 | Term | Definition |
| |
atrophy |
caused by poor nutrition,lack of use of muscle,motor unit dysfunction |
| |
contracture |
also known as ischemic conracture: muscle fixed in flexed position: caused by spasm,paralysis,fibrotic tissue, heat or meds |
| |
fibromyalgia |
fibrositis; pain,joint stiffness,trigger points; caused by unresolved emotional trauma,infection,change in climate |
| |
flaccid |
lacking normal tone - flattened; first stage of muscular atrophy |
| |
hernia |
protrusion of an organ through surrounding connective tissue or cavity wall: caused by obesity,illness,surgery or a congenital condition |
| |
golgi tendon |
detects tension applied to tendon during slow static stretch |
| |
concentric and eccentric |
types of isotonic contractions |
| |
tonus |
continuous partial contraction of a muscle |
| |
fixator |
s.i.t.s. muscles are an example: stabilization joint over which prime mover exerts its action |
| |
reciprocal inhibition |
opposite stopping: impossible to flex and extend the same muscle at the same time |
| |
shin splint |
strain of anterior or posterior tibia muscle |
| |
spasticity |
increased muscle tone and stiffness that increases tendon reflexes |
| |
strain |
(pull) injury of muscle or tendon caused by violent contraction, forced stretching, synergistic failure |
| |
tendinitis |
inflammation of tendon |
| |
tenosynovitis |
inflammation of tendon sheath |
| |
torticollis |
wryneck: spasm of scm: may cause vertigo because many sensory and positional receptors are located there |
| |
muscle fatigue |
inability of of a muscle to contract when stimulated caused by lack of oxygen, energy, and increased lactic acid |
| |
muscle spasm |
increase in tension with or without shortening caused by excessive motor nerve activity |
| |
muscular dystrophy |
collection of genetic diseases causing progressive atrophy of skeletel muscles |
| |
myasthenia gravis |
autoimmune disease characterized by muscle weakness,chronic fatigue and drooping eyelids |
| |
kinesiology |
study of human motion |
| |
flex |
action of muscles on front of body |
| |
extend |
muscles on back of body |
| |
adduct |
muscles on medial side of body |
| |
abduct |
muscles on lateral side of body |
| |
flex and extend |
muscles that run up and down |
| |
rotate |
muscles that run at an angle |
| |
primary and secondary |
muscles usual actions |
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