 | Term | Definition |
| |
What are the vital signs |
blood pressure, respirations, pulse, and temperature. |
| |
Temperature,normal range (oral) |
96.8-99.5 |
| |
temperature, normal range (rectal) |
97.8-100.5 |
| |
temperature, normal range (axillary) |
95.8-98.9 |
| |
time of day affecting temp. |
lower in the morning-higher in the afternoon. |
| |
most common location to measure temp. |
oral |
| |
most accurate location to measure temp. |
rectal |
| |
what is the pulse? |
an indirect measure of the contraction of the left ventricle. |
| |
pulse, normal range (adult) |
60-100 bpm |
| |
pulse, normal range (children 1-7 yrs) |
80-120 bpm |
| |
pulse, normal range (newborns) |
100-130 bpm |
| |
age's affect on pulse |
up in adolescents, lower for 65 yrs. and older. |
| |
infections affect on pulse |
increases |
| |
3-5 minutes |
amount of time it should take for pulse to return to normal after excercise. |
| |
beta blockers |
medication that does not allow the heart rate to rise normally with exercise. |
| |
most common location to access pulse. |
radial and coroted. |
| |
access pulse in UE. |
brachial and temporal |
| |
access pulse in LE |
femoral, dorsal pedal, popliteal, and posterior tibialis. |
| |
strong regular pulse rate |
even beats, good force for each beat. |
| |
weak and regular pulse |
even beats, poor force for each beat. |
| |
irregular pulse |
strong and weak beats occur. |
| |
thready pulse |
irregular beats, weak force with each beat. |
| |
tachycardia |
heart rate >100 |
| |
bradycardia |
heart rate <60 |
| |
measuring pulse for 10 seconds |
multiply by 6, error +/- 6 bpm |
| |
measuring pulse for 15 seconds |
multiply by 4, error+/- 4 bpm. |
| |
measuring pulse for 20 seconds |
multiply by 3, error +/- 3 bpm. |
| |
measuring pulse for 30 seconds |
multiply by 2, error +/- 2 bpm. |
| |
systolic |
BP at the time of left ventricle contraction, top number |
| |
diastolic |
BP at the period of rest, bottom number. |
| |
90-139 |
normal range for systole. |
| |
60-89 |
normal range for diastole. |
| |
120/80 |
generally considered normal blood pressure. |
| |
15-20 mmHg |
how much to inflate the cuff over the normal BP. |
| |
The BP, position amd extremity. |
what is recorded when a BP is taken. |
| |
hypertension |
high blood pressure (140/90) |
| |
hypotension |
low blood pressure (89/59) |
| |
too narrow of a BP cuff |
increase the pressure |
| |
too wide of a BP cuff |
decrease the pressure |
| |
some factors for hypertension |
obesity, race, diet, diabetes, excessive nicotine or alcohol. |
| |
rate |
number of breaths taken per minute. |
| |
rhythm |
regularity of the breathing pattern |
| |
depth |
amount of air exchanged with each breath |
| |
character |
deviations from normal,resting,quiet respiration. |
| |
12-20 breaths per minute |
normal respiration range for an adult. |
| |
40-60 breaths per minute |
normal respiration range for infants |
| |
orthopnea |
difficulty breathing while lying down |
| |
apnea |
not breathing at all, periods of not breathing. |
| |
tachypnea |
rapid breathing |
| |
dyspnea |
difficulty breathing |
| |
age's affect on respiration |
it increases in ages under 5 and over 65 |
| |
arousal |
body's ability to respond to activity. |
| |
alert |
awake and attentive with normal/accurate response to stimulation. |
| |
lethargic |
tired(might fall asleep during treatment) may become diverted during treatment. |
| |
obtunded |
hard to arouse, appear confused if awake; needs lots of stimulation to stay awake. |
| |
stupor |
semi-comatose; respond to noxious stimuli only; cannot maintain attention to treatment when arroused. |
| |
coma |
not able to be aroused by any means. |
| |
attention |
their awareness of the environment or responsivness to a stimuli w/o being distracted by another stimulus. |
| |
orientation |
person, place, time, why. Ox3, Ox4. |
| |
cognition |
understanding, fund of knowledge, calculation, proverb interpretation. |
| |
short term memory |
short recall |
| |
long term memory |
long time ago, years ago. |
| |
muscle strength vs loss of joint motion |
what AROM determines. |
| |
PROM used to assess |
joint motion, joint capsule, ligaments, end feel, and capsular patterns. |
| |
hypermobile ( the problem) |
increased joint motion. |
| |
hypermobile ( what we do) |
strengthen the muscles that surround the joint capsule. |
| |
hypomobile ( the problem) |
decreased joint motion. |
| |
hypomobile ( what we do) |
stretch the muscles. |
| |
muscle performance |
muscles ability to work |
| |
muscle strength |
the ability to produce force in a muscle to overcome resistance. |
| |
muscle endurance |
the ability to contract over time either repeatedly or sustained. |
| |
muscle power |
amount of work the muscle can produce over a certain amount of time. |
| |
tone |
resistance to passive lengthening of a muscle. |
| |
spasticity |
velocity dependent: faster larger stretch leads to greater tone increase, upper motor neuron lesion. |
| |
rigidity |
resistance to passive movements, velocity independent. |
| |
flaccidity |
hypotonia, lower motor neuron lesion. |
| |
dystonia |
difficulty controlling tone, PNS. |
| |
DTR bicep |
C5-6 |
| |
DTR tricep |
C7-8 |
| |
DTR quadriceps |
L3-4 (patella tendon) |
| |
DTR gastrocs |
L5-S1 (achilles tendon) |
| |
5-7 minutes |
amount of time for the systolic to return to normal after excercise. |
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