| Term | Definition |
|
What is an insulator? |
a material in which electrons cannot move easily from place to place |
|
What is a conductor? |
materials that contain electrons that can move from place to place - move easily in the material |
|
What is a series circuit? |
one that has only one path for the electric current to follow - if the path is broken, the current will no longer flow |
|
What is a parallel circuit? |
one that has more than one path for the electric current to follow - if one path is broken, electrons continue to flow through the other paths |
|
What is Ohm's Law? |
simple relationship among voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit - formula V = IR (voltage (in volts) = current (in ampheres) x resistance (in ohms) |
|
What are some examples of insulators (know at least 3)? |
plastic, glass, wood, rubber, dry skin |
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What are some examples of conductors (know at least 3) ? |
copper, gold, silver, aluminum |
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What happens to an object when it loses electrons? |
it gains a negative (-) charge |
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What happens when an object gains electrons? |
it loses a positive (+) charge |
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What is included in a "SIMPLE COMPLETE CIRCUIT?" |
battery, wire, switch, and light bulbs |
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What causes a battery to work? |
a chemical reactions in the moist paste of the (+) and (-) terminals |
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What are two examples of a static discharge? |
lightning, static shock |
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What is voltage? |
the amount of energy a battery has - the measure of potential electric energy |
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Is dry skin a good conductor or a good insulator? |
an insulator |
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What does a negative terminal in a battery have? |
a pile up of negative charges |
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What is used in a parallel circuit to prevent it from overloading? |
fuses |
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What happened when we rubbed a balloon on our hair? Why was the paper attracted to the balloon? |
opposites attract - (balloon = (-) charge and the paper = (+) charge) it attracted the balloon because electrons have been collected |
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What is the filament in a light bulb made of? |
tungsten wire |
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Why is the filament in light bulbs made with tungsten wire? |
it does not melt easily, has a high resistance, can become hot enough to produce light |
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What direction do electrons flow in a battery? |
from the (-) terminal to the (+) terminal |
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What creates resistance in a wire? |
making it longer and thiner |
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What happend when two balloons were rubbed on our hair and then brought together? |
they repel each other |
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What is the difference between a series circuit and a paralle circuit? |
series has one path (one out = all out) while a parallel has more than one path |
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What is a watt and what does it measure? |
a measurement of a unit of power |
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What is volt and what does it measure? |
a measurement of electrical energy |
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What does an amphere measure? |
a measurement of current |
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What does an Ohm measure? |
a measurement of resistance |
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What happens when more volts are added to a flow of current? |
the current becomes stronger, increasing energy causes the lights to get brighter |
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What is the purpose of placing metal lightning rods at the top of tall buildings? |
for grounding - acts as a guide for lightning - so houses don't catch on fire |
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What is electric energy on the electric bill measured in? |
in kilowatt hours |
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What happens when you add devices (light bulbs) to a series circuit? |
light becomes duller because the current is decreased |