 | Term | Definition |
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what attempts to trace the source of a neurological problem through an evaluation of the sensory, motor, behavioral, and cognitive functions of the nervous system? |
neurological examination |
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Hom many disorders of the NS are there? |
hundreds |
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NS disorders can be subdivided into what specific categories? |
Congenital/ innerted disorders, degenerative disorders, secondary disorders, infection, tumors, trauma |
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What 4 factors are noted in a neurological physical examination? |
state of consciousness, abrnomal speech patterns, reflex activity, abnormal motor patters |
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What are 2 degenerative NS disorders? |
Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease |
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What symptoms define a migraine? |
throbbing, unilateral sever pain, light sensitivity, nausea, vomiting |
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What is the name of the disease caused by a flagellated protozoan from the bite of a tsetse fly? |
African sleeping sickness |
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What is the name of the disease caused by a virus that invades the CNS through peripheral nerves and can be fatal? |
Rabies |
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What is the name of the disease that causes inflammation of the brain and is transmitted by mosquitos |
Encephalitis |
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What is the name of the disease also known as leprosy? |
Hansen's disease |
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What is the "color of CSF"? |
clear and colorless |
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What is used to find an organism causing infectious process in the brain or spinal cord and takes at least 2 day? |
culture of CSF |
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What detects tumors and cerebrovascular abnormalities? |
(CT) scan of the brain |
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What is the name of the laboratory test in which dye is injected into artery in the neck and movement is observed through serial x-rays and is used to detect aneurysms or blockages? |
(DSA) Digital subtraction angiography |
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What is a sedative and anesthetic that produces muscle weakness and depresses CNS activitity? |
barbiturates |
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What is used as a local anesthetic and prevents stimulation of sensory neurons? |
Lidocaine (Xylocaine) |
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What does "caine" at the end of a word infer? |
numbers (anesthetics) |
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The praine accounts for __ percent of your body weight? |
2 |
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How does an elevated temperature (fever) affect neuron activity and the body as a whole? |
excites neurons, produces hallucinations and convulsions |
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What specificaaly happens in a stroke? |
Blood supply to brain is interuppted by circulatory blokcage or vascular rupture |
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What 2 factors determine the degree of impairment of a stroke? |
location/ size and duration |
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Why are the spinal cord and cranial Meninges ideal conditions for viruses and bacteria? |
warm, dark, and nutrient rich |
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How do pathogens gain access to the Meninges? |
blood vessels or cerebral/ cranial injury |
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Why have the incidences of childhood bacterial meningitis been reduced so dramatically? |
immunizations vaccination |
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What is a biopsy? |
tissue samples taken from organs to assist in diagnosis |
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Between nerval tissue and CSF, which cannot be replaced? |
nerval tissue |
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Withdrawl of CSF is called what? |
spinal tap |
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How is a spinal tap drawn? |
it drips out under its own pressure |
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Has polio been eradicated WORLDWIDE? |
no |
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Spinal concussions are temporary. |
know it. ^_^ |
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Spinal contusion hemorrhages and the pressure rises in the cerebrospinal fluid, there is partial recovery over weeks. |
know it. ^_^ |
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spinal laceration. |
cut by vertebral fragments or other foreign bodies |
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spinal compression |
spinal cord is squeezed |
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spinal transection |
completely severed, not repairable |
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What is termporary compression? |
palsy |
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What are TBI's? |
traumatic brain injury |
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What is a termporary disorder of cerebral function, accompanied by abnormal, involuntary movemetnts, unusual sensations? |
seizure |
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What is epilepsy? |
recurring pattern of seizer over extended period |
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What are some known causes of seizure disorder? |
over 50% idiopathic, infection, brain trauma, brain damage, stroke, genetic factors, poisoning |
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What are the main differences b/w grand mal and petit mal seizures? |
grandmal=poweful, vague awareness. petit mal= brief, absent seizuire |
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What is delirium? |
stable, chronic state w/ defects in memorym spatial area., language, or personality |
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What is involved in assessing a person's level of consciousness? |
alertness, patterns of speech, content of the speech, general motor abilities |
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What is a Glasgow scale? |
classification system of a person's level of consciousness |
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What can you conclude about a person with a Glasgow scale of 3-5? |
suffered irreersible brain damage |
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Aware of self and external enviorment, responsive, oriented. |
normal consciousness |
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disorientation, restlesness, halluciantions, agitation, alternations with other consequences |
delirium |
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reduced awareness; easily distracted and starteled, alternation b/w drowsiness and excitibility |
donfusion |
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difficultes w/ spatial orientation, memory, language, changes in personality |
dementia |
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extreme drowsiness, but response to stimuli is normal |
somnolence |
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consiouse, but unresponsive, no evidence of cortical function |
chronic vegetateive state |
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What are the 3 states of unconsciousness and a BREIF description of each? |
asleep: can be aroused by normal stimuli; stupor: can be aroused by extreme or repeated stimuli; coma: cant be aroused and does not respond to stimuli |
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What is the name of the disorder involving a sleeping individual who stops breathing for short periods? |
sleep apnea |
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What is the technical name for "painkiller" drugs? |
Analgesics |
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What are "downers" technically called? |
sedatives and hypnotics |
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What kind of analgesics are morphine, demerol, and codeine? |
prescription |
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OTC |
"over the counter" non-prescritption (advil, tylenol, aspirin, aleve) |
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What is the disease in which one suffer from a chronic, progressive illness characterized by memory loss and impairment of high order cerebral functions that induce thinking, judgement, and personality? |
Alzheimer's disease |
