| Term | Definition |
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Acid rain |
A growing environmental peril whereby acidified rainwater severely damage plants and animals life; caused by the oxides of sulfer and nitrogen that are released into the atmosphere. |
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Aquifer |
Subterranean,porous,water-holding rocks that provide millinos of well with steady flows of water |
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Atmosphere |
Blanket of gases surrounding the Earth and located some 350 miles above the Earth's surface |
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Biodiversity |
the total variety of plant and animal species in a particular place; biological diversity |
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Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) |
Synthetic organic compounds first created in the 1950's and used primarily as refrigerants and as propellants |
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Deforestation |
The clearing and destruction of forest to harvest wood for consumption,clear land for agricultural uses and make way for expanding settlement frontiers |
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Environmental stress |
The threat to environmental security by human activity such as atmospheric and groundwater pollution, deforestation,oil spills, and ocean dumping |
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Hydrologic cycle |
The system of exchange involving water in its various forms as it continually circulates among the atmosphere ,the ocean, and above and below the land surface |
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Mass depletion |
Loss of diversity through a failure to produce new species |
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Mass extinction |
Mass destruction of most species |
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Montreal Protocol |
An international agreement signed in 1987 by 105 countries and the European Community (now European Union). The protocol called for a reduction in the production and consumption of chlorofluorocarbon of 50% by 2000 |
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Oxygen cycle |
Cycle whereby natural processes and human activity consume atmospheric oxygen and produce carbon dioxide and the Earth's forests and other flora, through photosynthesis , consume carbon dioxide and produce oxygen |
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Ozone layer |
The layer in the upper atmosphere located between 30 and 45 kilometers above the Earth's surface where stratospheric ozone is most densely concentrated. The ozone layer acts as a filter for the Sun's harmful ultraviolet rays |
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Pacific Ring of Fire |
Ocean- girdling zone of crustal instability, volcanism, and earthquakes resulting from the tectonic activity along plate boundaries in the region |
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Pangaea |
The primeval supercontinent, hypothesized by Alfred Wegener, that broke apart and formed the continents and oceans as we know them today; consisted of two parts-- a northern Laurasia and a southern Gondwana |
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Photosynthesis |
The formation of carbohydrates in living plants from water and carbon dioxide, through the action of sunlight on chlorophyll in those plants,including algae |
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Radioactive waste |
Hazardous-waste-emitting radiation from nuclear power plants,nuclear weapon factories, and nuclear equipment in hospitals and industry |
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Renewable resources |
Reasources that can regenerate as they are exploited |
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Sanitary landfill |
Disposal sites for non-hazardous soild waste that is spread in layers and compacted to the smallest practical volume. |
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Soil erosion |
The wearing away of the land surface by wind and moving water |
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Solid waste |
Non-liquid,non-soluble materialsranging from municipal garbage to sewage sludge;agricultural refuse;and mining residues |
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Toxic waste |
Hazardous waste causing danger from chemical and infectious organisms |