Set: Chemistry Section of Midterm Review Sheet

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All 24 Terms

Term Definition
pH the negative log of the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration
Acid more H+ ions , releases hydrogen ions (H+); a chemical with a pH less than 7
Base less H+ ions, more OH- ions, any substance that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in water and has a pH above 7.
surface tension The cohesive forces between liquid molecules, happens because the surface molecules are not surrounded by other water molecules on all sides, so they cohere
Specific Heat is the amount of heat required to change a unit mass of a substance by one degree in temperature.
Cohesion water pulling on another molecule of water, helps water get up the stem of the plant
Non-Polar Bonds equal sharing of electrons, equal electronegativities
Polar Bonds the electronegativities are similar, but not equal, unequal sharing of electrons
Ionic Bond electrons are completely transferred from one atom .
Dehydration Synthesis The chemical process by which a molecule of water is removed from the reactants to join the reactants together.
Hydrolysis The chemical process by which a molecule of water is added to something to separate it into 2
Proteins made up of amino acids (monomers) Function- enzymes, held together by peptide bonds
Carbohydrates (monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides) primary source of energy, glycosidic bonds
Lipids nonpolar (hydrophobic) made up of 2 fatty acids and 1 glycerol, ester linkage bonds
Nucleic Acids DNA and RNA, made up of nucleotides (ribose or deoxyribose, phosphate, and a nitrogen base
Enzymes proteins that catalyze or speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy
Product the end result of a reaction
Reactant substance that undergoes a chemical reaction
Endothermic/ Endergonic chemical reactions that must absorb energy in order to proceed
Exothermic/ Exergonic chemical reactions that release energy in the form of heat, light, or sound.
Activation Energy energy needed to start a reaction
Protein Conformation the shape of the protein, the way it is built
Denaturing changing the conformation of a protein through, pH, temperature, or salt concentration changes
Catalyst an enzyme that speeds up a reaction

Set Information

Terms 24
Creator leahcar
Created January 24, 2008
Group CHS class of ONE ONE
Tags midterm, biology, honors, sheridan, mrs
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Most Missed Words

  1. Endothermic/ Endergonic → chemical reactions that must absorb energy in order to proceed - 7 misses
  2. Exothermic/ Exergonic → chemical reactions that release energy in the form of heat, light, or sound. - 7 misses
  3. Lipids → nonpolar (hydrophobic) made up of 2 fatty acids and 1 glycerol, ester linkage bonds - 6 misses
  4. Specific Heat → is the amount of heat required to change a unit mass of a substance by one degree in temperature. - 5 misses
  5. Hydrolysis → The chemical process by which a molecule of water is added to something to separate it into 2 - 5 misses
  6. Protein Conformation → the shape of the protein, the way it is built - 5 misses
  7. Denaturing → changing the conformation of a protein through, pH, temperature, or salt concentration changes - 5 misses