Set: Genetics Study Guide Vocab

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All 24 Terms

Term Definition
Genotype the actual alleles that represent a trait on a chromosome
Phenotype the physical appearance of a trait
Allele alternate form of gene; two types: dominant and recessive
Polygenic a trait determined by two or more genes
Dihybrid a cross with sets of alleles with two different traits
Monohybrid a cross with sets of alleles with one trait
Cross Fertilization when two organisms are bred together by an artificial means
Self-Pollination a.k.a. self-fertilization; when an organism can supply its own sperm in order to reproduce
Gene segments of DNA which carry instructions for synthesizing proteins
Codominance two traits which both appear as dominant in the off spring, A type of inheritance in which two dominant alleles are expressed at the same time without blending of traits.
Incomplete Dominance neither trait is dominant over the other and both are shown or mixed (ex. Pink snapdragons)
Dominant The inherited characteristic that appears in an organism.
Recessive The inherited characteristic often masked by the dominant characteristic and not seen in an organism.
Pure bred homozygous
test cross A genetic cross in which a test organism showing the dominant trait is crossed with one showing the recessive trait; used to determine whether the test organism is homozygous dominant or heterozygous.
pleiotropy ability of one gene to affect an organism in multiple ways [multiple phenotypes]
non-disjunction the meiotic spindle distributes chromosomes to daughter cells without error, but sometimes a ______________ occurs, in which the members of a pair of homologous chromosomes don't moave apart properly during meiosis I; or sister chromatids fail to separate during meiosis II
homozygous allele combination with both parts of genotype identical (example: TT or tt)
heterozygous allele combination with two different parts of genotype (example: Tt)
locus the specific site of a particular gene on its chromosome
F1 first filial generation; generation after "P"
F2 second filial generation; the generation that occurs when children cross and have children
P parent generation
back cross otherwise known as incest (P x F1)

Set Information

Terms 24
Creator magerdan
Created February 7, 2008
Group CHS class of ONE ONE
Tags sheridan, genetics, biology, bio
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magerdan : Changed P → parent generatioin to P → parent generation
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Most Missed Words

  1. Polygenic → a trait determined by two or more genes - 3 misses
  2. Incomplete Dominance → neither trait is dominant over the other and both are shown or mixed (ex. Pink snapdragons) - 3 misses
  3. Dominant → The inherited characteristic that appears in an organism. - 3 misses
  4. pleiotropy → ability of one gene to affect an organism in multiple ways [multiple phenotypes] - 3 misses
  5. locus → the specific site of a particular gene on its chromosome - 3 misses
  6. Gene → segments of DNA which carry instructions for synthesizing proteins - 2 misses
  7. Pure bred → homozygous - 2 misses