 | Term | Definition |
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What theory states that one kind of organism can change into a different kind of organism? |
biological evolution |
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What theory is a method of biological evolution and states that traits are caused by an organism's environment (giraffe's neck)? |
theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics |
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What species did Darwin study while developing his theories? |
tortoises of the Galapagos Islands |
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What theory is associated with the phrase "survival of the fittest"? |
theory of natural selection |
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Who proposed the theory of the inheritance of acquired characteristics? |
Jean Baptiste Lamarck |
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What theory did De Vries come up with? |
mutation theory of evolution |
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What is said to be somatic, harmful, and not passed on to offspring? |
mutations |
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What theory is called Neo-Darwinism and is believed to be true by many evolutionists today? |
mutation-selection theory |
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What are most common ancestors believed to be by evolutionists? |
missing links |
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What type of structure is shared by two or more species and used by evolutionists to indicate (wrongly) common ancestry? |
homologous structures |
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What organism is viewed by some evolutionists as a missing link between reptiles and birds? |
archaeopteryx |
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What type of family tree indicates how organisms supposedly evolved from common ancestors? |
evolutionary family tree |
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According to evolutionists, why do some structures appear so similar in a variety of species? |
common ancestry |
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Where do most evolutionists say the oldest fossils are found? |
found at the bottom of the fossil record |
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What was the Archaeopteryx? |
a missing link - organism with tiny clawed fingers on its wings, a beak with teeth, and a muscular tail longer than most birds' tails - said to be the missing link between birds and reptiles |
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How could the Genesis Flood have been the cause for most of the fossils? |
strange and extinct organisms found in sedimentary fossils were alive in Noah's day - most fossils are a record of the days when the Flood occurred as the swirling waters of a worldwide flood could have caused the random order of the fossils found |
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What are acquired traits? |
traits that are caused by an organism's environment - not their genetics |
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What two kinds of organisms did Darwin find on the Galapagos Islands that he later used to explain natural selection? |
tortoises - notched-shell-tortoises and rounded-shell-tortoises |
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Who proposed the mutation theory of evolution? |
Hugo De Vries |
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Why are most mutations not passed on to offspring? |
they take place in body cells |
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What are three main points of the mutation-selection theory? |
mutations supply new traits, organisms produce more offspring than can survive, and selection allows only those with the best traits to survive |
