 | Term | Definition |
| |
skin |
physical/hostile barrier covered with oily/acidic secretions from sweat glands |
| |
antimicrobial proteins |
such as lysozyme (breaks down cell walls of bacteria), contained in saliva, tears, and other secretions found on mucous membranes |
| |
CILIA |
Line the lungs to sweep invaders out of lungs |
| |
gastric juice |
found in stomach; kills most microbes |
| |
symbiotic bacteria |
(found in digestive tract/vagina) outcompetes many other organisms that could cause damage |
| |
phagocytes |
white bloods cells that engulf pathogens by phagocytosis |
| |
monocytes |
phagocytes that enlarge into large phagocytic cells called macrophages |
| |
natural killer cells |
other white blood cells that attack abnormal body cells or pathogen-infected body cells |
| |
complement |
group of about twenty proteins that "complement" defense reactions; help attract phagocytes to foreign cells and help destroy foreign cells by promoting cell lysis (breaking open the cell) |
| |
interferons |
substances secreted by cells invaded by viruses that stimulate neighboring cells to produce proteins that help defend against the viruses |
| |
inflammatory response |
series of nonspecific events that occur in response to pathogens. |
| |
histamine |
chemical alarm signals secreted by basophils (white cells found in connective tissue) |
| |
basophils |
white blood cells found in connective tissue |
| |
vasodilation |
(dilation of blood vessels) stimulated by histamine, increases blood supply to the damaged area/ allows for easier movement of white blood cells through blood vessel walls; causes redness, an increase of temp. , and swelling |
| |
immune response |
targets specific antigens |
| |
antigen |
any molecule that can be identified as foreign |
| |
major histocompatibility complex (MHC) |
mechanism by which immune system is able to differentiate b/w self and nonself cells |
| |
lymphocytes |
white blood cells that originate in bone marrow but concentrate in lymphatic tissues such as the lymph nodes, thymus gland, and spleen |
| |
B cells |
lymphocytes that originate and mature in bone marrow, respond to antigens, and is characaterized by specialized antigen receptors called antibodies |
| |
antibodies |
proteins that are specialized antigen receptors; inactive antigens by binding to them, followed by by macrophage phagocytosis. Stimulate complement proteins to bring about lysis of pathogens |
| Add or remove terms from this set |
