 | Term | Definition |
| |
humeroulnar joints |
trochlea of the humerus and trochlear notch of the ulna: resting position= 70 deg. flexion and 10 deg. supination |
| |
humeroradial joint |
capitulum of humerus and head of radius |
| |
proximal radioulnar joint |
head of radius and radial notch of ulna |
| |
distal radioulnar joint |
head of ulna and ulnar notch of radius |
| |
humeral ulnar and humeral radial joints |
function as a loose hinge joint, allowing flexion (150 deg.) and extension (0 deg.) |
| |
proximal and distal radioulnar joints |
pivot joints that function together for supination (90 deg.) and pronation (90 deg.) |
| |
during pronation |
the radial head spins and the radius crosses over the ulna |
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during supination |
the radius and ulna lie parallel to each other |
| |
annular ligament |
wraps around the head of the radius to stabilize the proximal radioulnar joint |
| |
medial collateral/ ulnar collateral ligament |
resist valgus forces |
| |
lateral collateral/ radial collateral ligament |
resist varus forces |
| |
valgus |
force on the lateral side of the elbows, making the elbows bend outward |
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varus |
force on the medial side of elbows, making the elbows bend inward |
| |
cubitus valgus |
carrying angle |
| |
interrosseous membrane |
connects the shafts of the radius and ulna to (1) add stability to the proximal and distal radial ulnar joints, (2) provide surface area for muscle attachment, and (3) transmit WBing forces from the radius to the ulna because the fibers go at an angle |
| |
at full elbow extension |
there is normally a 15 deg. angle between the humerus and ulna |
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when forearm is pronated |
the 15 degree angle between the humerus and ulna disappears |
| |
biceps brachii |
elbow flexion and forearm supination; Orign (starts at): long head-supraglenoid tubercle of scapula, short head-coracoid process of scapula; Insertion (ends at): radial tuberosity |
| |
brachialis |
flexes elbow; Origin (starts at): anterior distal half of humerus; Insertion (ends at): coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity |
| |
musculotaneous nerve (C5-6) innervates |
biceps brachii and brachialis |
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