| Term | Definition |
|
lorenz (1937) |
imprinting in birds - young birds automatically follow around moving objects. supposed permanent effects of early adverse experience & importance of critical periods |
|
Freud |
psychological problems in adult life are a result of childhood events (unresolved conflicts) |
|
clark et al |
only because adversity in the early years is often followed by adversity ie. effects stem from current adversity rather than early adversity |
|
beckett (2003) |
english & romanian adoptees study - severely deprived romanian children. 165 adopted before 43 months. control - 52 uk adopted before 6 months. many malnourished. |
|
rutter (1981) |
residential institutions w/multiple rotating caregivers note pervasive pattern of attention seeking behaviours & lack of selectivity in social relationships |
|
dontas et al (1985) |
when single care-giver present, do not show same pattern of attachment behaviours |
|
rutter et al (2004) |
@ age 6, disinhibited attachment through a semi-structured interview w/parent. interview validated by strange situation scenario. disinhibited attachment less likely to show secure attachment and more likely to be classified as 'other'. disinhibited attachment more common in romanian adoptees (39%) than uk (4%). only a small number of children show persistently marked disinhibition. no consensus on how to measure social disinhibition at age 11 - may account for some reduction. mild dishibition in the uk sample did not mean the same thing as in romanian sample - importance of depriving institutional care. adoption before 6 months lead to few adverse effects, children least likely to remember, but infantile amnesia means most people can not recall events prior to age 2. difficult to assess role of working models & psychological representations in young children - future work on these children as adolescents |