| Term | Definition |
|
Louis the Pious |
only son of Charlemagne; a very religious man but not a good king; sons signed the Treaty of Verdun |
|
Louis VII |
king of France who led the unsuccessful Second Crusade and fought frequent wars with Henry II of England (1120-1180) |
|
Louis the Fat |
(1108-1137) Used townspeople to strengthen government; awarded townspeople positions in court; made towns self-governing and loyal directly to king |
|
Louis IX |
(1226-1270) Made royal courts dominant over feudal courts; declared only king could mint coins; banned private warfare; weakened feudal ties; made into a saint for his chivalrous behavior |
|
Louis the German |
one of the candidates for Charlemagne's throne; took the East |