. But in a drunken state he told friends/guards he wanted thomas dead and they ended up killing him. Henry had to get whipped because of it. |
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John lackland |
son of henry, raised taxes and all of the lords got mad at him and forced him to sign the new charter, magna carta |
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Magna carta |
A bill by the lords forced to be signed by john lackland that said a king had to obey his own laws. it forced the beggining of a new parliment |
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Henry III |
he was put in power but he was too young so he was forced to give up land and power |
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parliament |
created a check and balance system in which kings (henryIII) had to ask the parliament or people to raise taxes or to pass bills |
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House of Lords |
house made up of higher or upperclass |
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House of commons |
house made up of commoners |
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Great schism |
1054. split between greek orthodox and roman catholics because of their differnce in idols |
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Holy land |
Jersualem |
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Seljuk Turks |
conquered palestine. when they conquered jersualem they didnt allow christains to make the pilgrames their holy land |
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Pope urban II |
pope who called for the crusades to take back the holy land |
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crusades |
efforts by the christans to take back the holy land from muslim rule |
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Peter the hermit |
a civilian that inspired by pope urban II to lead a crusade to jersualem and he gathered 100,000 people at the gates. not counted as the first crusade because it didnt make any impact on anything |
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Popular crusade |
peter the hermit's crusade which didnt make any difference |
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First crusade |
when the christians took acre and jersusalem, they killed thousands of muslims and ordodox christaians they hold jersualem for 200 years. Kingdon of Jersualem established only sucessful crusade |
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Saladin |
he began to organize muslims inorder to take back acre and jerusalem and he was sucessful. he treats christains fairly by allowing them visits to jersualems pilgramages |
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Richard the Lionhearted |
along with phillip II he organizzzed the third crusade, the christians took back acra, muslims kept jerusalem |
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Children's crusade |
crusade organized by stephen of cloyes, 20,000 children left on 7 boats, two sank and the rest were sold into slavery |
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Reconquista |
when spain decided to claim back spain from th muslims, they slowley slowley accomplished this leaving the mulims with only a small portion of granada |
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Granada |
mulim territory in spain after the reconquista which was taken back by spain in 1492 |
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Ferdinand and isabella |
the couple who united spain |
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Black death/black plaugue |
disease carried by rodents from fleas that wiped out a third of the population in Europe |
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Capetians |
a series of kings from france that had sons and heirs for 300 years |
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Edward III |
the closest male relative to the last capetian king Phillip IV, frankish law prohibited him from taking the crown, ---beginnings of the 100 year war |
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Phillip IV |
last capetian king, had three sons who died without heirs |
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Phillip VI |
cousin of Phillip IV became king after he died,---also beginnings of 100 year war |
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100 years war |
war between Flanders(england) and france, edward would't trade wool to france and then claimed that he had the french thrown, then Phillip took the land of aquatin that led to war |
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First period of the 100 years war |
period when english had the most victories and the black plague caused a temporary truce |
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second period of the 100 years war |
french become victorious and force the english to flee to calais |
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third period of the 100 years war |
henry V of england forces french to surrender Charles VI of france names henry his heir |
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joan of arc |
peasent girl who heard voices from saints, asked charles for an army and she forced the eglishe to give up a seige, but was then burned at the stake |
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