 | Term | Definition |
| |
What is a model? |
Is anything that represents the properties of another object or system. |
| |
What type of evidence is used to find info of things we cant see? |
Indirect evidence. |
| |
What does an equation describe? |
An equation describes weather the answer is balanced or correct. |
| |
What is the law of conservation of matter? |
Matter cannot be created or destroyed only changed form. |
| |
Why must equations be balanced? |
Equations must be balanced so that the law of conservation of matter can be obeyed. |
| |
what 4 elements did the early greeks describe?d |
Wind, water, fire, and earth. |
| |
How was the term atom derived? |
The atom is the basic building block of the universe. |
| |
Who described their model as "plum pudding" |
Thompson |
| |
What was Thompson's model described as? |
Thompson described his model as "plum pudding" because the electrons and protons were floating around like raisins in pudding. |
| |
What is the name of Rutherford's experiment? |
The Gold Foil Experiment. |
| |
The Gold Foil Experiment. |
He fired a stream of negatively charged particles at a very thin sheet of gold foil. Surrounding the foil was a screen to detect the particles. If he was right the negativly charged particles would pass through the foil. What he concluded was that there was something in the middle blocking the particles. He stated that the positve particles were clustered together in the center called a nucleus. |
| |
Which sub-atomic particles was Bohr interested in finding? |
Bohr focused on finding where in the atom protons are located. |
| |
3 names for the highest probability of finding an electron? |
Electron clouds, shells or orbitals. |
| |
Name the 3 sub-atomic particles. |
Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons. |
| |
What is the Atomic-Number? |
The atomic number is the number of protons in an element. |
| |
What is atomic-mass? |
Atomic mass is the mass of an atom (how much it weighs) |
| |
How is the atomic mass calculated? |
# of protons + # of neutrons = Atomic Mass |
| |
How is the number of neutrons calculated? |
Atomic mass - atomic number = # of neutrons |
| |
What is the charge of an atom? |
The charge of an atom is positve. |
| |
What is the charge of a proton and its mass? |
Protons have a positive charge. It's mass is 1 amu. |
| |
What is the charge of an electron? |
Electrons have a negative charge. It's mass is 1/1836 amu. |
| |
What is the charge of a neutron? |
Neutrons have no charge they are neutral. It's mass is 1 amu. |
| |
What is an isotope? |
An isotope is atoms of the same element having different masses due to the change of number of neutrons. |
| |
Which particle is responsible for the change in mass of an element? |
The neutron is responsible because changing protons will change the element but changing the neutron wont. |
| |
How many protons does Potassium contain? |
Potassium ( K ) contains 19 protons. |
| |
What is an electron cloud? |
An electron cloud is an area in which electrons can be found. |
| |
How many electrons can a K shell contain. |
The K shell can hold 2 electrons. |
| |
How many electrons can the M, L , and N shell contain? |
These shells can contain 8 electrons. |
| |
What is an Ion? |
An ion is if an atom loses or gains an electron it now has a new charge and is called an ion. |
| |
Which particle is responsible for creating Ions? |
The electron is responsible for creating ions because it creates a new charge if it is lost or gained. |
| |
What is the weakest force in an atom? |
The weakest force is gravity. |
| |
Which is the strongest force in an atom? |
The strongest force in an atom is called the Strong Force. It over powers the electromagnetic force and keeps the protons together. |
| |
Electromagnetic force |
Oppositely charged particles attract to each other and the same charged particles repel from each other. |
