 | Term | Definition |
| |
lipids |
insoluble in water but are soluble in nonpolar substances |
| |
triglycerides |
include fats and oils; consists of three fatty acids attached to glycerol molecule |
| |
fatty acids |
hydrocarbons with a carboxyl group at one end of the chain; vary in structure by # of carbons/placement of single and double covalent bonds b/w carbons |
| |
saturated fatty acid |
single covalent bond b/w each pair of carbon atoms, which has two hydrogens bonded to it. "saturated with hydrogen" |
| |
monounsaturated fatty acid |
one double covalent bond/ each of two carbons in bond has one hydrogen bonded to it |
| |
polyunsaturated fatty acid |
like monounsaturated except there are two or more double covalent bonds |
| |
phospholipid |
a lipid in which one of the fatty acid molecules has been replaced by a module that contains a phosphate group; fatty acid "tails" are nonpolar/hydrophobic, while phosphate "head is polar and hydrophilic; amphipathic molecule; oriented in sandwich-like formations with tails grouped inside and heads toward outside; provide structural foundation of cell membranes |
| |
amphipathic molecule |
has both polar and nonpolar regions |
| |
steroids |
characterized by backbone of four linked carbon rings. (i.e.-cholesterol, testosterone, estrogen) |
