 | Term | Definition |
| |
mood |
this class of disorders includes mania and depression |
| |
dysthymic |
this disorder features long-term, low-grade depression |
| |
bipolar |
this group of disorders may include some combination of hypomanic and depressed episodes |
| |
episode |
this term refers to a single event of depression |
| |
norepinephrine and serotonin |
two neurotransmitters associated with mood disorders |
| |
stressful events |
these precede 80% of depressive episodes |
| |
psychodynamic |
interpersonal therapy is associated with this orientation |
| |
cognitive-behavioral |
this type of therapy combines new kinds of thinking and new ways of acting |
| |
classical conditioning |
associating a neutral stimulus with a natural stimulus is .... |
| |
exposure therapy |
general term for a variety of treatments which include having the patient re-experience a traumatic or anxiety-inducing event in a safe manner |
| |
systematic desensitization |
a careful, controlled therapy in which a patient is exposed in small steps to an anxiety-inducing object, as, for example, as a way of treating intense fear of spiders |
| |
aversive conditioning |
an example of this form of therapy is to give an alcoholic a drug that causes nausea when the alcoholic drinks alcohol |
| |
REBT |
the acronym for Ellis's form of cognitive-behavioral therapy |
| |
cognitive therapy |
treatment designed to change incorrect thinking that causes distress in a patient |
| |
schema |
in Beck's therapy, these have become distorted perceptions of the world |
| |
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy |
the full name of a cognitive therapy in which the therapist aggressively challenges the patient's incorrect thinking |
| |
SSRI |
a class of drugs that is a popular form of drug medication for depression |
| |
lithium |
this is used to treat bipolar disorders |
| |
diagnostic |
a primary purpose of the DSM-IV is to provide __________ criteria for psychological disorders |
| |
maladaptive |
this adjective describes behavior that is damaging to oneself or others |
| |
others |
disordered behavior is disturbing to _______ |
| |
atypical |
statistical information is one way to determine if a behavior is _________ |
| |
antisocial |
this personality disorder features willingness to break the law and a lack of remorse |
| |
histrionic |
this personality disorder features extravagant behavior and more often affects women |
| |
narcissistic |
this personality disorder features grandiosity and a sense of entitlement |
| |
obsessive-compulsive |
this personality disorder features extreme rigidity and devotion to lists and schedules |
| |
obsessions |
these are intrusive, unwanted, repetitive thoughts |
| |
compulsions |
these are physical actions or mental actions (like silent counting) that one feels compelled to perform |
| |
False |
True or false: the person with OCD is completely unaware that his actions will not produce the desired effect |
| |
panic attack |
not a disorder itself, but often a component of an anxiety disorder |
| |
conversion disorder |
this disorder features loss of physical function without a medical cause, probably due to stress or anxiety |
| |
hypochondriasis |
this disorder features pre-occupation with the idea that one is ill or a misinterpretation of symptoms |
| |
somatization disorder |
this disorder features continuing complaints that have no medical basis |
| |
Body Dysmorphic disorder |
this disorder features preoccupation with imagined or exaggerated defects; compulsive grooming is often a part of this disorder |
| |
Body Integrity Identity disorder |
this complaint, which is not a DSM disorder, features an insistance that one's limb be amputated |
| |
malingering |
faking medical symptoms in order to avoid responsibility |
| |
factitious disorder |
this disorder features aking medical or psychological symptoms in order to be a patient |
| |
Munchausen syndrome |
this disorder features feigning medical symptoms or causing one's own illness for the purpose of being a patient |
| |
Munchausen by proxy |
this disorder features causing illness in another (often one's child) in order to gain the benefits of being the mother of a sick child |
| |
dissociative identity disorder |
In this disorder, two or more separate personalities can take control of an individual's behavior, associated with child abuse in most cases |
| |
dissociative fugue |
a disorder in which travel from home and amnesia always occurs |
| |
repression |
Freud's defense mechanism in which traumatic memories are buried deeply in the unconscious |
| |
diathesis-stress model |
this theory suggests that some conditions are caused by a genetic predisposition triggered by stress |
| |
GABA |
an inhibitory neurotransmitter |
| |
SSRIs |
medications that are used in depression and anxiety disorders; they increase the level of serotonin without the side effects of MAOIs; Prozac is an example. |
| |
delusion |
an egregiously false belief |
| |
hallucination |
a sensory experience for which there is no corresponding sensory input |
| |
paranoid |
type of schizophrenia characterized by delusions of persecution |
| |
catatonic |
a type pf schizophrenia characterized by disturbances in motor activity, such as stupor |
| |
disorganized |
a type of schizophrenia characterized by confused behavior, delusions and hallucinations |
| |
dopamine |
a neurotransmitter associated with schizophrenia |
| |
ventricles |
hollow spaces in the brain, enlarged in some schizophrenics |
| |
prefrontal cortex |
the part of the brain most associated with thinking, planning, judging |
| |
neuroleptics |
a class of drugs that block the action of dopamine, but have the danger of serious side-effects |
| |
tardive dyskinesia |
an often incurable side-effect of using neuroleptics that involves involuntary movements |
| |
anxiety |
this class of disorders includes panic attacks and phobias |
| |
pharmacological |
this type of therapy refers to the use of drugs to control symptoms |
| |
abnormal |
this type of behavior is irrational, disturbing to others, atypical and maladaptive |
| |
schizophrenia |
this disorder features disorganized thinking and behavior, flat affect, delusions and hallucinations |
| |
psychodynamic |
this type of therapy may be concerned with resolving childhood problems or re-integrating one's personality |
| |
somatoform |
this class of disorders features physical problems caused by psychological problems |
